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2/27/2010
1
What is ‘Nano’?
SCI 102SANYAL
Nanoscale = billionths (10-9)
6 billion people8000 mile diameter
10 billion components8 inch diameter
2/27/2010
2
Nano in Therapeutics
Advanced Visual Instruments Inc.http://www.med.unibs.it/~marchesi/pps97/course/section11/insulin.html
Drugs: up to ~10 nm
Example: Insulin
Surgery: down to ~100 µm
Example: Ophthalmologic
Microsurgery
Cellular Components: Nano Dimension
2/27/2010
3
Chemistry of Objects at Nanoscale: Macromolecules
&
What has nanotechnology
got to do
with Macromolecules?
2/27/2010
4
What is NanoTech?
Why Nano?
BREAKTHROUGHS IN OUR UNDERSTANDING OF
PROPERTIES AT THE NANOSCALE PERMIT
NEW SOLUTIONS,
NEW APPLICATIONS,
NEW CAPABILITIES
BASED ON THIS UNDERSTANDING
2/27/2010
5
Nano Size Effects...
Red color is due to very small amounts of gold powder (about 40 ppm)
History of Nanoparticles
Lycurgus Cup 4th Century AD
2/27/2010
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Effects of Size of nanocrystals:
Source: Mirkin Research Group
Effects of Nanoscale
Structural differences:Bulk Carbon
Nanoscale Carbon
Carbon Nanotubes
Sumio Iijima - 1991
C60 (Buckeyball)
Smalley, Curl, Kroto
1996 Nobel Prize
Graphite Diamond
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8
Effects of Nanosize:
Where was NANO until now?
NANO has been around since centuriesbut
We can see it now….Due to advancements in Instrumentation
� “Quantum Corral”
� 48 Fe atoms positioned by the STM used to image them
http://www.nano.gov/html/facts/home_facts.html
2/27/2010
10
No need to be embarrased for smelly feet....
Hard to break….
Nanotube Reinforced Composites
2/27/2010
11
Bouncier Balls….
Jan 2002
Clay nanocomposites
� LabNow Blood Analyser
“Tiny channels in a card filter white from red blood cells. When the card is popped into the analysing machine, it can come up with a white-cell count in 10 to 15 minutes. This could be important for HIV/Aids treatment.” Business Week
� Bandages embedded with silver nanoparticles
� Drug delivery via a patch
� Thin films on implantations into the human body (for example screws, joints, and stents) allowing devices to last longer
� Respiration monitors that are many times more sensitive
� Man-made skin for skin graft applications. National Nanotechnology Infrastructure Network
Nano Health Care
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“Samsung has rolled out a line of fridges and
washing machines that use nanocoatings to
prevent nasty bugs from growing. Specks of
silver, as small as one nanometer across, are
used to coat surfaces. These nanoparticles are
so electrically active that they inhibit the growth
of harmful bacteria and fungs. In its fridge,
Samsung used the nanosilver in the
deodorizer unit and water dispenser to sanitize
the air and water that passes over them.”
Business Week
Samsung Nano SilverSeal Refrigerator
How does nanosilver kill bacteria?
Driving Force of This Century?
2/27/2010
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Nano-Therapeutics
Functionalization with groups that
recognize and kill cancer cells
Hope for multifunctional “smart” therapeutics
Michigan Nanotechnology Institute for
Medicine and Biological Science
Nano-Therapeutics
Michigan Nanotechnology Institute for Medicine and Biological Science
Synthesis of dendritic polymers
From Brad Orr, U of M
POLYMERS CAN BE SPHERICAL TOO!...Soft NanoBalls
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14
Fabrication of Microstuctures and their Chemical Modifications:
Introduction of Microfabrication and Nanofabrication
1959….
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