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Zoning Process
For Government of Seychelles Marine Spatial Planning Initiative9 July 2014
Technical Working Group Meeting
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Marine zoning
• Method to delineate areas of the coastal and marine environment for specific activities in time and/or space.
– Alleviate competition and conflict
Agardy, T. 2012. Ocean Zoning: Making ocean management more effective. Routledge. 240 pp.
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Zoning
Zoning – legislated, Parliamentary Act, etc.
zoning – policy guidance, management tool
Photo: EnviroFishAfrica.com
Photo: MightyTours.com
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Zoning Approaches
Use based• Historic patterns and status quo• Single or multiple divisions – “tourism zone”• Dominant use is featured
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Zoning Approaches
Ecologically based• Relative ecological importance• Allocate intensive uses in impacted areas• Uses transition and buffers
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Zoning Approaches
Objective based• Determine highest or best use• Broad or descriptive divisions – “multi-use”• Provisions allow or preclude uses
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Benefits*
• Protect sensitive or vulnerable ecosystem types• Conserve heritage and cultural areas• Increase certainty for existing uses and activities. • Build efficiencies in marine-use decisions.• Reduce or minimise conflicts between marine users.• Recommend spatial locations for new or future economic
activities.• Recommend spatial locations for marine protection• Provide policy guidance for resource managers• Improve marine governance
*depending on the scale
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Challenges
• Technical, legal and political complexities• Competing interests and conflicting values• Long timelines for formalising• Dynamic ecosystem• Property rights and ownership discussions
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“Good practices” for zoning
• Set clear objectives for zoning• Clearly differentiate zone types• Build on existing zoning efforts• Respect existing laws and regulations • Educate and inform people build buy in
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“Good practices” for zoning
• Weigh simplicity against complexity• Small number of zones• Develop non-overlapping zones• Use straight lines for zone boundaries• Consider intensity and frequency of uses• Use a diversity of knowledge bases
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Zoning Example – St Kitts and Nevis, Caribbean
Five Zones:Conservation ZoneFisheries ZoneMultiple Use – Fishing, ConservationMultiple Use – Tourism, Fishing, Conservation Multiple Use – Transportation, Tourism, Fishing, Conservation
Hybrid of “use” and “objective” based zoning
Pros:2 “use” zones reflect the primary activity
Con: 3 “objective” zones, same names - different objectives
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Zoning Example –British Columbia
General Management ZoneSpecial Management ZoneProtection Management Zone
“Objective” based zoning
Pros:Each zone is distinct
Con: 2 zone names are ambiguous
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DRAFT Zoning Process for Seychelles1. Review existing plans, literature, guidelines 2. Review global “lessons learned”3. Gather and review data layers4. Zoning process 5. Scale and scope6. Objectives7. Approach, types and names 8. Criteria for defining the spatial extents9. Develop spatial and non-spatial tools10. Analyse information and data11. Draft zones, management objectives and directions12. Review and discuss13. Assess, review and adjust
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DRAFT Zoning Process for Seychelles1. Review existing plans, literature, guidelines 2. Review global “lessons learned”3. Gather and review data layers4. Zoning process 5. Scale and scope6. Objectives7. Approach, types and names 8. Criteria for defining the spatial extents9. Develop spatial and non-spatial tools10. Analyse information and data11. Draft zones, management objectives and directions12. Review and discuss13. Assess, review and adjust
underway
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DRAFT Zoning Objectives• Reduce spatial conflicts among uses • Identifying management directions for all uses• Provide overall guidance for resource managers -
business certainty and business efficiency• Identify areas for enhanced management for cultural,
ecological, and social objectives
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