Wilson & the peace treaty notes 21

Treaty of Versailles

Ch 16.3(.4 is not on test)#21

Jan 8,1918 – Wilson presents Congress with his plan for peace (Fourteen Points)

Nov 3, 1918 – Republicans win congressional elections in U.S.

- Wilson loses credibility with Europe's Leaders The Kaiser abdicates Throne / Republic Formed Nov 11, 1918- Armistice Day (veteran’s day)

- GR. Signs in part because of Wilson’s 14 pts. Dec. 12, 1918 – Wilson arrives in Paris as a Hero

Lawrence of Arabia and representatives from over 30 nations attended

Lawrence of Arabia and representatives from over 30 nations attended

Star of the Show Greeted by Europeans

as a Savior GR. Signed Armistice

in part because of 14 pts

Creel had 60 million leaflets dropped from planes over GR.

Freedom of Ocean Travel No more Secret Alliances Arms Reductions Equality of Trade Barriers “Free Trade” Self Determination for Poland

“League of Nations” – 14th Pt.

- mediating body- rep. from every nation- provide security for each country

The “Big Four”1) France2) Britain3) Italy4) United States

They shaped the final agreement

Germany & Russia were not allowed to attend

Lenin had to get Russia out of the war so he could concentrate on problems at Home…

The Treaty of Brest-Litovsk with Germany, giving them much territory, pop., resources

Civil War, 1917-1920

“Reds” versus “Whites” Complete breakdown of

Russian economy and society

Roadblocks Appear European leaders

wish to punish & humiliate Germany for starting the War

U.S. overall role inwar was questioned

Most of the 14 pts were shot down by Allies Gives up on the rest to save the 14th pt.

- League of Nations June 28, 1919 – Treaty is Signed

- by Germany Too – Why did they Sign? July, 1919 – Wilson heads back to U.S. to

convince our

Senate to Ratify

Alsace & Lorraine (industrial region) would return to Fr.

New Countries Created –CZ/Yugo/Poland GR - Stripped of Overseas Colonies GR – Forced to accept full responsibility for

starting the War (pay millions in Reparations)

“Blank Check” League of Nations was created

German Territorial Losses: 1919-1921

1) Irreconcilables

Progressive Republicans Wanted to focus

attention on problems at home instead of Europe

2) Reservationists

Article 10 of Treaty Could put U.S. into

war to preserve another nations independence

Who should declare war?-Congress or League

Whistle-stop cross country train tour He is wore down and exhausted Sept. 25, 1919 – Suffers a stroke

-incapacitated Oct. 1919 – Senate Rejects the Treaty

**U.S. never signs the treaty ending WWI**The U.S. will NOT Join the League of

NationsIsolationism v Interventionism

Nov. 1920 – Harding(R) elected Pres. Feb. 3, 1924 – Wilson Dies / Broken & Defeated