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About Modal Verb in English
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MODAL VERBSChicken Group
Lê Huỳnh Thúy HằngTrương Thị Mỹ TrangNguyễn Thị Linh Huệ
Nguyễn Minh ThưBùi Thị Hào
Phạm Thị Diệu ThiệnHuỳnh Lương Phương Thảo
Vũ Thị Diễm HươngĐặng Thị Hương Giang
MODAL VERBS
I. DEFINITION
II. STRUCTURE
III. USAGE
I. DEFINITION
MODAL VERBS
Applicants must answer the question
honestly (obligation)
A modal verb is a type of auxiliary verb that is used to indicate modality-that is likelihood, ability, permission, obligation,...
Two of my friends can play guitar (ability)
MODAL VERBSI. DEFINITION
Modal verbs are part of the verbal phrase. They give more information about the function of the main verb that they govern.
They must get there before 7 o’clock.
It may rain
tomorrow.
MODAL VERBS
LIST OF MODAL VERBS
I. DEFINITION
Can
CouldMay
Might
Will
Would
ShallShould
Ought to
Must
II. STRUCTURE
MODAL VERBS
•Affirmative S + modal + infinitive. She should stay.
•Negative S + modal(n’t) + infinitive. She shouldn’t stay.
•Interrogative (Wh)modal + S + infinitive? Why should she stay?
MODAL VERBS
II. STRUCTURE a. Modal verbs do not add –s or –es to the third person singular.
He can swim. He cans swim.
MODAL VERBS
II. STRUCTURE The formation of conjugations using the modal auxiliaries can be summarized as follows:
• Simple S + modal + bare infinitive I could work He could work It could work They could work
• PerfectPerfect S + modal + have + past participle I could have worked He could have worked It could have worked They could have worked
• ContinuousS + modal + be + present participle I could be working He could be working It could be working They could be working
• Perfect continuousS + modal + have been + present participle I could have been working He could have been working It could have been working They could have been working
MODAL VERBS
II. STRUCTURE
b. Modal verbs don’t need auxiliaries to form negative and question.
Exp : She should stay. She doesn’t should stay. → She shouldn’t stay.
→ Why should she stay?Why does she stay?
c. Modal verbs don’t have infinitives or –ing forms
Exp: canning to might
MODAL VERBSIII. USAGE
CAN Use Example
Ability / Possibility They can control their own budgets.
Inability / Impossibility We can’t fix it.
Asking for permission Can I smoke here?
Request Can you help me?
MODAL VERBS
III. USAGECOULD
Use Example
Asking for permission Could I borrow your dictionary?
Request Could you say it again more slowly?
Suggestion We could try to fix it ourselves.
Future possibility I think we could have another Gulf War.
Future wish I wish Jane could meet me next week. Ability in the past He gave up his old job so he could
work for us.
*** The Gulf War (2 August 1990 – 28 February 1991) was a war waged by a U.N.-authorized Coalition force from 34 nations led by the United States, against Iraq in response to Iraq's invasion and annexation of Kuwait.
MODAL VERBS
III. USAGEMAY
Use Example
Asking for permission May I have another cup of coffee?
Future possibility China may become a major economic power.
MODAL VERBS
III. USAGEMIGHT
Use Example
Present possibility We'd better phone tomorrow, they might be eating their dinner now.
Future possibility They might give us a 10% discount.
MODAL VERBS
III. USAGEMUST
Use Example
Necessity / Obligation We must say good-bye now.
Logical conclusion You must be mad if you think I’m going to lend you any more money.
Prohibition They mustn’t disrupt the work more than necessary.
MODAL VERBS
III. USAGEOUGHT TO
Use Example
Saying what’s right or correct( give advance, recommendation) We ought to employ a professional writer.
MODAL VERBSIII. USAGE
SHALL(More common in the
Uk than the US) Use Example
Offer Shall I help you with your luggage?
Suggestion Shall we say 2.30 then?
Asking what to do Shall I do that or will you?
MODAL VERBS
III. USAGESHOULD
Use Example
Saying what’s right or correct( give advance, recommendation) We should sort out this problem at once.
Recommending action I think we should check everything again.
Uncertain prediction Profits should increase next year.
MODAL VERBSIII. USAGE
WILL Use Example
Instant decisions I can’t see any taxis so I’ll walk
Conditional sentences If I have money, I’ll buy it.
Offer I'll do that for you if you like.
Promise I’ll get back to you first thing on Monday
Certain prediction Profits will increase next year.
MODAL VERBS
III. USAGEWOULD
Use Example
Asking for permission Would you mind if I brought a colleague with me?
Request Would you mind waiting a moment?
Making arrangements "Would three o`clock suit you?" –
"That’d be fine." Invitation Would you like to play golf this Friday?
Preferences "Would you prefer tea or coffee?" – "I’d like tea please."
M I G H T
S H O U L D
C O U L D
S H A L L
W I L L
M U S T
THE ENDThanks for your attention
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