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GENERATION OF Mobile Phone
4G3G
2G1G
0G
2.5G
5G
PRESENTED BY:NILESH RAHMATKAR(57)SHEKHAR TEKADE(67)DHEERAJ MALVIYA(77)
0G (Mobile Radio Telephone System)
• Pre-cellular system• Half-Duplex communication• Use in vehicles• Only 25 channels available• 20Km range
0G (Mobile Radio Telephone System)
1G
• First-generation wireless communication technology standards
• Originated in the 80’s• Analog signal (AMPS)• Low reach• Low bit-rate (9600 bps)• High interference• Low traffic capacity• “Brick” Phones - 5 kg weight, battery last
30 minutes of conversation
Security Issues with 1G.
• Analog cellular phones are insecure.
• Anyone with an all-band radio receiver can listen in to the conversation.
DRAWBACKS:
• 1G Poor voice quality• Poor battery life• Large phone size• No security• Frequent call drops• Limited capacity • Poor handoff reliability.
2G• First great update on mobile
communication• Introduced in the 90’s• Fully digital network• GSM – first standard• Better voice encoding
2G
DRAWBACKS OF 2G
• First great update on mobile communication
• Introduced in the 90’s• Fully digital network• GSM – first standard• Better voice encoding
2.5G• GPRS - Newer and better bandwidth technology
• Bit-rate: 114 kbps
• Working on the basis of emails, it sends text and graphics-rich data as packets at very fast speed.
Intermediate technologies: 2G3GNewer and better bandwidth technologies
DRAWBACKS
• The problem, however, was that much of the digital network was implemented for, or overlaid onto, proprietary networking equipment.
• Taken together, 2G and 2.5G technologies are far from seamless.
• both systems offer digital voice at a relatively low speed with very little bandwidth left over for data.
3G• WCDMA technology (384kbps)
• Wide band wireless network
• Packet switching
• Global roaming
• Fast communication, internet access, mobile TV, gaming…
• Voice quality comparable to the public switched telephone network.
• 144 Kbps data rate available to users in high-speed motor vehicles over large areas
• 384 Kbps available to pedestrians standing or moving slowly over small areas
• Support for 2.048 Mbps for office use
DRAWBACKS:
• High bandwidth requirement
• High spectrum licensing fees
• Huge capital
4G
• Characterised by high-speed data rates.• In 4G the download speed is up to 100 Mbps
for moving users and 1 Gbps for stationary users
• Used instead of CDMA
• Lower cost than previous generations
Technology 3G 4G
Data Transfer Rate 3.1MB /sec 100MB/sec
Internet services Broadband Ultra Broadband
Mobile -TV Resolution
Low High
Bandwidth 5 - 20 MHz 100 +MHz
Frequency 1.6- 2 GHZ 2 – 8 GHz
Network Architecture
Wide Area Network Hybrid Network
DIFFERENCE BETWEEN 3G & 4G
ADVANTAGES OF 4G
• Affordable communication services. • High speed,high capacity and low cost per bit. • Support for interactive multimedia, voice ,
streaming video, Internet and other broadband services.
DRAWBACKS IN 4G
• SMS - very low rate, highly delay-tolerant & requires more reliability than voice
• E-mail - very low rate, highly delay-tolerant & requires more reliability.
5G
• 5G is next major phase of mobile telecommunications standards
beyond the 4G• 10 times more capacity and broadband capabilities than other • Expected speed 1GB/S
FEATURES OF 5G
• Bi-directional large bandwidth.• Large broadcasting.• Less traffic.• 25 Mbps connectivity speed.
Hardware & Software of 5G
ADVANTAGES OF 5G
• Data BW of 1 Gbps or higher• Globally accessible• Dynamic information access
Applications of 5G
• Wearable devices with AI (Artificial Intelligence) capabilities
• 5G i-phones • Media independent handover
AQ&
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