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MEASLES PROFILE IN BARANGAY MATINA CROSSING

DAVAO CITY

TOCAO, XYLIA SAHARAUBALDO, CEASAR BENJAMIN

DAVAO MEDICAL SCHOOL FOUNDATIONBAJADA, DAVAO CITY

COLLEGE OF MEDICINE

OUTLINEChapter I

Background of the Study

Review of Literature

Objective

Significance of the Study

BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

•Measles is one of the leading causes of death among young children

•Rubeola virus

•2012: 122, 000 measles deaths globally

•About 330 deaths every day or 14 deaths every hour  (WHO)

•MDG 4: To reduce child mortality

•Given that measles vaccination coverage can be considered a marker of access to child health services, routine measles vaccination coverage has been selected as an indicator of progress towards achieving the MDG.

BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

•1998 : Philippines and 10-year mass measles vaccination program

•DOH ‘s National Epidemiology Center (NEC) : 1,724 measles

cases, including 21 deaths from Jan. 1 to Dec. 14, 2013

•Health Assistant Secretary Eric Tayag :

•Single measles case can infect up to 18 other individuals

•The illness can kill because of pneumonia, acute diarrhea with severe

dehydration or acute encephalitis

•

•Davao

•DOH :Measles outbreak

•CHO:226 cases of measles since December 2013 to February 20 ,2014

•Door to door measles vaccination

BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

•THE FEAT OF VACCINES

•Well-crafted vaccines have eradicated or at least prevented many communicable diseases such as poliomyelitis, hepatitis and influenza.

•Geographic, demographic, socio-economic and biologic factors greatly contribute to the susceptibility of human beings to diseases resulting to great infirmity and disability.

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

•THE FEAT OF VACCINES

•1796: Edward Jenner made use of material from cowpox pustules to provide protection against smallpox (TCPP, 2014).

•1879: Louis Pasteur had created the first laboratory-developed vaccine for chicken cholera. (TCPP, 2014).

•1885, the rabies vaccine by Pasteur was the next to make an impact on human disease (TCPP, 2014).

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

•THE FEAT OF VACCINES•Medical innovations and technologic advancements rapidly followed at the dawn of bacteriology

• 1930s: Antitoxins and vaccines against diphtheria, tetanus, anthrax, cholera, plague, typhoid, tuberculosis, and more were developed

•20th century was the peak time for vaccine research and development (TCPP, 2014)recombinant DNA technology a novel delivery techniques

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

THE FIRST MEASLES VACCINE

•1954: Enders and pediatrician Thomas Peebles

•`11-year-old boy David Edmonston: Edmonston strain

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

Measles

•Measles remains a common disease

Over the past years, measles or rubeola has become one of the most contagious infectious diseases with at least a 90% secondary infection rate in susceptible domestic contacts (Chen, 2013).

Measles account for approximately 50% of the 1.6 million deaths caused each year by vaccine-preventable childhood diseases (Chen, 2013).

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

Measles

• Most measles-related deaths are caused by complications associated with the disease.

• The most serious complications include blindness, encephalitis (an infection that causes brain swelling), severe diarrhoea and related dehydration, ear infections, or severe respiratory infections such as pneumonia (de Swart, 2006).

Pics from Nickson, 2006

Many studies associate measles to other aspects of the disease such as the host’s immunity and setting.

>Dr. Fazlur Rahim and his colleagues: demographic profile and its

complications in Pakistan.

+ Results: most of the children with measles were documented in aged 6 to

9 months and the most common complications in these children with measles

were pneumonia followed by diarrhea and stomatitis.

>Raote, et al.: relationship of nutritional status and measles.

+ Malnourished children are more prone to have the disease compared to

the healthy ones

>Onyiriuka, et al.: failure of immunization as the cause of measles outbreak. + the common reason given by mothers for failing to immunize their children against measles was that the child was ill at the time he was due for immunization.

A lot of factors may affect the increasing incidence of measles in the community within a certain period of time.

Thus, this study will delve into these factors that may be prevalent in the community so that the problem of measles outbreaks will be provided with preventive measures beforehand to at least lessen the morbidity and at most avoid mortality due to this illness.

•GENERAL OBJECTIVE:

•The study will attempt to determine measles profile in Barangay

Matina Crossing, Davao city.

OBJECTIVES

•SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES:

1. To describe the following :

2. demographic profile of children with measles

3. clinical profile of children with measles

4. the reasons of the failure of children with measles to receive the

vaccination

OBJECTIVES

•SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES:• To describe the following:

number of children with measles who received the vaccine

number of children with measles who didn’t receive the vaccine

the most common age group with measles

the month when the measles cases are high

the nutritional status and measles

the co-morbidities with measles

the most common complication of measles

OBJECTIVES

Community:

•Information on the measles profile of Barangay Matina Crossing, Davao city which will serve as basis for determining factors affecting the occurrence of the disease.

•Local health center & Department of Health : addressing the problem about measles

•Future researchers: baseline data

SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

•METHOD

•Research design

•Locale of the study

•Unit of Analysis

•Sampling

•Variables & Measures

•Data collection procedures

•Treatment of Data

•Data analysis

CHAPTER II

RESEARCH DESIGN

Quantitative Descriptive StudyCase Series

LOCALE OF THE STUDY

Barangay Matina Crossing Davao city

•Subject: Child living in Barangay Matina Crossing, Davao city aged 9 months to 5 years old who either a probable or confirmed case from December 2013 to February 2014

Respondent: The mother of the child that is going to be selected on the basis of the criteria

UNIT OF ANALYSIS

UNIT OF ANALYSIS

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and Harrison’s Principle

of Internal Medicine guideline in diagnosing a measles case clinically

An acute illness characterized by all three of the following:

•Generalized, maculopapular rash lasting 3 or more days

•Temperature ≥38°C (101°F)

•Cough, coryza, or conjunctivitis

SAMPLING

Purposive Sampling Technique

•Demographic profile•Age•Sex•Purok•Educational attainment of the mother & child•Monthly salary•Number of family members

VARIABLES & MEASURES

•Clinical profileHeight/lengthWeight

• Course of the disease• Chief Complaint• History of the Present Illness• Past Medical Illness (co-morbidities)• Family History• Pediatric History• Immunization History • (reasons of failure to receive the vaccination)• Complications

VARIABLES & MEASURES

•The researchers will conduct the data collection in two phases.

•First phase:

DATA COLLECTION PROCEDURES

1.Determination of children with measles aged 9 months to 5

years from December 2013 to February 2014 based from the data

from the Barangay Health Center.

2.Informed consent will be distributed to the parents of those

children explaining the purpose of the research study.

Second phase :

1.Interview the mothers of those children

2.The researchers will use an interview schedule focusing on the following information:

age sex weight height/length measles immunization status symptomatologyreasons for failure to receive the vaccination number of children with measles who received the vaccine the number of children with measles who didn’t receive the vaccinethe month when the measles cases are highco-morbidities and complications associated with measles

DATA COLLECTION PROCEDURES

DATA ANALYSIS

• Measures Of Central Tendency

• Measures Of Dispersion

• Frequency Distribution

ETHICAL CONSIDERATIONS

• Informed consent for the respondents

• Assent of the subjects

•Subjects are selected from those who qualify in the criteria

•The criteria are based only on the diagnosis given by the doctor or as reported by the barangay health center which is solely relying on the clinical presentation of the disease.

LIMITATIONS OF THE STUDY

RESULTS

CHAPTER III

DISCUSSION(Note that the subsections in this chapter may be

organized and integrated in flexible ways, depending on the nature of the topic, study design, writing style, etc.)

CHAPTER IV

CHAPTER V IF DESCRIPTIVE NO

CONCLUSION ! ONLY SUMMARY, RESULT , RECOMMENDATION

REFERENCESAPPENDICES

CHAPTER V

THANK YOU !