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What is Technology?
Technology
Technology is the process by which humans modify nature to meet their needs and wants.
Technology vs. Science• Technology
– Study of our human-made world
– Deals with “what can be”
• Science– Study of our natural
world– Deals with “what is”
Technology vs. Science continued• Technology
– Made up of sub-categories:
• Information• Communication• Bio-related and
Agriculture• Medical• Environmental• Production
– Manufacturing– Construction
• Transportation• Energy and Power
• Science• Made up of sub-
categories: • Earth Science• Biology• Chemistry• Physics• Astronomy• Other specialty areas
– Quantum Physics
– Computer Science
Needs vs. Wants
• Technology addresses human needs and wants• What are human needs?
PHYSICALNEEDS:
• Basic shelter
• Basic clothing
• Can you think of more?
BIOLOGICAL NEEDS:
• Water
• Food
• Can you think of more?
PSYCHOLOGICAL NEEDS:
• Family
• Friends
• Can you think of more?
Needs vs. Wants continued
• Technology addresses human needs and wants• What are human wants?
PHYSICALWANTS:
• Nice house
• Nice car
• Nice clothes
• Can you think of more?
BIOLOGICAL WANTS:
• Fresh water
• Fancy food
• Healthy living
• Can you think of more?
PSYCHOLOGICAL WANTS:
• Talk with family
• See friends
• Entertainment
• Can you think of more?
How does Technology address human needs and wants?
Information
Communication
Bio-Related andAgricultural
- Manufacturing
- Construction
Transportation
Technology
Production
Energy and Power
Medical
Environmental
Through the use of these technologies, often the meeting of human needs and wants is accomplished.
Information TechnologyInformation Technology is the process of
gathering and storing data to be used in various forms: It has:– Streamlined access to vast sources of
information – Allows us to produce more accurate forms of
communication– Expanded resource choices– Enabled us to retrieve data in seconds
Examples of Information Technology
• Data collected on paper
• Data stored in computers
• Data stored in books• Data stored in
equipment or machines
Impacts of Information Technology
POSITIVE IMPACTS
NEGATIVE IMPACTS
COMPUTERS – use of a computer to gather data easily and store
INTERNET – using to store information for easy access
OBSCELENCE – machines need to be maintained and upgraded INTERNET – information is not always accurate or reliable
Communication Technology
Communication Technology is a process of giving or exchanging information.
It has:– Streamlined publishing techniques and allows
us to produce more accurate drawings– Expanded entertainment choices– Enabled us to contact people thousands of
miles away
Examples of Communication Technology
• Cell Phones• Computer Aided Drafting• Video Cassette
Recordings• Internet• Radio• Television• Graphic Arts
Impacts of Communication Technology
POSITIVE IMPACTS
NEGATIVE IMPACTS
CAD – using a computer to generate drawings
INTERNET – a means of communicating quickly and inexpensively over long distances
PAPER USAGE – people tend to create and print more documents INTERNET – people tend to misuse the internet for personal gain
Bio-related and Agricultural Technology
• Biotechnology is the application of the principles of biology to create commercial products or processes.
• Agricultural Technology is the application of processes that make it possible for food to be available year-round and to conserve resources.
• Both deal with living things – Plants– Animals– People
Examples of Bio-Related and Agricultural Technology
Bio-related Technology• Pharmaceuticals• Artificial limbs• Genetic engineering• Hydroponics• Imaging devices• Cardiovascular devices• Ethics
Agriculture • Food, Fiber, and Fuel• Plant growth• Machines• Production of ag
products• Transportation of ag
products• Storage of ag products
Impacts of Bio-Related and Agricultural Technology
POSITIVE IMPACTS NEGATIVE IMPACTS
HEALTH – improves quality of life
HEALTH – Drugs may cause birth defects
ENVIRONMENTAL – can produce more food per acre than before
ENVIRONMENTAL – Chemicals have found their way into ground water, polluting good drinking water
Medical Technology
Medical Technology is the study of medicine through the use of and advances of technology, such as medical instruments and apparatus, imaging systems in medicine, and mammography.
Related terms: Bio-medical Engineering
Medical Innovations.
Examples of Medical Technology
• Medical instruments and apparatus
• Vaccine
• Pharmaceuticals
• Artificial limbs
• Imagining equipment
• Ergonomics – the study of designing equipment to fit the human body, its movement & thinking patterns
Impacts of Medical Technology
POSITIVE IMPACTS NEGATIVE IMPACTS
HEALTH – improves quality of life
HEALTH – use of technology may hinder life span
DISEASE – research on controlling diseases and their spread is shortened
DISEASE – not all cultures embrace use of vaccines and thus disease spreads
Environmental Technology
Environmental Technology is study of the processes to control waste, soil erosion, reducing sediment in waterways, conserving water, and improving water quality, artificial ecosystems, and the effects of technology on the development of flora and fauna.
Examples of Environmental Technology
• Conservation • Synthetic energy• Waste management
Impacts of Environmental Technology
POSITIVE IMPACTS NEGATIVE IMPACTS
EARTH – improves quality of life
EARTH – use of technology may hinder life span of the planet
DISEASE – reduces chance of disease from bad air and chemicals
DISEASE – economical forces the need to make choices that are not easily made
Production TechnologyProduction Technology is the
manufacturing of physical goods on an assembly line and the construction of structures on a job site.
Manufacturing• Manufacturing is the process of changing
materials into usable products• Natural (found in nature) or• Synthetic (human-made)
– Most takes place in factories on assembly lines
– Results in items that are either consumer products (used up) or industrial products (used to make other products)
Examples of Manufacturing Technology
• Clothing• Entertainment
devices• Automobiles• Chemical products• Lumber• Steel• Food
Construction TechnologyConstruction Technology is the study
of the processes to
– Build a structure – made by joining parts to meet a certain need.
• Involves building a foundation, erecting the super structure, and finishing work.
– Support the load – external force on an object.
– Control the quality of construction using control systems.
Examples of Construction Technology
• Human-made structure:– Houses– High-rise buildings– Bridges– Roads– Dams– Schools
Impacts of Production TechnologyPOSITIVE IMPACTS NEGATIVE IMPACTS
MANUFACTURING – new products help to make our life easier and increase leisure time.
MANUFACTURING – many industries use materials that can harm the environment.
CONSTRUCTION – provides shelter, improves roads, creates employment opportunities.
CONSTRUCTION – noise and debris, traffic problems, accidents & injuries
Transportation Technology
Transportation Technology is the process by which people, animals, products, and materials are moved from one place to the next.
– Flight– Land Transportation– Water Transportation– Goods Transportation
Examples of Transportation Technology
• Air– Airplane– Rocket– Space Shuttle– Helicopter
• Water– Commercial ships– Cruise Ships– Utility vessels
• Land– Train– Subway– Automobile– Bicycle
• Goods– Conveyor Belts– Robots– Trucks
Impacts of Transportation Technology
POSITIVE IMPACTS NEGATIVE IMPACTS
Commuting is easier;
Traveling long distances faster
Pollution
Accidents
Use of energy
Energy and Power Technology
• Energy is the ability to do work.• Power is the rate at which energy is
transformed from one form to another or as the rate at which work can be done.
• Technological products and systems need energy to function.
• The availability of energy often determines the development of technology.
Examples of Energy and Power Technology
• Chemical Energy– Gasoline
• Mechanical Energy– Motion
• Thermal Energy– Steam
Power Measurement Examples:
• Horsepower• Kilowatt
• Electrical Energy– Electricity
• Radiant Energy– Light
Power System Examples:• Turbines• Portable generators
Impacts of Energy and Power Technology
POSITIVE IMPACTS NEGATIVE IMPACTS
Without energy and power, most technologies would not exist or work.
The overuse of natural resources is a concern of many people.
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