1.3 project management process groups & knowledge areas 1

Process Groups And Knowledge Areas

Managing Real Estate Project Means Managing Complexities

Construction projects often involve a large number of activities that create several interfaces example Technical interface Organisational interface Professional interface Knowledge interface Stage interface

Many To Many Relationships

The Complexities Are Multi Directional

Horizontal Complexity : Different knowledge Areas

Vertical Complexity : Processes & Process Groups

Advantages Of Integral Approach To Manage Complexities

Proactive complexity management Fewer variations from the agreed plan The establishment and maintenance of good relationships

among all parties Project success for all parties involved in the project Better value for money for builder. Subcontractor and for

customer

Process Management

A process is a set of interrelated actions and activities.

Project Management Best Practices Has Identified 47 Key Processes For Effective Project Management

Each process is characterized by its inputs, the tools and techniques that can be applied and the resulting output (Called ITTOs)

The Project Processes Fall Into One Of Two Major Categories

Project management processes: These processes ensure the effective flow of the project throughout its life cycle.

Product oriented processes : These processes specify and create the project’s product. These processes vary by application areas as well as the phase of product life cycle.

Characteristics of Project Management Processes

Ensure the effective flow of the project

Apply globally and across industry groups

Iterative, repeated during the project & PLC

Output becomes an input to another process or is a deliverable

of the project

Processes are linked by their inputs & outputs

A change to one process can affect other process

Project Tailoring : The process of deciding which processes to be used in a specific project to what extent.

Theses are the logical groups in which project management process is divided.

There are Five process groups as per best practice framework for real estate project management.

Initiating Process Group

Planning Process Group

Executing Process Group

Monitoring and Controlling Process Group

Closing Process Group

Project Management Process Groups

The five Process Groups have dependencies

Typically performed in the same sequence

They are independent of application areas or industry focus.

The constituent processes can have interactions

The nature of these interactions varies from project to project and may or may not be performed in a particular order.

Process groups are not phases

Project Management Process Groups

Project Management Process Groups

FeasibilityAppoint Architect Project Manager

Building PlanEstimation FundingGovt Approval

ConstructionSub-contractor managementCommissioning Managing ResourcesManaging Changes

Completion CertificateContract ClosureAdministrative ClosureHand Over

Project Management Process Groups

Project Management ProcessesMany To Many Relationships Exist Among Processes & Process Groups

Project Management Process GroupsProject Manager Should Carefully Manage Project Boundaries

Process Groups Need To Be Repeated In Each Phase

Buy-in on project feasibility & aims/objectives by all key stake holders

Buy-in on high level cost price and sales prices

Building concept and market positioning should be ready

Land acquisition and partnership deals if any finalized

Project manager should be assigned

Construction project or phase objectives decided

Complete high level identification of all the stakeholder needs

Define the milestones and success criteria

Identify the order of magnitude (high level) budget

Ensure that the project is aligned with the organizations strategic goals

Initiating Process Group

Involves the architectural and engineering design of the entire project.

The main output here is various strategies and baselines for achieving scope, schedule and cost

Supplementary plans like quality management communication management, risk management and procurement management etc should be ready

Unless the project is very small, the plan details will be fairly high level these are refined as the project moves through its various phases or stages. This is called rolling wave planning

Planning Process Group

Refers to the ordering, delivering and expending key project equipment and materials

Construction, the process of physically erecting the project and putting the materials and equipment into place.

Collecting work performance data for quality assurance

To ensure appropriate staff are assigned at right time

Conflict resolution and problem solving among contractors

Managing procurement contracts negotiation & management

The risk and issue management and take corrective and preventative actions

Executing Process Group

Monitoring the construction activities against plans and baselines.

Controlling unauthorised and unplanned changes

Quality control, recommending corrective or preventive action

Communicating the status of the project to all relevant stakeholders

Monitoring and controlling risks

If the project includes procurements then these would need to be administered & controlled

Monitoring And Controlling Process Group

Obtain acceptance by customer to formally close project or phase.

Handover property to owners

Conduct post project review with key stakeholders

Document lesions learned

Archive all relevant project documents

Close all procurement activities and payments to subcontractors

Release project resources

Closing Process Group

A knowledge area basically refers to an area of specialization which includes a set of concepts, key words and activities specific to that particular field of project management.

The 47 project management processes are grouped into 10 knowledge areas.

Knowledge Areas

Project Knowledge Areas

Seven major sources of problems in the project management knowledge areas

1. Schedule

2. Priorities

3. Resources

4. Technical opinions

5. Administrative procedures

6. Cost

7. Personalities

Process Tailoring : Focus On Problem Areas

Knowledge Areas Management Strategy IssuesIntegration Management ManageScope Management TrackTime ManagementCost Management ManageQuality ManagementPeople Management Watch ListCommunication ManagementRisk ManagementProcurement ManagementStakeholder Management Manage

There are main three interdependent constraints for every project; time, cost, and scope. This is also known as Project Management Triangle

Triple Constraints Of Project Management

Manage these or they will manage you!

Trainings by Vidya Bhagwat

04 Integration Management : One View For Project Success

Next Chapter