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Weather13.1 & 13.3 A Closer Look at the Earth and Why we have
Seasons
http://youtube.com/watch?v=s76Qn7bpCsQ&feature=related
BLM 13.1AQuick Review Question Sheet
Weather and Climate (Q3)
• Weather… What is It?– Day to day environmental conditions
• Examples: – Rainy / snowy– cloudy / sunny– Windy / calm
• Climate– Environmental condition averaged over many
years• Examples:
– Average rainfall– Average daily temperature
Weather and Climate
• Variable used to describe weather and climate:– Temperature– Wind Speed and Direction– Visibility– Cloud cover– Atmospheric Pressure– Dew Point– Humidity
Formation of Weather and Climate
Now some questions for you to think about… I’ll read the question to you and then ask you what the first thing is you think about…
1. Now that you know what weather is can you tell me if the weather is the same here as it is in St. John? Why not?
2. Geographically, how is St.John different than Fredericton?3. Would any of these geographical features affect the weather in that area? If so which
ones and how?
Good Discussion! Here are the facts:
Components that influence weather and climate include:• Latitude and Longitude• Atmosphere• Oceans• Land Masses
Influences on Weather and Climate and Latitude/Longitude
(Q1)• Components that influence
weather and climate include:• Latitude and Longitude• Atmosphere (later)• Oceans(later)• Land Masses(later)
– This Video (10 min) will get you started on Lat. And Long.!!
– More information to come :>
Lat & Long
Longitude (Meridians) (Q4)
• Angle of measure east or west of the Prime Meridian
• Imaginary vertical lines
Label on Your Map• Prime Meridian 0o
(Greenwich, England)• International Dateline 180o
Latitude (Parallels) (Q5,6,7)
• Angle of measure north or south of the Equator• Imaginary horizontal lines
Label on Your Map:(BLM 13.1A)
• Equator 0o
• North Pole 90oN • South Pole 90oS• Arctic Circle 67.5oN• Antarctic Circle 67.5oS• Tropic of Cancer 23.5oN• Tropic of Capricorn 23.5oS
Earth’s Rotation and Revolution• Rotation (24 hours)
– The Earth rotates on its axis– The axis (imaginary line) runs North to South
• 23.5o angle– One Earth rotation takes one day
• Rotate East to West• Revolution (365 Days)
– The Earth revolves around the Sun• The movement of one object traveling
around another– It takes the earth one year to revolve (travel)
around the Sun counter clockwiseAny ideas as to how earth’s tilt towards or away
from the sun can effect the 4 season’s we experience here in Canada??
Reason for the Seasons
• The average tilt, 23.5o, of the Earth is the reason for the seasons)
• As the Earth revolves around the Sun, the seasons in the northern and southern hemispheres are opposite.
http://geovideos.fliggo.com/video/NY5Lxu6q
I. Tilt of the Earth’s axis towards or away from the sun creates the seasons
Earth’s Seasons
North Pole
Earth
When the north pole tilts toward thesun, it gets more radiation – more warmth
during the summer
SUMMER (Northern Hemisphere)
South Pole
WINTER (Southern Hemisphere)
When the north pole tilts toward thesun, the south pole tilts away
So when it’s summer in the north, it’s winter in the south
Equator
I. Tilt of the Earth’s axis towards or away from the sun creates the seasons
Earth’s Seasons
When the north pole tilts away from the sun, it gets less radiation –
So it’s colder during the winter
North Pole
Earth
WINTER (Northern Hemisphere)
South Pole
SUMMER (Southern Hemisphere)
When the north pole tilts away from thesun, the south pole tilts toward it…
When it’s winter in the north, it’s summer in the south
Equator
Bill Nye: Seasons
• Handout: Seasons Worksheet (24 min)
• https://secure.e-registernow.com/cgi-bin/portal.cgi?state=210
1. Why is the tilt of the earth the cause for the seasons?A. Seasons are not connected to Earth's distance from the Sun - our
northern winter takes place when the Earth is actually closest to the Sun - but due to the fact that the Earth's axis is tilted away perpendicular to the ecliptic, winter takes place.
• The greater the angle, the less energy transferred.
Reason for the Season: The Earth’s Tilt
Q2. The North pole and South Pole each have long periods of complete sunlight and complete darkness. Why?
A. When the Earth is tilted away from the Sun, the North Pole has no Sun for about 6 months. During the same time, the South Pole is pointed toward the Sun and receives nothing but Sun.
NEXT… What is wind? And how is it formed…
Reason for the Season: The Earth’s Tilt
Mapping Activity
• Short Worksheet – – Part A: students to determine latitude and
longitude of a location– Part B: students to determine location based on
latitude and longitude.
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