Chapter 18 Organizational Behavior 15ed

Organizational Change and

Stress Management

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Reporters:Dueñas, Maricar EladiaSalvo, Weena MaeHormillada, Meica Joyce

“It is not the strongest of the species thatsurvives, nor the most intelligent, but the one

most responsive to change.” - Charles Darwin

Forces for Change6 Specific forces stimulating

change18

Change- making things different

Planned Change-Activities that are proactive and purposeful: an intentional, goal

oriented activityThere are two goals of planned change:

Improve the ability of the organization to adapt to changes in its environment.Change employee behavior.

Change Agents- persons who act as catalyst and assume the responsibility for managing

change activities

Planned ChangeGoals of Planned Change:

Improving the ability of the organization to adapt to changes in its environment.

Changing the behavior of individuals and groups in the organization.

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Forms of Resistance to Change:-Overt and Immediate

• Voicing complaints, engaging in job actions-Implicit and Deferred

• Loss of employee loyalty and motivation, increased errors or mistakes, increase absenteeism

• Deferred resistance clouds the link between source and reaction

Resistance to Change 18

Resistance to Change 18

8. Coercion

Overcoming Resistance to Change 18

Eight Tactics1. Education and Communication2. Participation3. Building Support and Commitment4. Develop Positive Relationships5. Implementing Change Fairly6. Manipulate and Corporation7. Selecting People Who Accept Change

Politics suggests the impetus for change is more likely to come from outside change agents, employees new to the organization (who have less invested in the status quo), or managers slightly removed from the main power structure. Managers who have spent their entire careers with a single organization and achieved a senior position in the hierarchy are often major impediments to change.

The Politics of Change 18

Four main approaches to managing organizational change:1. Lewin’s classic three step model of the change process2. Kotter’s eight-step plan3. Action research4. Organizational development

Approaches to Managing Organizational Change

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Lewin’s Three-Step Model

3 STEPS

3 WAYS 1.

2.

3. Combine the first two approaches

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Action Research Is a change process based on systematic collection of data and then selection of

a change action based on what the analyzed data indicate. Consists of Five Steps:

1. Diagnosis

2. Analysis

3. Feedback

4. Action

5. Evaluation Two specific Benefits:

First, it’s problem focused.

Second, it reduces resistance to change.

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Organizational Development (OD) Is a collection of planned change interventions, built on humanistic-

democratic values, that seeks to improve organizational effectiveness and employee well-being.

The underlying values in most OD efforts:

1. Respect for people

2. Trust and support

3. Power equalization

4. Confrontation

5. Participation

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Organizational DevelopmentTechniques

Sensitivity Training Survey Feedback Process Consultation (PC) Team Building Intergroup Development Appreciative Inquiry (AI)

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Appreciative Inquiry consists of four steps:

1. Discovery2. Dreaming3. Design4. Destiny

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Creating a Culture for Change

Two ways of creating a culture for change:1. Stimulating an Innovative Culture2. Creating a learning organization

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Stimulating a Culture of Innovation Innovation- a new idea applied to initiating or improving a product,

process, or service.

A learning organization an organization that has developed the continuous capacity to adapt and change.

Single-loop learning

- a process of correcting errors using past routines and present policies. Double-loop learning

- A process of correcting errors by modifying the organization’s objectives, policies, and standard routines.

Creating a Learning Organization

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Five basic characteristics of a Learning Organization 18

Three fundamentals problems of traditional organizations:

FragmentationCompetitionReactiveness

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Managing Learning

What can managers do to make their firms learning organizations? Establish a strategy Redesign the organization’s structure Reshape the organization’s culture

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Work Stress and Its ManagementStress

- an unpleasant physiological process that occurs in response to environmental pressures Challenge stressors

• Stressors associated with workload, pressure to complete tasks, and time urgency.

Hindrance stressors• Stressors that keep you from reaching your goals.

Stress is associated with: Demands Resources

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“Men experience more job stress than women”

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Responsibly managing your own stress

Take breaksLet your supervisor know you’re

stressed.Detach yourself from work in your

off-time.

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Managing Stress 18

Individual Approaches A few of the best-known time-management principles

are:1.) making daily lists of activities to be accomplished2.) prioritizing activities by importance and urgency3.) scheduling activities according to the priorities set4.) knowing your daily cycle and handling the most demanding parts of your job when you are most alert and productive5.) avoiding electronic distractions like frequently checking e-mail, which can limit attention and reduce efficiency

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Organizational Approaches:Strategies include:

Selection and placementTrainingGoal-settingRedesigning jobsIncreasing employee involvementOrganizational communicationSabbaticalsWellness programs

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Implication for managers:

Consider that, as a manager, you are a change agent in your organization. The decisions you make and your role-modeling behaviors will help shape the organization’s change culture.

Your management policies and practices will determine the degree to which the organization learns and adapts to changing environmental factors.

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PRESENTATION FINISHED

ANY QUESTIONS…

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http://www.mindspeak.in/wp-content/uploads/2016/10/stress-management-better-for-life.jpg

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https://image.slidesharecdn.com/obch018-140531140430-phpapp01/95/organizational-behaviour-stephen-robbins-14ed-chapter-18-6-638.jpg?cb=1401547291

http://cdn2.hubspot.net/hub/315483/file-2385274908-jpg/discovery.jpg

http://www.livescience.com/images/i/000/086/099/original/daydreaming-coffee-shop-160914.jpg?interpolation=lanczos-none&downsize=553:*

https://storage.googleapis.com/cdn.omkarsoft.com/files/latest-images/Graphic-Design-and-Marketing-Perth.png

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Sources: 18

THANK YOU

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