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Simply put, descriptive statistics describe the features of a data set using numerical measures. And that’s it!
Simply put, descriptive statistics describe the features of a data set using numerical measures. And that’s it!Here’s an example
Mrs. Graham’s 5th Grade Class
Scores on Spelling Test
Bella 43
Betty 45
Bobby 32
Bonnie 45
Booker 38
Boston 45
Botania 50
Boyle 45
Bunder 31
She will base her answers off of a class
data set.
Mrs. Graham’s 5th Grade Class
Scores on Spelling Test
Bella 43
Betty 45
Bobby 32
Bonnie 45
Booker 38
Boston 45
Botania 50
Boyle 45
Bunder 31
Data
She will base her answers off of a class
data set.
Mrs. Graham’s 5th Grade Class
Scores on Spelling Test
Bella 43
Betty 45
Bobby 32
Bonnie 45
Booker 38
Boston 45
Botania 50
Boyle 45
Bunder 31
Data
Set
She will base her answers off of a class
data set.
Here are the parent’s questions with Mrs. Graham’s answers
Mrs. Graham’s 5th Grade Class
Scores on Spelling Test
Bella 43
Betty 45
Bobby 32
Bonnie 45
Booker 38
Boston 45
Botania 50
Boyle 45
Bunder 31
Mrs. Graham’s 5th Grade Class
Scores on Spelling Test
Bella 43
Betty 45
Bobby 32
Bonnie 45
Booker 38
Boston 45
Botania 50
Boyle 45
Bunder 31
What was Bobby’s score?
Mrs. Graham’s 5th Grade Class
Scores on Spelling Test
Bella 43
Betty 45
Bobby 32
Bonnie 45
Booker 38
Boston 45
Botania 50
Boyle 45
Bunder 31
Mrs. Graham’s 5th Grade Class
Scores on Spelling Test
Bella 43
Betty 45
Bobby 32
Bonnie 45
Booker 38
Boston 45
Botania 50
Boyle 45
Bunder 31
32
Mrs. Graham’s 5th Grade Class
Scores on Spelling Test
Bella 43
Betty 45
Bobby 32
Bonnie 45
Booker 38
Boston 45
Botania 50
Boyle 45
Bunder 31
Out of how many
possible?
Mrs. Graham’s 5th Grade Class
Scores on Spelling Test
Bella 43
Betty 45
Bobby 32
Bonnie 45
Booker 38
Boston 45
Botania 50
Boyle 45
Bunder 31
50
Mrs. Graham’s 5th Grade Class
Scores on Spelling Test
Bella 43
Betty 45
Bobby 32
Bonnie 45
Booker 38
Boston 45
Botania 50
Boyle 45
Bunder 31
What were the highest and lowest
scores?
Mrs. Graham’s 5th Grade Class
Scores on Spelling Test
Bella 43
Betty 45
Bobby 32
Bonnie 45
Booker 38
Boston 45
Botania 50
Boyle 45
Bunder 31
Highest 50,Lowest 31
Mrs. Graham’s 5th Grade Class
Scores on Spelling Test
Bella 43
Betty 45
Bobby 32
Bonnie 45
Booker 38
Boston 45
Botania 50
Boyle 45
Bunder 31
What was the class average?
Mrs. Graham’s 5th Grade Class
Scores on Spelling Test
Bella 43
Betty 45
Bobby 32
Bonnie 45
Booker 38
Boston 45
Botania 50
Boyle 45
Bunder 31
About 42
Mrs. Graham’s 5th Grade Class
Scores on Spelling Test
Bella 43
Betty 45
Bobby 32
Bonnie 45
Booker 38
Boston 45
Botania 50
Boyle 45
Bunder 31
What was the most common
score?
Mrs. Graham’s 5th Grade Class
Scores on Spelling Test
Bella 43
Betty 45
Bobby 32
Bonnie 45
Booker 38
Boston 45
Botania 50
Boyle 45
Bunder 31
45
Mrs. Graham’s 5th Grade Class
Scores on Spelling Test
Bella 43
Betty 45
Bobby 32
Bonnie 45
Booker 38
Boston 45
Botania 50
Boyle 45
Bunder 31
Look’s like Bobby
needs more study time!
Mrs. Graham’s 5th Grade Class
Scores on Spelling Test
Bella 43
Betty 45
Bobby 32
Bonnie 45
Booker 38
Boston 45
Botania 50
Boyle 45
Bunder 31
That’s probably a good idea.
Mrs. Graham’s 5th Grade Class
Scores on Spelling Test
Bella 43
Betty 45
Bobby 32
Bonnie 45
Booker 38
Boston 45
Botania 50
Boyle 45
Bunder 31
Mrs. Graham’s 5th Grade Class
Scores on Spelling Test
Bella 43
Betty 45
Bobby 32
Bonnie 45
Booker 38
Boston 45
Botania 50
Boyle 45
Bunder 31
Back to our definition:
Mrs. Graham’s 5th Grade Class
Scores on Spelling Test
Bella 43
Betty 45
Bobby 32
Bonnie 45
Booker 38
Boston 45
Botania 50
Boyle 45
Bunder 31
descriptive statistics describe the features of a data set using
numerical measures
Mrs. Graham’s 5th Grade Class
Scores on Spelling Test
Bella 43
Betty 45
Bobby 32
Bonnie 45
Booker 38
Boston 45
Botania 50
Boyle 45
Bunder 31
descriptive statistics describe the features of a data set using
numerical measures
Data Set
Mrs. Graham’s 5th Grade Class
Scores on Spelling Test
Bella 43
Betty 45
Bobby 32
Bonnie 45
Booker 38
Boston 45
Botania 50
Boyle 45
Bunder 31
descriptive statistics describe the features of a data set using
numerical measures
Data Set
Numerical Measures
Mrs. Graham’s 5th Grade Class
Scores on Spelling Test
Bella 43
Betty 45
Bobby 32
Bonnie 45
Booker 38
Boston 45
Botania 50
Boyle 45
Bunder 31
descriptive statistics describe the features of a data set using
numerical measures
Data Set
Numerical Measures
Highest to Lowest Score – THE RANGE
Most Common Score – THE MODE
Average Score – THE MEAN
Etc.
• While descriptive statistics focus on describing a data set,
• Inferential statistics aims to draw conclusions about a larger group (called a population),
• based on what is happening with a smaller group (called a sample).
• Inferential statistics studies a statistical sample, and from this analysis is able to say something about the population from which the sample came.
Now for Inferential statistics!
• While descriptive statistics focus on describing a data set,
• Inferential statistics aims to draw conclusions about a larger group (called a population),
• based on what is happening with a smaller group (called a sample).
• Inferential statistics studies a statistical sample, and from this analysis is able to say something about the population from which the sample came.
• While descriptive statistics focus on describing a data set,
• Inferential statistics aims to draw conclusions or INFER about a larger group (called a population),
• based on what is happening with a smaller group (called a sample).
• Inferential statistics studies a statistical sample, and from this analysis is able to say something about the population from which the sample came.
• While descriptive statistics focus on describing a data set,
• Inferential statistics aims to draw conclusions or INFER about a larger group (called a population),
• based on what is happening with a smaller group (called a sample).
• Inferential statistics studies a statistical sample, and from this analysis is able to say something about the population from which the sample came.
• While descriptive statistics focus on describing a data set,
• Inferential statistics aims to draw conclusions or INFER about a larger group (called a population),
• based on what is happening with a smaller group (called a sample).
• INFERential statistics studies a statistical sample, and from this analysis is able to say something about the population from which the sample came.
Mrs. Graham’s 5th Grade Class
Scores on Spelling Test
Bella 43
Betty 45
Bobby 32
Bonnie 45
Booker 38
Boston 45
Botania 50
Boyle 45
Bunder 31
How does your class compare with other 5th grade classes: In the school?
Mrs. Graham’s 5th Grade Class
Scores on Spelling Test
Bella 43
Betty 45
Bobby 32
Bonnie 45
Booker 38
Boston 45
Botania 50
Boyle 45
Bunder 31
About the same
Mrs. Graham’s 5th Grade Class
Scores on Spelling Test
Bella 43
Betty 45
Bobby 32
Bonnie 45
Booker 38
Boston 45
Botania 50
Boyle 45
Bunder 31
What about other 5th
grade classes:
In the district?
Mrs. Graham’s 5th Grade Class
Scores on Spelling Test
Bella 43
Betty 45
Bobby 32
Bonnie 45
Booker 38
Boston 45
Botania 50
Boyle 45
Bunder 31
A little better
Mrs. Graham’s 5th Grade Class
Scores on Spelling Test
Bella 43
Betty 45
Bobby 32
Bonnie 45
Booker 38
Boston 45
Botania 50
Boyle 45
Bunder 31
What about other 5th
grade classes:
In the State
Mrs. Graham’s 5th Grade Class
Scores on Spelling Test
Bella 43
Betty 45
Bobby 32
Bonnie 45
Booker 38
Boston 45
Botania 50
Boyle 45
Bunder 31
We are higher
Mrs. Graham’s 5th Grade Class
Scores on Spelling Test
Bella 43
Betty 45
Bobby 32
Bonnie 45
Booker 38
Boston 45
Botania 50
Boyle 45
Bunder 31
What about other 5th
grade classes:
In the Country
Mrs. Graham’s 5th Grade Class
Scores on Spelling Test
Bella 43
Betty 45
Bobby 32
Bonnie 45
Booker 38
Boston 45
Botania 50
Boyle 45
Bunder 31
We are much higher
Mrs. Graham’s 5th Grade Class
Scores on Spelling Test
Bella 43
Betty 45
Bobby 32
Bonnie 45
Booker 38
Boston 45
Botania 50
Boyle 45
Bunder 31
Looks like your class does not represent
the national population
and is probably
doing better.
Maybe Bobby
doesn’t have to study as
much?
Mrs. Graham’s 5th Grade Class
Scores on Spelling Test
Bella 43
Betty 45
Bobby 32
Bonnie 45
Booker 38
Boston 45
Botania 50
Boyle 45
Bunder 31
Maybe.
Mrs. Graham’s 5th Grade Class
Scores on Spelling Test
Bella 43
Betty 45
Bobby 32
Bonnie 45
Booker 38
Boston 45
Botania 50
Boyle 45
Bunder 31
A descriptive study examines the data from everyone in a group or population.A descriptive study cannot generalize to other like groups or populations.An inferential study examines the data from a sample and then generalizes the conclusions about that group to a larger population.
In summary -
A descriptive study examines the data from everyone in a group or population.A descriptive study cannot generalize to other like groups or populations.An inferential study examines the data from a sample and then generalizes the conclusions about that group to a larger population.
A descriptive study examines the data from everyone in a group or population.A descriptive study cannot generalize to other like groups or populations.An inferential study examines the data from a sample and then generalizes the conclusions about that group to a larger population.
A descriptive study examines the data from everyone in a group or population.A descriptive study cannot generalize to other like groups or populations.An inferential study examines the data from a sample and then generalizes the conclusions about that group to a larger population.
A descriptive study examines the data from everyone in a group or population.A descriptive study cannot generalize to other like groups or populations.An inferential study examines the data from a sample and then generalizes the conclusions about that group to a larger population.
Note – inferential and descriptive studies use the SAME statistics (e.g., mean, range, mode, etc.), but as you can see – for DIFFERENT reasons!
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