WORLD WAR II GENOCIDES. TERMINOLOGY GENOCIDE Mass extermination of an entire race or group of...

THE HOLOCAUSTWORLD WAR II GENOCIDES

TERMINOLOGY GENOCIDE

Mass extermination of an entire race or group of people

Ex. Gypsies and homosexuals by the NAZIs

HOLOCAUSTMass extermination of

the European Jewish population by the NAZIs before and during WWII

holocaust: to eliminate by fire

NAZI MENTALITY 1920: Two German intellectuals published, The

Release of the Destruction of Life Devoid of Human ValueAdvocated killing of “worthless human beings”Believed that heredity was a factor in physical

and mental weakness; led to sterilization in 1933

Hitler and NAZIs used this mentality to feed their beliefs of racial superiority

THE BEGINNING… 1935: Hitler implemented the Nuremburg

Laws segregating Jews as well as other groups seen as potentially dangerous to the “pure German race”

November 10, 1938: KRISTALLNACHT“Night of Broken Glass”NAZIs began the terrorization of the German

Jewish populationBeginning the systematic extermination

NUREMBERG LAWS The Laws for the Protection of German Blood and German Honor

(September 15, 1935) Entirely convinced that the purity of German blood is essential to the further

existence of the German people, and inspired by the uncompromising determination to safeguard the future of the German nation, the Reichstag has unanimously resolved upon the following law, which is promulgated herewith:

Section 1 Marriages between Jews and citizens of German or kindred blood are forbidden. Marriages concluded in defiance of this law are void, even if, for the purpose of evading this law, they were concluded abroad.

Section 2 Extramarital sexual intercourse between Jews and subjects of the state of Germany or related blood is forbidden

Section 3 Jews will not be permitted to employ female citizens of German or kindred blood as domestic workers under the age of 45.

Section 4 Jews are forbidden to display the Reich and national flag or the national colors. On the other hand they are permitted to display the Jewish colors. The exercise of this right is protected by the State.

KRISTALLNACHT

GHETTO Enclosed area of a city; waiting place for Jews

before moved to camps

CONCENTRATION CAMP PRISON CAMPS; SLAVE LABOR CAMPS

HOUSING COMMUNISTS, GYPSIES, HOMOSEXUALS, MENTALLY AND PHYSICALLY HANDICAPPED, JEWS

Infamous camps were: Auschwitz Mauthausen Buckenwald

Mauthausen when liberated

DACHAU

“The Final Solution” the Nazi plan to exterminate the Jewish people Implemented in stages before and during the war In its entirety, the "Final Solution" consisted of

gassings, shootings, random acts of terror, disease, and starvation that accounted for the deaths of about 6 million Jews -- two-thirds of European Jewry.

Extermination Camps

AKA “Death Camps” Nazi camps, equipped with gassing

facilities, for mass murder of Jews Located in Poland at Auschwitz-

Birkenau, Belzec, Chelmno, Majdanek-Lublin, Sobibor, and Treblinka. Up to 2,700,000 Jews were murdered at these six camps

Auschwitz Located in Poland; both extermination and labor

camp; over 2 million Jews died there

“Auschwitz begins wherever someone looks ata slaughterhouse and thinks: they're only animals"

Theodor Adorno

Entrance Gates to Auschwitz reads:“Work will set you free”

Gassing Chamber

Crematorium Oven

Auschwitz warehouse overflowing with confiscated prisoner clothing

Auschwitz warehouse of prisoner’s confiscated eye-glasses

Auschwitz warehouse of prisoner’s confiscated shoes

Country Initial Jewish Population

Estimated % Killed Estimated Killed Number of

SurvivorsPOLAND 3,300,000 91% 3,000,000 300,000USSR 3,020,000 36% 1,100,000 1,920,000HUNGARY 800,000 74% 596,000 204,000GERMANY 566,000 36% 200,000 366,000FRANCE 350,000 22% 77,320 272,680ROMANIA 342,000 84% 287,000 55,000AUSTRIA 185,000 35% 65,000 120,000LITHUANIA 168,000 85% 143,000 25,000

NETHERLANDS 140,000 71% 100,000 40,000

BOHEMIAMORAVIA 118,310 60% 71,150 47,160

LATVIA 95,000 84% 80,000 15,000SLOVAKIA 88,950 80% 71,000 17,950YUGOSLAVIA 78,000 81% 63,300 14,700GREECE 77,380 87% 67,000 10,380BELGIUM 65,700 45% 28,900 36,800ITALY 44,500 17% 7,680 36,820BULGARIA 50,000 0% 50,000DENMARK 7,800 .8% 60 7,740ESTONIA 4,500 44% 2,000 2,500LUXEMBOURG 3,500 55% 1,950 1,550FINLAND 2,000 .03% 7 1,993NORWAY 1,700 45% 762 938TOTAL 9,508,340 63% 5,962,129 3,546,211