Basic laws on the professionalization of teaching

Basic Laws on the Professionalization of

Teaching

DISCUSSANTS:Evangelista, Jasmin T.Forte, Jessica T. Galvan, JelianeEscalicas, Maricel

Basic Laws on the Professionalization of TeachingIn recognition of the vital role of a teachers in nation building and as an incentives to raise the morale of the teachers, it is imperative that they be considered as professionals and teaching be recognized as a profession.

On January 1, 1977 President decree 1006, entitled Providing for the Professionalization of Teachers, Regulating their Practice in the Philippines, otherwise known as the Decree Professionalizing Teaching was proclaimed. With this presidential proclamation, teaching became professionalized in the Philippines. The proclamation of PD 1006 was premised on the following:

1.’’the institutions of the country have relied upon … teachers whose direct and continuing interaction with the young people and the children make then potent forces for the development of proper attitudes among the citizenry.

2.the tremendous growth of the teaching population, comprising in the civil service sector alone more than 300,000 teachers deployed all over the country;

3. to insure that in the immediately and urgency of teacher recruitment, qualitative requirements are not overlooked, it has become necessary to regulate the teaching profession;

4. teaching requires a number of years of collegiate study, it is the only curse that is not yet considered a profession and

5. In recognition of the vital role of teachers in nation- building and as an incentive to raise the morale of teachers, it is imperative that they be considered as profession’’ ( PD 1006).

The Policy goals should be to ensure that all children have access to skillful teachers to make the teaching profession more attractive to talented young adults, and to produce humane intellectually lively learning communities for both students and teachers- Linda Darling- Hammond

• Teacher education be of the highest quality, & strongly oriented to Philippine conditions & to the needs & aspirations of the Filipino

people.• The examination for teachers was jointly given by the Civil Service

Commission and the Department of Education and Culture. Passers in the board examination were qualified for registration as

professional teachers and were given a Professional Teacher Certificate.

PRESIDENTIAL DECREE No. 1006 January 1, 1977

PROVIDING FOR THE PROFESSIONALIZATION OF TEACHERS, REGULATING THEIR PRACTICE IN THE

PHILIPPINES AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES

The Congressional Commission to Review and Assess Philippine Education (EDCOM) came out with finding that "the quality of Philippine Education is declining" and that teachers are "at the heart of the problem". EDCOM discussed further that:

• teachers are poorly trained.• there is low quality of students enrolled in teacher training.

• teaching is perceived as poorly esteemed profession so it does not attract the best as mandated in the

Philippine Constitution that "teaching will attract and retain its rightful share of the best available talents through adequate remuneration and other means of

job satisfaction and fulfillment" (Article XIV, Section 4(5).

Article 11, of R.A. No. 7836the Philippine Teachers Professionalization Act of

1994

• Declared the policy recognizing the vital role of teachers in nation building.

• The act created the Board for Professional Teachers, a collegial body under the general supervision and

administrative control of the PRC.

The dynamics of teaching is a continuous interaction of the teacher

and the learners, the learners with other learners-inside and beyond the

classrooms, in co-curricula and other school activities.

Dynamism in teaching would result to the acceptance of roles,

responsibilities and accountability of the teacher in the teaching-

learning process given the complexity and magnitude of the

Philippine educational system (Llagas, 2003).

Historical Perspective of the Philippine Educational System

Pre-Magellanic/ pre-Spanish education

Education was;• informal • unstructured • devoid of methods

>Children were provided more vocational training and less academics (3Rs) by their parents and in the houses of tribal tutors

Spanish education• Tribal tutors were replaced by Spanish Missionaries.

• Instruction was religion oriented.• Education was limited only for the elites• Established at least one primary school for boys and girls in

each town by the Decree of 1863.• Establishment of normal school for male teachers under the

supervision of the JESUITS.• Primary instruction was free.• Teaching of Spanish language was compulsory.• Education during that period was in adequate, suppressed

and controlled.

Education in the Revolutionary Government• Established the BURGOS INSTITUTE in Malolos, Military Academy of Malolos and Literary University of the Philippines.•Free and compulsory elementary education.

Education during the American Regime

• Chaplains and non-commissioned officers were assigned to teach using English as the medium of instruction. • Highly centralized public school system was installed by

Philippine Commission by virtue of Act No. 74• THOMASITES brought in the Philippines from USA.• High School was supported by the Governments.• The Philippine Legislature approved Act No. 1870 which

created the University of the Philippines.

Education during the Japanese Era• Taught Tagalog, Philippine History and Character Education.• Love for work and dignity of labour was emphasized.• 1994, Commission oh Higher Education (CHED) and the Technical

Education and skills Development Authority(TESDA) were established to supervise tertiary degrees, programs and non-degree technical-vocational programs.

• CHED is responsible for Higher Education In 2001 Republic Act 9155 or Government of Basic Education Act was passed transforming DECS to DepEd.

• The main goal is to provide the school age population and young adults with skills, knowledge, and values to become caring, self reliant, productive and patriotic citizens.

PRESIDENTIAL DECREE No.1006

Providing for the professionalization of teachers, regulating their practice in

the philippines and for other purposes.

WHERE AS, the Constitution provides that• “all educational institutions shall be under the

supervision of, and subject to regulation by, the state”,

and requires that • “the State shall establish and maintain a complete, adequate and integrated system of

education relevant to the goal of national development”.

WHERE AS, • In the pursuit of these objectives, the

Department of Education and Culture has adopted ways and means of overseeing all the educational institutions in the country.

WHERE AS, • this supervisory function of the DEC has

been primarily beamed towards insuring that the educational institutions inculcate in the studentry, love of the country, teach the duties of citizenship, and develop moral character, personal discipline, and scientific technological and vocational efficiency.

WHERE AS,• To implement these objectives, the institutions have replied

upon their teachers whose direct and continuing interaction with the young people and the children make them potent forces of the development of proper attitudes among the citizenry.

WHERE AS,• This accounts for the tremendous growth of the teaching

population, comprising in the civil service sector alone- more than 300,000 teachers deployed all over the country.

WHERE AS,• To insure that in the immediacy and urgency of the teacher

recruitment qualitative requirements are not overlooked it has become necessary to regulate the teaching profession.

WHERE AS,• In recognition of the vital role of the teachers in nation-

building and as an incentive to raise the morale of teachers, it is imperative that they be considered as professionals and teaching be recognized of a profession.

SECTION 1: Title SECTION 2: Declaration of policy SECTION 3: Definition of terms SECTION 4: Creation of the National Board of

Teacher SECTION 5: Powers and Duties SECTION 6: Qualification requirements for

examination applicants.

SECTION 7APPOINTMENT OF EXAMINERS

The Board shall appoint a set of examiners for every examination who are organized authority in teacher education and their names shall not be disclosed until after the release of results of the examinations.

Section 8Scope of the examination

The examination shall consist of written tests, the scope of which shall be determined by the Board, taking into consideration the teaching plan of the school legally constituted in the Philippines.

Section 9RATINGS OF THE Examination

In order that a candidate may be deemed to have successfully passed the examinations, he must have obtained a general average of at least 70 percent in all subjects with no rating below 50 percent in any subject.

Section 10Report of the results of examination

The examiners shall report the ratings obtained by each candidate to the Board within 150 days after the last day of the examination, unless extended by the latter.

Section 11Issuance of certificate

Teachers who have passed examinations given by the Civil Service Commission and the Department of Education and Culture shall be considered as having passed the board examination for teachers.

Section 12Registration

The Civil Service Commission shall, as an arm of the Board, register holders of Professional Teachers Certificate which registration shall evidence that the Registrant is entitled to all rights and privileges of a professional Teacher until and unless the certificate is suspended or cancelled by the Board for a just cause.

Section 13Reissuance of revoked certificate and replacement of

lost certificate

The Board may, for reason of equity and justice, and upon proper application therefore, issue another copy, original or duplicate, upon payment of the required fee, of a certificate, which has been revoked.

Section 14Registration of reciprocity

The Civil Service Commission shall, upon approval of the Board, effect the registration, without examination of a teacher validly registered under the law of any foreign state or country; Provided.

Section 15Prohibition

Three years after the effectivity of this Decree, no person shall engage in teaching and/or act as defined in the Decree, whether in the public or private elementary or secondary school, unless he is holder of a Professional Teacher Certificate or is considered a Professional Teacher under this Decree.

Section 16Penal provision

Any person who shall practice teaching without a valid Professional Teacher Certificate, or any person representing as his her own the certificate of another, or any person representing as his own the certificate of another, or any person giving any false or forged evidence on order to obtain for Professional Teacher Certificate or admission, or any person assuming himself a registered professional teachers or any person violating any provision of this Decree shall, be penalized by a fine or not less than One Thousand Pesos nor more than Five Thousand Pesos with subsidiary imprisonment or to suffer an imprisonment of not less than six months nor more two years, or both such fine and imprisonment at the discretion of the Court.

section 17Repealing clause

All Acts, Decree, Executive Orders, Administrative Orders, rules and regulations or parts thereof inconsistent with the provisions of this Decree and hereby repealed or modified accordingly.

Section 18Separability clause

In case any provision of this Decree or any portion thereof is declared unconstitutional by a competent court, other provision shall not be affected nearby.

Section 19Effectivity

This Decree shall take effect January 1, 1997.Done in the City of Manila, this 22nd day of September in the year of Our Lord, nineteen hundred and seventy six.

REPUBLIC ACT 7836Philippine Teachers Professionalization Act of 1994

Republic Act 7836

AN ACT TO STRENGTHEN THE REGULATION AND SUPERVISION OF THE PRACTICE OF

TEACHING IN THE PHILIPPINES AND PRESCRIBING A LICENSURE EXAMINATION

FOR TEACHERS AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES.

Republic Act 7836

ARTICLE I

ARTICLE I Republic Act 7836

SECTION 1. Short Title. — This Act shall be known as the "Philippine Teachers Professionalization Act of 1994.“

Sec. 2. Statement of Policy. — The State recognizes the vital role of teachers in nation-building and development through a responsible and literate citizenry.

Sec. 3. Objectives. — This Act has the herein objectives:

(a) The promotion, development and professionalization of teachers and the teaching profession; and

(b) The supervision and regularization of the licensure examination.

ARTICLE I Republic Act 7836

Sec. 4. Definition of Terms. — For purposes of this Act, the following terms shall mean:

(a) "Teaching" — refers to the profession concerned primarily with classroom instruction, at the elementary and secondary levels in accordance with the curriculum prescribed by the Department of Education, Culture and Sports, whether on part-time or full-time basis in the private or public schools.

ARTICLE I Republic Act 7836

ARTICLE I Republic Act 7836

Section 4. Definition of Terms

   (b) "Teachers" — refers to all persons engaged in teaching at the elementary and secondary levels, whether on full-time or part-time basis, including industrial arts or vocational teachers and all other persons performing supervisory and/or administrative functions in all schools in the aforesaid levels and qualified to practice teaching under this Act.

Section 4. Definition of Terms

(c) "Board" — refers to the Board for Professional Teachers duly established and constituted under this Act.

(d) "Commission" — refers to the Professional Regulation Commission.

ARTICLE I Republic Act 7836

ARTICLE I Republic Act 7836

ARTICLE II___________________________________

BOARD FOR PROFESSIONAL TEACHERS

ARTICLE II Republic Act 7836

Sec. 5 Creation and Composition of the Board

The Board is composed of five (5) members including the Chairman and the Vice-Chairman appointed by the President of the Philippines from among the recommendees chosen by the Commission.

ARTICLE II Republic Act 7836

Sec. 6 Duties and Function of the Board

The two most important duties of the Board:

Prescribe and/or adopt a code of ethical and professional standards for the practice of the teaching profession.

Look into the conditions affecting the practice of the teaching profession and whenever necessary, adopt such measures as may be deemed proper for the enhancement and maintenance of high professional and ethical standards of the profession;

ARTICLE II Republic Act 7836

Sec. 7. Term of Office. — The members of the Board shall hold office for a term of three (3) years from the date they assume office. No person who has served for two (2) consecutive terms shall be eligible for reappointment. The chairman or any member shall take his oath of office prior to the performance of his duties.

Sec. 8. Qualification of Board Members. — Each Board member must at the time of his appointment:

(a) Be a citizen and resident of the Philippines;

(b) Be at least thirty-five (35) years of age, of proven integrity, and possessed of high moral values;

(c) Be a holder of the degree of Bachelor of Arts or Bachelor of Science in Education and preferably a holder of a master's or doctorate degree in education, or their equivalents;

ARTICLE II Republic Act 7836

(d) Be a professional teacher with a valid certificate of registration and valid professional license;

(e) Has been a professional teacher in the active practice of the teaching profession for at least ten (10) years in the elementary and secondary level;

ARTICLE II Republic Act 7836

(f) Not an official or member of faculty of any university for at least 3 years prior to his appointment nor connected with a review center.

ARTICLE II Republic Act 7836

Sec. 9. Compensation of the Board.

Sec. 10. Supervision of the Board and Custodian of its Records. — The Board shall be under the supervision and control of the Commission.

Sec. 11. Secretariat and Support Services.

Sec. 12. Removal of a Board Member.

REPUBLIC ACT 9293

What is Republic act 9293?

“An act amending certain sections of RA 7836 otherwise known as the “Philippine Teachers Professionalization Act of1994”

Section 1. Section 15;(e) (3) of Republic Act No. 7836 is hereby amended as follows;

Section 15. Qualification Requirements of Applicants – No applicant shall be admitted to take the examination unless, on the date of filing of the application, he shall have complied with the following requirements:

(e) “A graduate of a school, college or university recognized by the government and possesses the minimum educational qualifications as follows:

1. For teachers in preschool, a bachelor’s degree in early childhood education (BECED) or its equivalent;

2. For teachers in the elementary grades,a bachelor’s degree in elementary education (BECED) or its equivalent;

3. For teachers in the secondary grades, bachelor’s degree in education or its equivalent with a major or minor, or a bachelor’s degree in arts and sciences with at least 18 units in professional education; and

4. For teachers of vocational and 2-year technical courses a bachelor’ degree in the field of specialization or its equivalent, with at least 18 units in professional education.

Section 2. Section 26 of the same act is hereby recommended to read as follows:

Section 26. Registration and Exception.– No person shall engage in teaching and or act as a professional teacher as defined in this Act, whether in the preschool, elementary or secondary level, unless a person is duly registered professional teacher, and a holder of valid special or temporary permit.

Upon approval of the application and payment of the prescribed fees, the certificate of registration and professional license as a professional teacher shall be issued without examination as required in this Act to a qualified applicant who is:

(a) A holder of a certificate of eligibility as a teacher issued by the Civil Service Commission and the DECS; or

(b) A registered professional teacher with the National Board for Teachers under the DECS pursuant to P.D. No. 0016.

Professional teachers who have not practiced their profession for the past 5 years shall take at least units of pedagogy and 6 units of content courses or the equivalent training and number of hours; to be chosen from a list of courses to be provided by the Board and the Department of Education, before they can be allowed to practice their profession in the country.

Those who have failed the licensure examination for the professional teachers, with a rating of not lower than five percentage points from the passing general average rating shall be eligible as para-teachers upon issuance by the Board of a two-year special permit, renewable for a non-extendible period of 2 years.

The para-teachers shall be assigned to areas where there is a shortage or absence of a professional teacher, as identified or provided by the Department of Education and the ARMM EDUCATION DEPARTMENT to the Board for Professional Teachers and to the Commission. The special permit shall indicate the area of assignment of the para-teacher.

A special permit may also be issued by the Board to a person who has excelled and gained international recognition and is a widely acknowledged expert in his or her respective field of specialization.

Section 3.Section 31 of the same Act is hereby amended to read as follows:

Section 31. Transitory Provision.--- Special Permits, with a validity of 3 and 5 years, issued to para-teachers by the Board for Professional Teachers before the effectivity of this Act shall be allowed to expire based on the period granted therein: Provided, That only special permit with a validity of 3 years may be renewed upon expiration for a non-extendible period of 2 years.

Section 4.

References to the Term.— “Department of Education, Culture and Sports”, in Section 4 (a) and Section 25, and the term “DECS” IN Section 20, of the same Act, are hereby amended to read as “Department of Education” and “DepEd”, respectively.

Section 5.

Separability Clause.—If for any reason, any section or provision of this Act or the application of such section or provision to any person or circumstance is declared unconstitutional or invalid, no other section or provision of this Act shall be affected thereby.

Section 6.

Repealing Clause.—All laws, decrees , circulars, administrative orders, rules and regulations and other issuances which are inconsistent with the provision of this Act are hereby repealed or modified accordingly.

Section 7.

Effectivity.– This Act shall take effect upon approval.Approved,

(Sgd.) JOSE DE VENECIA, JR.Speaker of the Houseof Representative

(Sgd.)FRANKLIN M. DRILONPresident of the Senate

This Act which is a consolidation of the Senate Bill No. 2698 and House Bill No. 5411 was finally passed by the Senate and the House of Representative on February 6, 2004 and February 7, 2004, respectively.

(Sgd.)ROBERTO P. NAZARENOSecretary General House of Representatives

(Sgd.) OSCAR G YABES Secretary of the Senate

Approved:(Sgd.) GLORIA MACAPAGAL-ARROYO President of the Philippines

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