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One way of assessing learners is by using Anecdotal Records.
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Anecdotal RecordsGrace I. Mait
What are Anecdotal Records?
Anecdotal Recordsa. Notes written by the teacher regarding student language behavior, or learning.
b. Where teachers document and describe significant daily events, and relevant aspects of student activity and progress.
c. Are taken during student activities or at the end of the day.
d. to provide information about students' development over an extended period of time.
e. to identify the instructional needs of students.
Purpose of Anecdotal Records
Purpose of Anecdotal Records
a. provide information regarding a student's development over a period of time
b. provide ongoing records about individual instructional needs
Purpose of Anecdotal Records
c. capture observations of significant behaviors that might otherwise be lost
Purpose of Anecdotal Records
d. provide ongoing documentation of learning that may be shared with students, parents and teachers.
Purpose of Anecdotal Records
Guidelines for Using Anecdotal Records
Guidelines for Using Anecdotal Records
a.Record the observation and the circumstance in which the learning experience occurs.
b. Make the task of daily note taking manageable by focusing on clearly defined objectives or purposes, and by identifying only few students to observe during a designated period of time.
c. Record data on loose leaf sheets and keep these in a three-ring binder with a page designated for each student and organized alphabetically.
d. Use adhesive note papers that can be attached to the student’s pages or recipe card files.
e. Design structured forms for collection of specific data.
Sample Anecdotal Records
Anecdotal RecordsAdvantages and Disadvantages
Advantages
Reasonably easy to do.Do not stop you from interacting with the child – can be recorded later.
Useful for planning and learning.You can focus on one area of development or skill at a time.
No special training needed for the observer.Observer can catch an unexpected incident no matter when it occurs, for it is usually recorded afterwards.
The observation can be used to focus specifically on the behaviors of interest.
Disadvantages
The observer’s involvement may influence the child’s behavior.
Relies on the memory of the observer.Some detail may be forgotten eg. Direct quotes.
Difficult to use for research purposes.The observer may overlook many crucial behaviors to focus on a specific behavior.
Why
Anecdotal
Records
Assessment?
Observing children in instructional settings
When attempting to record observations of children, two problems
emerged, limited time and how to compose quality records.
Classroom Situation
A teacher works with group of students, leading them on a discussion on a work of children’s literature. The students are making personal connections to the story, they are making insightful comments and asking probing questions. The lesson comes to a close just as the recess bell rings. The class files out the door to play.
Now what?
Why
Anecdotal
Records
Assessment?
Observing children in instructional settings
Observations are recorded before the moment is lost to short term memory
Observing children is done with thorough planning and preparation
Observation and recording of multiple features of student performance are done at glance
Anecdotal Records
Classroom Situation
Why
Anecdotal
Records
Assessment?
Writing quality anecdotal records
When attempting to record observations of children, many teachers write erroneous anecdotal records
Classroom Situation
Not observable: “Wrote a few sentences,” “read a lot,” “misspelled words many times,” “knows vocabulary,” or “understood the story.”
Observable: “Wrote 3 sentences,” “read for 5 minutes,” “misspell 6 words,” “defined vocabulary,” or “answer 2 comprehension questions.”
Why
Anecdotal
Records
Assessment?
Writing quality anecdotal records
Teacher’s Planning
Anecdotal Records
The teacher clarifies the word choice for observable records and undergoes forecasting
“Does the wording tell me what the student is doing?”
“Do I see the child matching words to pictures?”
Another set of questions deals with quantitative data.
“How many words were spelled correctly?
How many times did the student self-correct?
How much time did the student read independently?
Why
Anecdotal
Records
Assessment?
Managing anecdotal records
When handling on-going observations, teachers often squander on how to properly manage anecdotal records
Classroom Situation
Teachers often deal with anecdotal records as a mere document. After doing such it will be placed on the cabinet until eternity.
Once piled on paper, it remains untouched and invalidated.
Why
Anecdotal
Records
Assessment?
Managing anecdotal records
Proper management of anecdotal records can be done by a section for sorting observations into “Strengths” or “Needs.”
The next section allows for writing instructional recommendations based upon the child’s identified “Strengths” and “Needs.”
The final section is a boxed area for noting any special needs accommodations.
Anecdotal Records Assessment Form Student’s Name:______________________ Evaluator’s Name:_________________
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
Assessment Statement
Summary of Records:___________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ Recommendation of next steps:___________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________
Accommodation for special needs:
Why
Anecdotal
Records
Assessment?
Analysis of anecdotal records
The exploration of observations written in anecdotal records are difficult to be done if the teachers lacks knowledge on how to properly analyze written observations.
Classroom Situation
The teacher does not have a concrete standard that will serve as basis for comparison on the student’s performance.
She just creates her make belief analysis for the entire grading period.
Why
Anecdotal
Records
Assessment?
Analysis of anecdotal records
Anecdotal records allows teachers to compare the standards to the child’s performance.
The standards also inform the selection of strategies and activities for instructional recommendations.
Periodically, analyze the compiled records for each student.
The period of time between analyses may vary according to your own academic calendar.
1 Date: 9/26 Standard: Concepts about print: Identify author, illustrator and book features
2 Date: 9/30 Standard: Comprehension: Ask for clarification and explanation of stories and ideas. Organization and delivery of oral communication: Retell stories, including characters, setting and plots.
3 Date: 10/3 Standard: Vocabulary and concept development: Identify simple multiple-meaning words.
4 Date: 10/10 Standard: Written and oral English language conventions: Grammar: Identify and correctly use various parts of speech, including nouns and verbs, in writing and speaking.
5 Date: 10/17 Standard: Writing Applications: Write a brief narrative based on their experiences
6 Date: 10/21 Standard: Writing Applications: Write a brief narrative based on their experiences. Spelling: spell frequently used, irregular words correctly.
7 Date: 10/28 Standard: Vocabulary and concept development: Use knowledge of individual words in unknown compound words to predict their meaning. Vocab. & concept dev.: Identify simple multiple-meaning words.
8 Date: 11/5 Standard: Writing Applications: Write a brief narrative based on their experiences. Punctuation: Uses appropriate ending punctuation marks.
Source
• http://ftp.learner.org/workshops/teachreading35/pdf/anectodal_records.pdf• Language and Literature Assessment: A Comprehensive Guide• http://olc.spsd.sk.ca/de/1-4/1/Anecdotal.html• http://www.learnalberta.ca/content/mewa/html/assessment/
anecdotalnotes.html
QUIZTRUE OR FALSE
1. Anecdotal Records are Notes written by the teacher regarding student language behavior, or learning.
2. One of the purposes of using Anecdotal Records is to capture observations of significant behaviors that might otherwise be lost.
3. In making Anecdotal Records, the teacher must focus clearly on defined objectives or purposes and identify a lot of students to observe during a designated period of time.
4. Special training is badly needed for the observer.
5. When attempting to record observations of children, two problems emerge, limited time and how to compose quality records.
Answer Key
1. True2. True3. False4. False5. True
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