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Auditory Smell and Taste Signal Processing
Sound
Sound wave
The Audible Spectrum
External ear: sound boosting at 3Khz
Middle ear: Impedance Matching
Masking
Attenuation of Sound by Contraction of the Tensor Tympani and Stapedius Muscles
The Inner Ear (Cochlea)
Basilar Membrane and Resonance in the Cochlea
Transmission of Sound Waves in the Cochlea
Pattern of Vibration of the Basilar Membrane
The Organ of Corti
Excitation of the Hair Cells
Hair Cell Receptor Potentials
Innervation of the organ of Corti
Auditory Pathway
Integrating Information from the Two Ears
Determination of Direction of Sound
The Auditory Cortex
Discrimination of Sound “Patterns” by the Auditory Cortex
Auditory Evoked Response
BAEP
Organization of the human olfactory system
A) Peripheral and central components of the olfactory pathway.
B) (B) Enlargement of region boxed in (A) showing the relationship between the olfactory epithelium,
C) containing the olfactory receptor neurons, and the olfactory bulb (the central target of olfactory receptor neurons
Olfactory Perception in Humans
The Olfactory Epithelium and Olfactory Receptor Neurons
The Transduction of Olfactory Signals
Olfactory System
(C) Diagram of the basic pathways for processing olfactory information.
(D) Central components of the olfactory system.
Physiological and Behavioral Responses to Odorants
Taste System
The Organization of the Taste System
Transduction of Taste Signals
Central Processing of Taste Signals
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