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Amoebic Dysentery
By: Shereen Malabonga Flores
Description
• Also known as Amoebiasis.
• Amoebic dysentery is an intestinal inflammation, especially in the colon, that can lead to severe diarrhea with mucus or blood in the feces.
Causes
• Amoebic dysentery is caused by the parasite Entamoebahistolytica,
• found in contaminated food and drinks.
Epidemiologic Background
• Commonly found in less developing countries.
• Travellers to countries with poor sanitation are at greater risk of contracting the disease.
• It can affect any one young or old of either sex.
Risk Factors
• Alcoholism
• Cancer
• Malnutrition
• Older or younger age
• Pregnancy
• Recent travel to a tropical region
• Use of corticosteroid medication to suppress the immune system
Signs and Symptoms
Mild symptoms:
• Abdominal cramps
• Diarrhea
• Fatigue
• Excessive gas
• Rectal pain while having a bowel movement (tenesmus)
• Unintentional weight loss
Signs and Symptoms
Severe symptoms:
• Abdominal tenderness
• Bloody stools
• Fever
• Vomiting
Complications
• Liver abscess
• Medication side effects, including nausea
• Spread of the parasite through the blood to the liver, lungs, brain, or other organs
Treatment
• Metronidazole is given by mouth for 10 days.
• This is followed by Paromomycin or Diloxanide.
• If you are vomiting, you may need to medications through a vein (intravenously) until you can take them by mouth.
Test and Examinations
• Examination of the abdomen may show liver enlargement or tenderness in the abdomen.
Tests include:
• Blood test for amebiasis
• Examination of the inside of the lower large bowel (sigmoidoscopy)
• Stool test
• Microscope examination of stool samples, usually over several days.
THANK YOU!
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