Vocational Training Role in Employment of Nepali People Ph.D. Student, Kul B. Basnet Professor,...

Vocational Training Role in Employment of Nepali People

Ph.D. Student, Kul B. BasnetProfessor, Jinsoo Kim

Dept. Of Technology EducationKorea National University of Education

Asian Conf. of AASVET , Beijing, 2011.5.26-27

1

2

I

•INTRODUCTION

II

•SOCIO-ECONOMIC CONTEXT

III

•EMPLOYMENT SITUATION

IV

•VOCATIONAL TRAINING and PROGRAM

V

•CONSTRAINTS and OBSTACLES

VI

•CONCLUSION

OUTLINE

3

Vocational Education & Training (VET) Help to young professional to move

from school environment to world of work.

Can develop appropriate skills, improve labor supply and employability of the workforce.

Economic environment determine size and nature of skill; benefit of training.

Responsibility of planners linking train-ing with economic productivity.

I. INTRODUCTION

4

In Nepal number of non-skilled youth and

educated unemployed are increas-ing fast.

New job related with IT and com-puter are growing fast; and

channeling unskilled workers into new growth area is not happening.

Sustained and consolidated effort is needed.

5

NepalResponsible institute should

come up with consolidated pol-icy and program to create job in market.

To link vocational training with employment, active participation of business and industry is es-sential.

6

Discuss current employment situation and role of voca-tional training in employment in Nepal.

PURPOSE

7

Situation

Nepal work-force lacks productivity because of skill training

Foreign em-ployment – provide skill training be-fore going – could easily increase an-nual income

Gap between vocational training pro-gram and em-ployment

NEPAL

8

Vast number of adults have ei-ther not been to school or not received any vocational training. As a result workforce lacks pro-ductivity in domestic as well as in overseas labor markets.

REASON OF STUDY

9

Qualitative methodExamination of written docu-

mentsDescriptive analysisAuthors individual experience

and observation

RESEARCH FRAMEWORK

10

Mosaic of cul-ture, language

and religion

Ethnic group – 101

Language - 92

Economy-labor intensive

Land frag-mentation

Sharp rise of inequality

II. SOCIO-ECONOMIC CONTEXT

11

Labor intensive agriculture Cultivating fragile soils Raising livestock for low returns

BASIS OF ECONOMY

12

S.N.

Holdings Percent Holdings

Percent Area (ha)

1 <0.50 ha 46.93 14.7

2 <1.00 – 0.50 ha 27.22 24.18

3 >1 ha 25.85 61.12

FARM LAND OWNERSHIP AND DISTRIBUTION

Source: Central Bureau of Statistics, 2001 (Agriculture Census)

13

NEPAL 2009HDI-2.4%

Rank-138 (169)Inequality - 0.41

Srilanka 1960

Pakistan 1970

India 1980

Bhutan 1980

ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT PERFORMANCE

14

Description Male (%)

Female(%)

Total (%)

Never attend school 32.4 58.2 46.7

Less than primary 13.2 8.8 10.7

Primary 16.7 10.9 13.5

Lower secondary 11.2 7.0 8.9

Secondary 17.0 10.4 13.4

Higher secondary 5.4 2.9 4.0

Bachelors and Masters 3.3 0.9 2.0

Others 0.7 0.8 0.7

Not stated 0.1 0.1 0.1

POPULATION AGED 15 & OVER LEVEL OF COMPLETED EDUCATION

Source: Nepal Labor Force Survey– 2008

15

Agricul-ture – 73.9%

Non-agri-culture –

26.1%

Paid em-ployees- 16.9%

Population employment

ratio – 81.7%

III. EMPLOYMENT SITUATION

16

• 1-19hrs-11%• 20-39 hrs-20%• 40 hrs more-

68%

Employment

• Urban-14.2%• Rural-4.2%

Unemployment • Rural -32.51%• Urban-29.25%• Total – 42%

Under em-ployment

LABOR FORCEGrowth rate – 2.6%Agriculture – give 90 days work/yr

17

Cumulative number

Going out for employment

Countrywide data (2009/2010)

Year Number Year Number Country Name Number of people

2001 250,000 2006/07 204,533 Malaysia 113,900

Saudi Arab 63,700

2007 500,000 2007/08 249,051 Qatar 57,340

UAE 33,840

2008 800,000 2008/09 219,965 Kuwait 8,255

2011 1,200,000 projected

2011 pro-jected

294,094 Oman 3,285

Others 13’744

FOREIGN EMPLOYMENT

Source: Department of Foreign Employment Promotion

18

Ministries

Participatory District Devel-

opment Program

Department of Labor

Department of Cottage & Small

Industry

CTEVT

Vocational Training and Community De-velopment ProgramTraining Institute

Skills for Em-ployment Project

NGOs

Training for Em-ployment

F-skill

Rural Develop-ment Bank

IV. VOCATIONAL TRAINING PROGRAM

19

1. Gap between policies, plans, programs and

implementation2. Access/ Re-sources

Labor Market Rigidities

3. Political Stabil-ity

4. Weak Gover-nance

5. Infrastructure shortcomings

V. CONSTRAINTS & OBSTACLES

20

VET

1Develop model giving value to voca-tional training and skills.

2Give opportu-nity to school dropout and rural people.

3Adopt rapidly changing de-mands of la-bor market

VI. CONCLUSION

21

REFERENCES

ADB, DFID & ILO. (2009). Country Diagnostics Studies

Highlights Nepal: Critical Development Constraints.

Central Bureau of Statistics, Government of Nepal. (2004).

Nepal Living Standard Survey 2003/04.

Central Bureau of Statistics. (2009). Report on the Nepal

Labor Force Survey 2008.National Planning

Commission Secretariat, Government of Nepal.

National Planning Commission. (2005). Implementation of

the Brussels Program of Action for the LDCs for the

Decade 2001 – 2010. Progress Report Nepal.

22

THANK YOU