Give Thanks to Your Toilet

Nicola Greene

Introduction to Global Sanitation

Teaching Assistant

Humanitarian Engineering

Coventry University

Nicola.greene@gmail.com

@NicNakNoe

YOUR TOILET

GIVE THANKS TO

Talk Break Down

• Why Should we Give Thanks?

• The Global Sanitation Crisis

• Toilets of the Future

Why should we give thanks?

The most important invention for

human health EVER!

Introductory Video

Source:

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_R_vpNQ0fJc&list=PL38E7DD18426DB611

Diarrhoeal Disease

How bad is it?

• 2 million deaths per year (29% of under 5’s deaths)

= 18 Planes full of people every day

Why do people die?

• Essentially dehydration

What can we do?

• Improve water supply

• Improve (environmental) sanitation

• Improve hygiene & education

Water, sanitation and hygiene = WASH

*

The 5 f’s of sanitation

ANIMAL

HUMAN

*

1.2 billion people practice “open defecation”

including more than 1/2

of people in southern Asia

and more than 1/4 of

sub-Saharan Africa

No one wants to donate to toilets!

Disclaimer: WaterAid are great and do lots of sanitaiton work – this is just an example of

public perception

Source: http://www.wateraid.org/other/display/jean.php?cartID=UN0000,12/TAB,DRTV,12/TAB/01A

GLOBAL

SANITATION

CRISIS

Pour flush latrine

Images courtesy of the Water, Engineering and Development Centre @ Loughborough Uni – they have lots of great resources!

Images courtesy of the Water, Engineering and Development Centre @ Loughborough Uni – they have lots of great resources!

Raised latrine

Images courtesy of the Water, Engineering and Development Centre @ Loughborough Uni – they have lots of great resources!

Composting toilet

Hanging toilet

Components

of a

Sanitation System

INTAKE

Cleansing Material

Flushing

• Pour flush

• Flushing

• Throw sawdust/sand

• No flush

Emptying

• It doesn't need to be emptied

• Manually – bucket

• Suction pump

• Piped sewerage

Where will the waste go?

• Spread on fields as fertiliser

• Transported to wastewater treatment

facility (processed and back to water body)

• To dumping ground

• Indiscriminately disposed of

Photo courtesy of: Nicola Greene. Pictured: Kermi, Humla District Nepal in different weather conditions

Photo courtesy of: Nicola Greene. Pictured: Water collection in snow in Humla, Nepal

Photo courtesy of: Nicola Greene. Pictured: Water collection in snow in Humla, Nepal

Infrastructure

Safety

Usability

Gender

Disabled

Access

Access Acceptability

Handwashing

Sustainability

THE

SANITATION

ICEBURG

Socio-cultural

factors

Developed by Nicola Greene

More than 40% of WASH schemes fail to

deliver benefits in the long run.

Broken Tapstands

Unused

latrines

Broken Tap

No drainage

Source: www.scienceagainstpoverty.com/Resources/documentos/Programa/ppt

/d1/Ricard_Gine_ppt.pdf

Bad design more locally

http://www.smosh.com/smosh-pit/photos/15-awkward-bathroom-design-fails

Sanitation in the UK

Cycle of Waste

http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-

us-canada-19289228

Nicola Greene

nicola.greene@gmail.com

Twitter: @NicNakNoe