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Wood Environment & Infrastructure Solutions,
a Division of Wood Canada Limited
913 Laval Crescent
Kamloops, BC V2C 5P4
Canada
T: 250-374-1347
Technical Memo
To: Michael George, P.Eng.
From: Nick Felsing, P.Eng. Reviewer: David Lang, P.Eng.
Cc: Paul O’Sullivan, P. Eng. Wood File: KX13772B14.001
Date: 6 December 2019
Re: Environmental Testing for Concrete Deterioration: Highway 1 Chase Creek Road to
Chase West, Chase, BC
Introduction
Wood Environment & Infrastructure Solutions, a division of Wood Canada Limited (Wood) have been
retained by BC Ministry of Transportation & Infrastructure (BCMOTI) to undertake an additional borehole
investigation program. The scope of work for this task was described in the project brief (email
Michael George, BCMOTI /Paul O’Sullivan, Wood, (07/22/2019). Authorisation to proceed with this
assignment was provided by email (Michael George, BCMOTI /Nick Felsing, Wood 08/26/2019). The
purpose of the investigation was to provide supplementary information for geotechnical assessment of
the proposed new underpass structures. A settlement analysis for the proposed pedestrian underpass was
completed, and this is reported together with the borehole logs under separate cover. This memo
provides a summary of the fieldwork and laboratory test program undertaken to complete soil and nearby
water quality testing for evaluation of the environmental exposure to concrete.
Project Understanding
The objective of the investigation was to drill two additional boreholes at the proposed site of two new
underpass structures. The two structures under consideration are the pedestrian underpass at
L100-Line Stn., 109+70.698 and the cattle underpass at Stn., 108+14 of the Highway 1 Chase Creek Road
to Chase West project.
Included in the project brief was guidance on sampling and testing as summarised below.
• One soil sample be taken between a depth of 0.3 m to 1.2 m,
• One soil sample be taken at the groundwater table or within 1.5 m below the lowest groundwater
elevation, and
• One surface water sample be collected from all surface water bodies within 350 m of the concrete
element.
Field Program
The two boreholes were advanced on September 6, 2019 utilizing a solid-stem auger drill rig, operated by
Mud Bay Drilling Ltd. The borehole and river test locations are shown on the attached Figure 1- Site Plan.
Environmental Testing for Concrete Deterioration: Highway 1 Chase Creek Road to Chase West
Chase, BC
Wood File: KX13772B14.001 | 06 December 2019 Page 2
Soil samples were retrieved as grab samples collected from the auger flights. A sample was retrieved at a
depth of 1 m below ground surface (bgs) in each borehole (BH19-01 and BH19-02). A second sample was
retrieved at a depth of 1.7 to 2.1 m below the inferred groundwater table for BH19-01 and 1.3 to 1.6 m
below the inferred groundwater table for BH19-02. These samples were taken at associated depths of
17.7 mbgs and 10.5 mbgs for BH19-01 and BH19-02, respectively.
Ground Conditions
Laboratory Testing
The four retrieved borehole samples were sent to Caro Analytical Services (Caro) in Richmond, BC for
environmental testing comprising water-soluble sulphate content and soluble chloride content in
accordance with the details in Table 1 below. A surface water sample collected from the South
Thompson River was sent to ALS Environmental (ALS) in Kamloops, BC to test for pH and sulphate content
in accordance with the details in Table 1 below.
Table 1: Scope of Laboratory Testing
Test Type Test Name Test Standard No. of
Tests
Test
Lab
Soil Testing
Chemical Water Soluble Sulfate CSA A23.2-3B / CSA A23.2-2B 4 CARO
Chemical Water Soluble Chloride CSA A23.2-4B 4 CARO
Surface Water Testing (South Thompson River)
Chemical Water soluble sulfate EPA 300.1 (mod) 1 ALS
Chemical pH APHA 4500-H pH Value 1 ALS
Discussion of Results
The results of the analytical testing conducted on water and soil samples at the site location have been
presented in Table 2 below and also included in Appendix A. The test results are intended to allow the
design engineer to assess the requirements for the appropriate type of cement to be used in construction
and the need for corrosion protection of steel reinforcing elements.
The soil materials encountered were logged in accordance with a modified version of the Unified Soil
Classification System (USCS) (Wood PLC, 2008). The soil conditions at BH19-01 consisted of sand and
gravel to 3.4 mbgs underlain by clayey silt to 9.1 mbgs underlain by sand with varying amounts of silt to
the termination depth of 19.8 m. Based on the observed moisture profile, the groundwater table was
interpreted at 15.9 mbgs, corresponding to an elevation of 345.8 m. The soil conditions at BH19-02
consisted of silty sand to 3 m, underlain by silt to the termination depth of 10.7 m. Based on the observed
moisture profile at the time of drilling the groundwater table was interpreted at 9.0 mbgs corresponding
to an approximate elevation of 345.1 m. Groundwater table elevation was measured within a previously
installed well at BHA16-02 (refer to Figure 1) on September 4, 2019 the groundwater table was measured
to be 343.9 m.
In addition to the retrieved soil samples, a surface water sample was collected from the South Thompson
River at a location within 350 m of the pedestrian underpass (refer to Figure 1).
Environmental Testing for Concrete Deterioration: Highway 1 Chase Creek Road to Chase West
Chase, BC
Wood File: KX13772B14.001 | 06 December 2019 Page 3
Table 2: Summary of Laboratory Testing Results
Sample
Location
Sample
Elevation
Water soluble
Sulphate in sample
(%)
Water soluble
Chloride in sample
(%)
pH
BH19-01 1.0 mbgs <0.050 <0.010 N/A
BH19-01 17.7 mbgs <0.050 <0.010 N/A
BH19-02 1.0 mbgs <0.050 <0.010 N/A
BH19-02 10.5 mbgs <0.050 <0.010 N/A
River Surface Elevation 0.005 N/A 8.17
Note: N/A = Not Applicable
The soluble sulfate content analyses for representative soil and water sample tested indicate a sulfate
concentration of 500 mg/kg (0.050 %) and 50 mg/L (0.005 %) in soil and water respectively. Comparing
the soil water-soluble sulphate content to Canadian Standards Association (CSA) Standards A23.1 for
sulphate attack potential on concrete structures, the risk for sulphate attack on concrete material is
“negligible” and the design engineer should consider this in the selection of concrete mix.
The soluble chloride content of the selected soil samples was also compared with the threshold level and
as this was less than the reporting limit of 100 mg/kg (0.010%), present negligible concrete corrosion
potential.
The pH value for the water sample was reported to be 8.17, indicating a durable condition against
corrosion. These results were evaluated using Table C1 of Building Research Establishment (BRE) Special
Digest 1 (2005). The pH is greater than 5.5 indicating the concrete will not be exposed to attack from
acids.
Environmental Testing for Concrete Deterioration: Highway 1 Chase Creek Road to Chase West
Chase, BC
Wood File: KX13772B14.001 | 06 December 2019 Page 5
References
Wood PLC. (2008). Geotechnical Investigation Reference Guide.
BRE (2005). Concrete in Aggressive Ground, Building Research Establishment (BRE) Special Digest 1;2005,
Third Edition, BRE Construction Division, 2005.
CSA (2018). Concrete materials and methods of concrete construction/Test methods and standard practices
for concrete, Canadian Standards Association (CSA), Standards A23.1-14/ A23.2-14., CSA Group, Reprinted
June 2018.
SurfaceWaterSampleLocation
Kam
loop
s-Sh
usw
apR
oad
Tran
s-Can
ada
Highway
Sout
h Th
omps
on R
iver
BH19-02BH19-01
N/APROJECTION:
N/ADATUM:
SITE PLAN
PROJECT:
TITLE:
REV. NO.:
PROJECT NO.:
KX13772B14
A
CLIENT: DWN BY:
CHK'D BY:
OCTOBER 2019DATE:
SCALE:
NF
NOT TO SCALE
BB
SUPPLEMENTARY SITE INVESTIGATION AND CONCRETEDETERIORATION TESTING FOR PEDESTRIAN UNDERPASS:
HIGHWAY 1 CHASE CREEK ROAD TO CHASE WESTCHASE, BC
This drawing was originally produced in colour.
FIGURE 1
Wood Environment & Infrastructure Solutionsa Division of Wood Canada Limited (Wood)
913 Laval CrescentKamloops, BC, CANADA V2C 5P4
Tel. (250) 374-1347 Fax (250) 374-2944
BC MINISTRY OF TRANSPORTATION ANDINFRASTRUCTURE
Notes:1. All locations are approximate.2. Plan provided by R.F. Binnie & Associates Ltd. drawing number 'R2-982-103', dated April 2019.3. Key map orthophoto provided by Bing Maps Aerial - © 2019 Microsoft Corporation © 2019
DigitalGlobe ©CNES (2019) Distribution Airbus DS.
Legend
Borehole Location
Surface Water Sample Location
KEY PLAN
Appendix A
Laboratory Test Results
REPORTED TO Wood E&I Solutions (Kamloops)
Kamloops, BC V2C 5P4
Authorized By:
#110 4011 Viking Way Richmond, BC V6V 2K9 | #102 3677 Highway 97N Kelowna, BC V1X 5C3 | 17225 109 Avenue Edmonton, AB T5S 1H7
1-888-311-8846 | www.caro.ca
913 Laval Crescent
Client Service Representative
Team CARO
CERTIFICATE OF ANALYSIS
Introduction:
CARO Analytical Services is a testing laboratory full of smart, engaged scientists driven to make the world a safer and
healthier place. Through our clients' projects we become an essential element for a better world. We employ methods
conducted in accordance with recognized professional standards using accepted testing methodologies and quality
control efforts. CARO is accredited by the Canadian Association for Laboratories Accreditation (CALA) to ISO
17025:2005 for specific tests listed in the scope of accreditation approved by CALA.
Big Picture Sidekicks
You know that the sample you collected after
snowshoeing to site, digging 5 meters, and
racing to get it on a plane so you can submit it
to the lab for time sensitive results needed to
make important and expensive decisions
(whew) is VERY important. We know that too.
We've Got Chemistry
It�s simple. We figure the more you
enjoy working with our fun and
engaged team members; the more
likely you are to give us continued
opportunities to support you.
Ahead of the Curve
T h r o u g h r e s e a r c h , r e g u l a t i o n
knowledge, and instrumentation, we
are your analytical centre for the
technica l knowledge you need,
BEFORE you need it, so you can stay
up to date and in the know.
ATTENTION Nick Felsing
PO NUMBER
PROJECT KX13772B14
RECEIVED / TEMP 2019-09-11 09:00 / 15°C
REPORTED 2019-10-02 09:06
PROJECT INFO
Work Order Comments:
This is a revised report; please refer to Appendix 3 for details.
WORK ORDER 9091394
If you have any questions or concerns, please contact me at teamcaro@caro.ca
Page 1 of 5Rev 2017-11-07 Caring About Results, Obviously. Page 1 of 5
REPORTED TO Wood E&I Solutions (Kamloops)
REPORTED 2019-10-02 09:06
TEST RESULTS
PROJECT KX13772B14
WORK ORDER 9091394
Analyte Result RL Units Analyzed Qualifier
BH19-01 (G01) (9091394-01) | Matrix: Solid | Sampled: 2019-09-06 09:30
General Parameters
%< 0.050Sulfate, Water-Soluble 2019-09-160.050
% dry< 0.010Chloride, Water-Soluble 2019-09-200.010
BH19-01 (G12) (9091394-02) | Matrix: Solid | Sampled: 2019-09-06 11:30
General Parameters
%< 0.050Sulfate, Water-Soluble 2019-09-160.050
% dry< 0.010Chloride, Water-Soluble 2019-09-200.010
BH19-02 (G14) (9091394-03) | Matrix: Solid | Sampled: 2019-09-06 12:30
General Parameters
%< 0.050Sulfate, Water-Soluble 2019-09-160.050
% dry< 0.010Chloride, Water-Soluble 2019-09-200.010
BH19-02 (G19) (9091394-04) | Matrix: Solid | Sampled: 2019-09-06 14:30
General Parameters
%< 0.050Sulfate, Water-Soluble 2019-09-160.050
% dry< 0.010Chloride, Water-Soluble 2019-09-200.010
Page 2 of 5Rev 2017-11-07 Caring About Results, Obviously. Page 2 of 5
REPORTED TO Wood E&I Solutions (Kamloops)
REPORTED 2019-10-02 09:06
APPENDIX 1: SUPPORTING INFORMATION
PROJECT KX13772B14
WORK ORDER 9091394
Technique LocationAnalysis Description Method Ref.
Chloride, Water-Soluble in Solid CSA A23.2-4B Hot Water Extraction / Potentiometric Titration Richmond
Sulfate, Water-Soluble in Solid CSA A23.2-3B / CSA
A23.2-2B
Extraction (HCl) / Gravimetry (Barium Sulfate Precipitation) Richmond
Glossary of Terms:
RL Reporting Limit (default)
Percent%
Percent (dry weight basis)% dry
Less than the specified Reporting Limit (RL) - the actual RL may be higher than the default RL due to various factors<
CSA Canadian Standards Association Chemical Test Methods
General Comments:
The results in this report apply to the samples analyzed in accordance with the Chain of Custody document. This
analytical report must be reproduced in its entirety. CARO is not responsible for any loss or damage resulting directly or
indirectly from error or omission in the conduct of testing. Liability is limited to the cost of analysis. Samples will be
disposed of 30 days after the test report has been issued unless otherwise agreed to in writing.
Results in Bold indicate values that are above CARO's method reporting limits. Any results that are above regulatory
limits are highlighted red. Please note that results will only be highlighted red if the regulatory limits are included on the
CARO report. Any Bold and/or highlighted results do not take into account method uncertainty. If you would like method
uncertainty or regulatory limits to be included on your report, please contact your Account Manager:teamcaro@caro.ca
Page 3 of 5Rev 2017-11-07 Caring About Results, Obviously. Page 3 of 5
REPORTED TO Wood E&I Solutions (Kamloops)
REPORTED 2019-10-02 09:06
APPENDIX 2: QUALITY CONTROL RESULTS
PROJECT KX13772B14
WORK ORDER 9091394
The following section displays the quality control (QC) data that is associated with your sample data. Groups of samples are prepared
in �batches� and analyzed in conjunction with QC samples that ensure your data is of the highest quality. Common QC types include:
� Method Blank (Blk): A blank sample that undergoes sample processing identical to that carried out for the test samples. Method
blank results are used to assess contamination from the laboratory environment and reagents.
� Duplicate (Dup): An additional or second portion of a randomly selected sample in the analytical run carried through the entire
analytical process. Duplicates provide a measure of the analytical method's precision (reproducibility).
� Blank Spike (BS): A sample of known concentration which undergoes processing identical to that carried out for test samples, a l so
referred to as a laboratory control sample (LCS). Blank spikes provide a measure of the analytical method's accuracy.
� Matrix Spike (MS): A second aliquot of sample is fortified with with a known concentration of target analytes and carried through
the entire analytical process. Matrix spikes evaluate potential matrix effects that may affect the analyte recovery.
� Reference Material (SRM): A homogenous material of similar matrix to the samples, certified for the parameter(s) listed.
Reference Materials ensure that the analytical process is adequate to achieve acceptable recoveries of the parameter(s) tested.
Each QC type is analyzed at a 5-10% frequency, i.e. one blank/duplicate/spike for every 10-20 samples. For all types of QC, the
specified recovery (% Rec) and relative percent difference (RPD) limits are derived from long-term method performance averages
and/or prescribed by the reference method.
Analyte Result RL UnitsSpike
Level
Source
Result% REC
REC
Limit% RPD
RPD
LimitQualifier
General Parameters, Batch B9I1255
Blank (B9I1255-BLK1) Prepared: 2019-09-16, Analyzed: 2019-09-16
%Sulfate, Water-Soluble < 0.050 0.050
General Parameters, Batch B9I1631
Blank (B9I1631-BLK1) Prepared: 2019-09-19, Analyzed: 2019-09-20
% dryChloride, Water-Soluble < 50.0 50.0
Duplicate (B9I1631-DUP1) Prepared: 2019-09-19, Analyzed: 2019-09-20Source: 9091394-03
% dryChloride, Water-Soluble < 0.010< 50.0 250.010
Reference (B9I1631-SRM1) Prepared: 2019-09-19, Analyzed: 2019-09-20
80-120111% dryChloride, Water-Soluble < 50.0 50.0 0.0656
Page 4 of 5Rev 2017-11-07 Caring About Results, Obviously. Page 4 of 5
REPORTED TO Wood E&I Solutions (Kamloops)
REPORTED 2019-10-02 09:06
APPENDIX 3: REVISION HISTORY
PROJECT KX13772B14
WORK ORDER 9091394
AnalysisChangeChangedSample ID Analyte(s)
RL Revised2019-10-029091394-01 Chloride, Water-Soluble (CSA) Chloride, Water-Soluble
RL Revised2019-10-029091394-02 Chloride, Water-Soluble (CSA) Chloride, Water-Soluble
RL Revised2019-10-029091394-03 Chloride, Water-Soluble (CSA) Chloride, Water-Soluble
RL Revised2019-10-029091394-04 Chloride, Water-Soluble (CSA) Chloride, Water-Soluble
Page 5 of 5Rev 2017-11-07 Caring About Results, Obviously. Page 5 of 5
[This report shall not be reproduced except in full without the written authority of the Laboratory.]
10-SEP-19
Lab Work Order #: L2344502
Date Received:Wood Environmental & Infrastructure Solutions
913 Laval CrescentKamloops BC V2C 5P4
ATTN: Nikolaus Felsing FINAL 17-SEP-19 16:51 (MT)Report Date:
Version:
Certificate of Analysis
ALS CANADA LTD Part of the ALS Group An ALS Limited Company
____________________________________________
Selam WorkuAccount Manager
ADDRESS: 8081 Lougheed Hwy, Suite 100, Burnaby, BC V5A 1W9 Canada | Phone: +1 604 253 4188 | Fax: +1 604 253 6700
Client Phone: 250-374-1347
KX13772312.003Job Reference: NOT SUBMITTEDProject P.O. #:
C of C Numbers:Legal Site Desc:
17-SEP-19 16:51 (MT)
Sample ID Description
Client ID
Sampled Date
Grouping Analyte
Sampled Time
ALS ENVIRONMENTAL ANALYTICAL REPORT
L2344502 CONTD....
2PAGE of
Version: FINAL
3
WATER
Water10-SEP-19
#1
L2344502-1
12:27
pH (pH)
Sulfate (SO4) (ug/L)8.17
5000
Physical Tests
Anions and Nutrients
Reference Information 17-SEP-19 16:51 (MT)
L2344502 CONTD....
3PAGE of
EC-SCREEN-VA
PH-PCT-VA
SO4-IC-N-VA
Conductivity Screen (Internal Use Only)
pH by Meter (Automated)
Sulfate in Water by IC
Qualitative analysis of conductivity where required during preparation of other tests - e.g. TDS, metals, etc.
This analysis is carried out using procedures adapted from APHA Method 4500-H "pH Value". The pH is determined in the laboratory using a pH electrode
It is recommended that this analysis be conducted in the field.
Inorganic anions are analyzed by Ion Chromatography with conductivity and/or UV detection.
ALS Test Code Test Description
Water
Water
Water
APHA 2510
APHA 4500-H pH Value
EPA 300.1 (mod)
Method Reference**
** ALS test methods may incorporate modifications from specified reference methods to improve performance.
Matrix
The last two letters of the above test code(s) indicate the laboratory that performed analytical analysis for that test. Refer to the list below:
Laboratory Definition Code Laboratory Location
VA ALS ENVIRONMENTAL - VANCOUVER, BRITISH COLUMBIA, CANADA
GLOSSARY OF REPORT TERMSSurrogate - A compound that is similar in behaviour to target analyte(s), but that does not occur naturally in environmental samples. Forapplicable tests, surrogates are added to samples prior to analysis as a check on recovery.mg/kg - milligrams per kilogram based on dry weight of sample.mg/kg wwt - milligrams per kilogram based on wet weight of sample.mg/kg lwt - milligrams per kilogram based on lipid-adjusted weight of sample.mg/L - milligrams per litre.< - Less than.D.L. - The reported Detection Limit, also known as the Limit of Reporting (LOR).N/A - Result not available. Refer to qualifier code and definition for explanation.
Test results reported relate only to the samples as received by the laboratory.UNLESS OTHERWISE STATED, ALL SAMPLES WERE RECEIVED IN ACCEPTABLE CONDITION.Analytical results in unsigned test reports with the DRAFT watermark are subject to change, pending final QC review.
Test Method References:
Chain of Custody Numbers:
Version: FINAL
3
Quality Control ReportPage 1 of
Client:
Contact:
Wood Environmental & Infrastructure Solutions913 Laval Crescent Kamloops BC V2C 5P4Nikolaus Felsing
Report Date: 17-SEP-19Workorder: L2344502
Test Matrix Reference Result Qualifier Units RPD Limit Analyzed
PH-PCT-VA
SO4-IC-N-VA
Water
Water
R4806449
R4800697
Batch
Batch
CRM
LCS
MB
WG3158708-2
WG3158707-2
WG3158707-1
VA-PH7-BUFpH
Sulfate (SO4)
Sulfate (SO4)
7.03
100.6
<0.30
13-SEP-19
11-SEP-19
11-SEP-19
6.9-7.1
90-110
pH
%
mg/L 0.3
3
Quality Control ReportPage 2 ofReport Date: 17-SEP-19Workorder: L2344502
Limit ALS Control Limit (Data Quality Objectives)DUP DuplicateRPD Relative Percent DifferenceN/A Not AvailableLCS Laboratory Control SampleSRM Standard Reference MaterialMS Matrix SpikeMSD Matrix Spike DuplicateADE Average Desorption EfficiencyMB Method BlankIRM Internal Reference MaterialCRM Certified Reference MaterialCCV Continuing Calibration VerificationCVS Calibration Verification StandardLCSD Laboratory Control Sample Duplicate
Legend:
3
Quality Control ReportPage 3 ofReport Date: 17-SEP-19Workorder: L2344502
ALS Product Description Sample
ID Sampling Date Date Processed Rec. HT Actual HT
Physical Tests
1 10-SEP-19 12:27 13-SEP-19 13:44 0.25 73pH by Meter (Automated)
EHTR-FM
Qualifier
Legend & Qualifier Definitions:
The ALS Quality Control Report is provided to ALS clients upon request. ALS includes comprehensive QC checks with every analysis to ensure our high standards of quality are met. Each QC result has a known or expected target value, which is compared against pre-determined data quality objectives to provide confidence in the accuracy of associated test results.
Please note that this report may contain QC results from anonymous Sample Duplicates and Matrix Spikes that do not originate from this Work Order.
Hold Time Exceedances:
Notes*:Where actual sampling date is not provided to ALS, the date (& time) of receipt is used for calculation purposes.Where actual sampling time is not provided to ALS, the earlier of 12 noon on the sampling date or the time (& date) of receipt isused for calculation purposes. Samples for L2344502 were received on 10-SEP-19 13:40.
ALS recommended hold times may vary by province. They are assigned to meet known provincial and/or federal governmentrequirements. In the absence of regulatory hold times, ALS establishes recommendations based on guidelines published by theUS EPA, APHA Standard Methods, or Environment Canada (where available). For more information, please contact ALS.
Units
hours
EHTR-FM: EHTR: EHTL: EHT: Rec. HT:
Exceeded ALS recommended hold time prior to sample receipt. Field Measurement recommended.Exceeded ALS recommended hold time prior to sample receipt.Exceeded ALS recommended hold time prior to analysis. Sample was received less than 24 hours prior to expiry.Exceeded ALS recommended hold time prior to analysis.ALS recommended hold time (see units).
3
Appendix B
Limitations
Environmental Testing for Concrete Deterioration: Highway 1 Chase Creek Road to Chase West
Chase, BC
Wood File: KX13772B14.001 | 04 December 2019 Limitations
Limitations
1. The work performed in the preparation of this report and the conclusions presented herein are subject to the
following:
a) The contract between Wood and the Client, including any subsequent written amendment or Change
Order dully signed by the parties (hereinafter together referred as the “Contract”);
b) Any and all time, budgetary, access and/or site disturbance, risk management preferences, constraints or
restrictions as described in the contract, in this report, or in any subsequent communication sent by Wood
to the Client in connection to the Contract; and
c) The limitations stated herein.
2. Standard of care: Wood has prepared this report in a manner consistent with the level of skill and care ordinarily
exercised by reputable members of Wood’s profession, practicing in the same or similar locality at the time of
performance, and subject to the time limits and physical constraints applicable to the scope of work, and terms and
conditions for this assignment. No other warranty, guarantee, or representation, expressed or implied, is made or
intended in this report, or in any other communication (oral or written) related to this project. The same are
specifically disclaimed, including the implied warranties of merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose.
3. Limited locations: The information contained in this report is restricted to the site and structures evaluated by
Wood and to the topics specifically discussed in it, and is not applicable to any other aspects, areas or locations.
4. Information utilized: The information, conclusions and estimates contained in this report are based exclusively on:
i) information available at the time of preparation, ii) the accuracy and completeness of data supplied by the Client
or by third parties as instructed by the Client, and iii) the assumptions, conditions and qualifications/limitations set
forth in this report.
5. Accuracy of information: No attempt has been made to verify the accuracy of any information provided by the
Client or third parties, except as specifically stated in this report (hereinafter “Supplied Data”). Wood cannot be held
responsible for any loss or damage, of either contractual or extra-contractual nature, resulting from conclusions that
are based upon reliance on the Supplied Data.
6. Report interpretation: This report must be read and interpreted in its entirety, as some Sections could be
inaccurately interpreted when taken individually or out-of-context. The contents of this report are based upon the
conditions known and information provided as of the date of preparation. The text of the final version of this report
supersedes any other previous versions produced by Wood.
7. No legal representations: Wood makes no representations whatsoever concerning the legal significance of its
findings, or as to other legal matters touched on in this report, including but not limited to, ownership of any
property, or the application of any law to the facts set forth herein. With respect to regulatory compliance issues,
regulatory statutes are subject to interpretation and change. Such interpretations and regulatory changes should be
reviewed with legal counsel.
8. Decrease in property value: Wood shall not be responsible for any decrease, real or perceived, of the property or
site’s value or failure to complete a transaction, as a consequence of the information contained in this report.
9. No third-party reliance: This report is for the sole use of the party to whom it is addressed unless expressly stated
otherwise in the report or Contract. Any use or reproduction which any third party makes of the report, in whole or
in part, or any reliance thereon or decisions made based on any information or conclusions in the report is the sole
responsibility of such third party. Wood does not represent or warrant the accuracy, completeness, merchantability,
fitness for purpose or usefulness of this document, or any information contained in this document, for use or
consideration by any third party. Wood accepts no responsibility whatsoever for damages or loss of any nature or
kind suffered by any such third party as a result of actions taken or not taken or decisions made in reliance on this
report or anything set out therein. including without limitation, any indirect, special, incidental, punitive or
consequential loss, liability or damage of any kind.
Environmental Testing for Concrete Deterioration:
Highway 1 Chase Creek Road to Chase West, Chase, BC
Wood File: KX13772B14.001 | 04 December 2019 Limitations
10. Assumptions: Where design recommendations are given in this report, they apply only if the project contemplated
by the Client is constructed substantially in accordance with the details stated in this report. It is the sole
responsibility of the Client to provide to Wood changes made in the project, including but not limited to, details in
the design, conditions, engineering or construction that could in any manner whatsoever impact the validity of the
recommendations made in the report. Wood shall be entitled to additional compensation from Client to review and
assess the effect of such changes to the project.
11. Time dependence: If the project contemplated by the Client is not undertaken within a period of 18 months
following the submission of this report, or within the time frame understood by Wood to be contemplated by the
Client at the commencement of Wood’s assignment, and/or, if any changes are made, for example, to the elevation,
design or nature of any development on the site, its size and configuration, the location of any development on the
site and its orientation, the use of the site, performance criteria and the location of any physical infrastructure, the
conclusions and recommendations presented herein should not be considered valid unless the impact of the said
changes is evaluated by Wood, and the conclusions of the report are amended or are validated in writing
accordingly.
Advancements in the practice of geotechnical engineering, engineering geology and hydrogeology and changes in
applicable regulations, standards, codes or criteria could impact the contents of the report, in which case, a
supplementary report may be required. The requirements for such a review remain the sole responsibility of the
Client or their agents.
Wood will not be liable to update or revise the report to take into account any events or emergent circumstances or
facts occurring or becoming apparent after the date of the report.
12. Limitations of visual inspections: Where conclusions and recommendations are given based on a visual inspection
conducted by Wood, they relate only to the natural or man-made structures, slopes, etc. inspected at the time the
site visit was performed. These conclusions cannot and are not extended to include those portions of the site or
structures, which were not reasonably available, in Wood’s opinion, for direct observation.
13. Limitations of site investigations: Site exploration identifies specific subsurface conditions only at those points
from which samples have been taken and only at the time of the site investigation. Site investigation programs are a
professional estimate of the scope of investigation required to provide a general profile of subsurface conditions.
The data derived from the site investigation program and subsequent laboratory testing are interpreted by trained
personnel and extrapolated across the site to form an inferred geological representation and an engineering opinion
is rendered about overall subsurface conditions and their likely behaviour with regard to the proposed development.
Despite this investigation, conditions between and beyond the borehole/test hole locations may differ from those
encountered at the borehole/test hole locations and the actual conditions at the site might differ from those
inferred to exist, since no subsurface exploration program, no matter how comprehensive, can reveal all subsurface
details and anomalies.
Final sub-surface/bore/profile logs are developed by geotechnical engineers based upon their interpretation of field
logs and laboratory evaluation of field samples. Customarily, only the final bore/profile logs are included in
geotechnical engineering reports.
Bedrock, soil properties and groundwater conditions can be significantly altered by environmental remediation
and/or construction activities such as the use of heavy equipment or machinery, excavation, blasting, pile-driving or
draining or other activities conducted either directly on site or on adjacent terrain. These properties can also be
indirectly affected by exposure to unfavorable natural events or weather conditions, including freezing, drought,
precipitation and snowmelt.
During construction, excavation is frequently undertaken which exposes the actual subsurface and groundwater
conditions between and beyond the test locations, which may differ from those encountered at the test locations. It
is recommended practice that Wood be retained during construction to confirm that the subsurface conditions
throughout the site do not deviate materially from those encountered at the test locations, that construction work
has no negative impact on the geotechnical aspects of the design, to adjust recommendations in accordance with
conditions as additional site information is gained and to deal quickly with geotechnical considerations if they arise.
Environmental Testing for Concrete Deterioration:
Highway 1 Chase Creek Road to Chase West, Chase, BC
Wood File: KX13772B14.001 | 04 December 2019 Limitations
Interpretations and recommendations presented herein may not be valid if an adequate level of review or inspection
by Wood is not provided during construction.
14. Factors that may affect construction methods, costs and scheduling: The performance of rock and soil materials
during construction is greatly influenced by the means and methods of construction. Where comments are made
relating to possible methods of construction, construction costs, construction techniques, sequencing, equipment or
scheduling, they are intended only for the guidance of the project design professionals, and those responsible for
construction monitoring. The number of test holes may not be sufficient to determine the local underground
conditions between test locations that may affect construction costs, construction techniques, sequencing,
equipment, scheduling, operational planning, etc.
Any contractors bidding on or undertaking the works should draw their own conclusions as to how the subsurface
and groundwater conditions may affect their work, based on their own investigations and interpretations of the
factual soil data, groundwater observations, and other factual information.
15. Groundwater and Dewatering: Wood will accept no responsibility for the effects of drainage and/or dewatering
measures if Wood has not been specifically consulted and involved in the design and monitoring of the drainage
and/or dewatering system.
16. Environmental and Hazardous Materials Aspects: Unless otherwise stated, the information contained in this
report in no way reflects on the environmental aspects of this project, since this aspect is beyond the Scope of Work
and the Contract. Unless expressly included in the Scope of Work, this report specifically excludes the identification
or interpretation of environmental conditions such as contamination, hazardous materials, wild life conditions, rare
plants or archeology conditions that may affect use or design at the site. This report specifically excludes the
investigation, detection, prevention or assessment of conditions that can contribute to moisture, mold or other
microbial contaminant growth and/or other moisture related deterioration, such as corrosion, decay, rot in buildings
or their surroundings. Any statements in this report or on the boring logs regarding odours, colours, and unusual or
suspicious items or conditions are strictly for informational purposes
17. Sample Disposal: Wood will dispose of all uncontaminated soil and rock samples after 30 days following the release
of the final geotechnical report. Should the Client request that the samples be retained for a longer time, the Client
will be billed for such storage at an agreed upon rate. Contaminated samples of soil, rock or groundwater are the
property of the Client, and the Client will be responsible for the proper disposal of these samples, unless previously
arranged for with Wood or a third party.
Recommended