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ITM Shah Alam MALAYSIA
University of Lancaster ENGLAND
Universiti Utara Malaysia MALAYSIA
Universiti of Exeter ENGLAND
Universiti Utara Malaysia MALAYSIA
University of Saskatchewan CANADA
Universiti Sains Malaysia MALAYSIA
Multimedia Synergy Corporation MALAYSIA
Universiti Utara Malaysia MALAYSIA
LITERATURE
REVIEW No matter the context, LR is the central part of
the research process
HANDS-ON
Critiquing previously written literature
Refer HO1.
HANDS-ON REFER HO1
Critiquing a previously written literature
Co
mm
on
QUESTIONS FROM SUPERVISOR
What does THIS
literature shows us?
Co
mm
on
QUESTIONS FROM SUPERVISOR
How does this literature relates
to your topics?
What does THIS
literature shows us?
Co
mm
on
QUESTIONS FROM SUPERVISOR
How does this literature relates
to your topics?
What does THIS
literature shows us?
Connect your ideas to
the literature
A Collections of
SCHOLARLY WRITINGS on the topic
Books
Conference proceedings
Dissertations
Scholarly articles VIDEO- http://guides.lib.washington.edu/content.php?pid=55083&sid=1284098
Fundamental
Understand topic
Develop own idea & perspective on the problem
Demonstrate knowledge about the topic
FUNCTION of LR
Can you solve the JIGSAW?
How did you work to solve this puzzle?
What if you knew the BIG PICTURE in advance?
LR is a bit like putting the pieces of a large and complex jigsaw puzzle together without the benefit of a “picture on the box” to
indicate where the pieces might or should go!
LR IS A STORY You need to understand the current story before you continue
OVERVIEW LR IS AN
LR
GO
ES
ANNOTATED BEYOND BIBLIOGRAPHY
A GOOD LR
REVIEW METHODOLOGIES
different that researchers
use to investigate similar questions
Critically
A GOOD LR
REVIEW THEORY which will be needed for analysing results
Critically
A GOOD LR
USE RESULT of previous research to
the
a promising IDENTIFY DIRECTION for future research
REFER HO3
Mindmap on LR basics
HO
W
LITERATURE REVIEW IMPORTANT IS THE
HO
W T
O G
ET
STARTED TOPIC
RESEARCH
USE BRAIN
KEEP TRACK
WRITE
Choose, explore, focus
google scholar, digital library, IEEE xplore, ACM portal, annualreviews.org…
Read, take notes, shape ideas, analyse and critique…
Write-re-write,revise, proof-read + bibliography/reference
of citations
Work w
ith
BRAIN?
Work w
ith
BRAIN?
Work w
ith
BRAIN?
Work w
ith
BRAIN?
Work w
ith
BRAIN?
Work w
ith
BRAIN?
Work w
ith
BRAIN?
HANDS-ON
Critiquing previously written literature
Refer HO1.
HANDS-ON REFER HO4 & 5
Exercise on writing a simple literature from 3 articles’ snippets.
1. Form group 2. Read snippets 1,2,3 from HO4 3. Fill up the strengths & weaknesses 4. Write answer on the board 5. Analyse the answers, conclude in your own notebook 6. Answer HO5 – write your LR 7. One from each group-read the LR to all participant
HANDS-ON
Critiquing previously written literature
Refer HO1.
HANDS-ON REFER HO6, HO7 (log sheet)
Converting annotated bibliography into a compound LR
Use your own LR, now edit and change them
TH
E
CHAPTER
Explain area of interest, show connections, introduce concepts, methods of selecting of reviewed material
Guided by RQ
TF & CF
Concept A
Concept B
Concept C
(related to
method)
Develop
relationship,
own thoughts
& ideas
Use THESE
words/phrase
Explain area of interest, show connections, introduce concepts, methods of selecting of reviewed material
So r
ead
an
d w
rite
wit
h p
urp
ose
Guided by RQ
TF & CF
Concept A
Concept B
Concept C
(related to
method)
Develop
relationship,
own thoughts
& ideas
Use THESE
words/phrase
Explain area of interest, show connections, introduce concepts, methods of selecting of reviewed material
So r
ead
an
d w
rite
wit
h p
urp
ose
REFERENCES
Parenthetical citation
Guided by RQ
TF & CF
Concept A
Concept B
Concept C
(related to
method)
Develop
relationship,
own thoughts
& ideas
Use THESE
words/phrase
Summary of major themes & controversies Summary of strengths & weaknesses Summary that pulls together the entire review Insight into relationship between topics & larger field of discipline
Explain area of interest, show connections, introduce concepts, methods of selecting of reviewed material
So r
ead
an
d w
rite
wit
h p
urp
ose
REFERENCES
Parenthetical citation
A broader scope A narrower scope A similar focus/approach/tone A slightly different focus/approach/tone Adapts Breaks out the paradigm Bypasses the debate Confuses Contrary to Contributes to the research on Criticizes Elaborates Enters the debate Explores/investigates Goes beyond In a different sphere In agreement with In confirmation of In contrast to In line with In opposition to In reaction against In response to In the same vein Influenced by Linked to Misinterprets Misses More general More specific On one hand On the other hand Parallel to Related to Re-emphasizes the categories Reinforces Rejects Responds to Revisits the same subjects Revolutionizes the field of Supports Undermines
THESE WORDS/PHRASES are useful They express specific types of relationship between ideas
LITERATURE REVIEW NOTE ON
“To make my work looks GOOD, I have to make other people’s
work look BAD”
LITERATURE REVIEW NOTE ON
Warmly acknowledge
Be generous
“In his inspiring paper, Ali (2009) shows.... We develop his foundation in the following ways...”
Accurate
Be Highly SELECTIVE Ensure that they support our
points (RQs) Choose the most recent
Use correct formatting Do not try to impress by
over-referencing
LITERATURE REVIEW NOTES ON
& REFERENCING
40 CITE?
THE WORK HAS CREDIBILITY
CREDITS TO ORIGINAL AUTHORS
AVOID PLAGIARISM
Ign
oran
ce is not a
n excu
se.
41 STYLE
APA, IEEE, Harvard, MLA…
Author Date
Title of journal/book Title of work (if an article)
Publisher Place of Publication
REFERENCE
PARENTHETICAL CITATION/IN-TEXT CITATION
According to Jones & Alford (2005) and Westlow (2009), global warming is caused by the emissions from cans of spray cheese. Recent studies claim that global warming is caused by the emissions from cans of spray cheese (Jones & Alford, 2005; Westlow, 2009).
According to Jones and Alford (2005) and Westlow (2009), global warming is caused by the emissions from cans of spray cheese. OR Recent studies claim that global warming is caused by the emissions from cans of spray cheese (Jones & Alford, 2005; Westlow, 2009).
Jone, A. J. & Alford, K. (2005). Global warming and the current climate. Climate Trends. 25(3). 56-64.
Westlow, S. R. (2009). The world is warmer. New York:
Thomson.
REFER HO10
Least respected Most respected
TABLOIDS
Mingguan Wanita
POPULAR
Metro
Berita Harian
News straits
times
The Star
QUASI
Science
News
Solusi
PEER-REVIEWED
Journal
With impact factors
With SJR value
With Eigen Factor
With Copernicus value
…
TOOLS
free citation management software
http://www.zotero.org/
http:// www.citationcreation.com/apa/book.html
A tool for developing refrence list
http://www.noodletools.com/noodlebib/citeone_s.php?style=APA
http://citationmachine.net/index2.php
http://delicious.com
A bookmarking web service
THANK YOU
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