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big card, first name little card:name, who you are, fun
or interesting fact about you, what you want to learn from this class, xerox a picture and put it on the back
getting to know you
Nature of the class Civic engagement and political
participation Lecture, discussion and involvement
We’re learning together What’s in the news Levels of learning
Facts, opinions, evaluation
More information… Syllabus and books
Test and assignment dates will probably NOT change
Phoenix Forum April 7 (normal class time)
Reading schedule may vary snow days
Thursday, January 20 Cards/ reflections on government Inauguration, confirmation hearing
s for Rice, upcoming elections in Iraq, others?
America is divided 49% approval rating for President Bush
(89% in September 2001) 42% approve of foreign policy/ economy
(75%; 64% in October 2001) 44% approve of how Congress is doing its job
(67% in October) 28% have favorable opinion of Vice President
Cheney, with 33% unfavorable, but 22% don’t know
More than half believe America will remain divided in the next four years
Government defined…
legitimate use of force to control behavior.
formal institutions through which a land and its people are ruled.
mechanisms that people use to protect themselves and to establish policies that provide favorable conditions for pursuing their lives.
Policy
purposeful course of action to solve a problem
Private (business) v. public (government) policies
laws are the most common instruments of public policy
Politics
Process of influencing government—results in a determination about whose values will prevail
Struggle over power within organizations or groups that can grant or withhold privileges or benefits
“who gets what, when, and how much.”
Harold Lasswell
democracy “people have authority” direct or indirect Republic: indirect democracy, a
representative form of government with the consent of the governed
How do we measure democracy? Procedural: universal
participation, political equality, majority rule
Substantive: people live free, civil liberties and rights are protected
Freedom
to speak and write freely
practice own religion
have liberty to pursue our lives
Individuals
Equality
Political equality one person, one
vote Social equality
equality of opportunity
equality of outcome
For Tuesday
Chapter 1 and Chapter 2Reactions to the inaugural address
www.cspan.orgHow would you describe the U.S.
constitution?
Review Government—what it is and how
we feel about it; definitions Three values (freedom, order,
equality) Today—inaugural address, values,
philosophies of Locke and Hobbes, political ideologies
Inaugural address How would you describe the event? What were some messages/themes
you remember from the address? What are your reactions?
freedom, order, equality
Thomas Hobbes Leviathan (1651) job of government is to protect
individuals from each other leave a state of nature to come into
social community single ruler to protect the weak
against the strong
John Locke
Second Treatise, of Civil Government (1690)
Government is necessary to protect property
Man in a state of nature is generally good
Government should be limited Government can be dissolved if it
breaks the social contract
Reconciling the two dilemmas Every citizen has a different
opinion about how much freedom she/he is willing to give up to ensure social order or promote equality
Often, how we feel about these dilemmas helps establish our ideology
Political Ideology
A consistent set of values and beliefs about the purpose and scope of government.
Usually thought of as a continuum with liberal on one end and conservative on the other.
Liberal vs. Conservative LIBERAL larger government,
more intervention for social programs
Doesn’t always want more government
CONSERVATIVE smaller government,
less intervention in economy
Doesn’t always want less government
Typology of Ideologies
Instead of a continuum created by trading levels of
freedom, order and equality Liberals Libertarians Conservatives Communitarians
Writing assignment option #1
Take the quiz and discuss whether the quiz accurately reflects your ideology. Have someone else take the quiz. Do you have similar or different ideologies? Was your ideology reflected in your voting decision? Why or why not?
Due next Tuesday
Let’s review
1. Define political equality, ideology 2. What did Locke say about the
need for government? Did Hobbes agree?
3. What is the original dilemma of government?
4. What do liberals tend to believe about government?
An Empire of Reason What were the failures of the
Articles of Confederation? what were the arguments in favor
of ratification? what were the arguments against
ratification? Shay’s rebellion
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