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PRESENTATION ON ESSENTIAL NEW
BORN CARE
SUBMITTED BYKAVITHA KALESAN. M
4TH YEAR BSC NSG
UCME, THEVARA
Immediate basic care of new born at birth
includes maintenance of temperature,
establishment of open airway, initiation of
breathing and maintenance of circulation.
IMMEDIATE CARE OF NEW BORN AT BIRTH
Deliver baby on a warm and clean towel.
Establish and maintain a patent airway.
Ensure warmth.
Assessment and documentation of baby’s condition.
Care of eyes.
Clamp and cut the cord.
Care of skin.
BASIC CARE PROVIDED AT BIRTH
Administration of vitamin k.
Identification of baby.
transfer of baby according to the level of care
required.
Contd………………………………
Baby should be placed on a tray covered with
clean dry linen with head slightly downwards.
Tray should be placed between the legs of the
mother and it should be at the lower level than
uterus.
1. DELIVER BABY ON A WARM AND CLEAN TOWEL
The mouth and the nose are suctioned to clear
airway of mucus and amniotic fluid.
If not cried, gentle tactile stimulation is
provided.
If the child does not cry even after stimulation,
CPR should be given.
2. ESTABLISH AND MAINTAIN PATENT AIRWAY
To prevent heat lose from the baby following
measures should be taken:
The delivery room should be warm, with
temperature of 25 – 28 degree Celsius.
Dry the infant thoroughly soon after birth using
warm towel.
Place the baby under radiant warmer or by KMC.
3. ESURE WARMTH
IMMEDIATE ASSESSMENT.
HEAD TO FOOT ASSESSMENT.
4. ASSESSMENT AND DOCUMENTATION OF INFANT CONDITION
IMMEDIATE ASSESSMENT:-a. Apgar scoring:-
Contd…………………………………….
PARAMETER 0 1 2
Heart rate Absent < 100 100
Respiration Absent Irregular, slow
Good, strong cry
Muscle tone Flaccid Some flexion of extremities
Well flexed
Reflex response
NIL Grimace Cry,Sneeze
Skin colour Blue, pale Body pink,extremit
y blue
Completely pink
b. Recording of birth weight
c. Umbilical cord is examined for presence of two
umbilical arteries and one vein.
d. Orifice counting and checking there patency:-
1. Mouth is checked for cleft palate and lip.
2. Ear and nose.
3. Anus is checked for imperforation or
malformation.
Contd……………………………….
4. Urethra is checked for hypospadiasis or
epispadiasis.
5. Any visible lesion on back or front.
HEAD TO FOOT ASSESSMENT:-
Contd………………………..
SKIN:-
The skin colour assessed for pallor, jaundice and
cyanosis.
Check skin turgor for dehydration.
HEAD:-
Check for widely spaced sutures and bulging
fontanelle, depressed fontanelle.
Contd………………………..
Skull is examined for cephalohematoma and
caput succedaneum.
FACE:-
Check for asymmetry or malformation.
EYES:-
Assess for position and symmetry. The distance
between two inner canthus should be 2cm.
Contd………………….
EARS:-
Check for malformed or low set ears. Startle
reflex on hearing loud noise indicate audibility.
NOSE:-
Examine for its shape and nasal bridge. Nasal
flarring indicate respiratory distress.
Contd……………………………………..
MOUTH:-
Observe for cleft lip and palate, oral mucosa for
white plaque.
NECK AND CHEST:-
ABDOMEN:-
Palpate for masses, check for distension ,umbilical
or inguinal hernia and auscultate for bowel sound.
Contd……………………………….
FEET AND HANDS:-
The transverse palmar crease suggest down
syndrome. Observe number of digit and webbing
between the digit.
GENETALIA:-
In full term neonates, the labia majora and clitoris is
visible on separating labia. In male neonate, scrotum
is large, darkly pigmented & testis are descended.
Contd……………………………………
Eye should cleaned as soon as head is
delivered using sterile cotton dipped in sterile
water. Clean from inner canthus to outer canthus.
Thereafter medicated eye drops should instilled.
5. CARE OF EYES
The cord is clamped by two Kocher's
forceps, near one is placed 5cm away from
umbilicus and is cut in between. Leaving behind a
length of cord attached to naval.
6. CARE OF CORD
The newborn skin is delicate, so it should be
gently wiped off blood, mucous and secretions.
The practice of giving bath to baby at the time of
birth increase the risk of hypothermia.
7. CARE OF SKIN
A single IM dose of .5 – 1mg of vitamin K is given
to all newborn with in 6 hours of birth.
8. ADMINISTRATION OF VITAMIN K
Before the baby is transferred from labour room,
an identification band is placed to baby’s wrist or
leg, specifying name of mother , registration
number, date and time of birth and baby’s sex.
9. IDENTIFICATION OF BABY
All normal babies are transferred to mother and
nursed along with her in post-natal area.
Sick or risk babies are transferred to NICU.
10.TRANSFER
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