Victor Gau Information Processing Lab....

YINFORMATION PROCESSING LABORATORY

Multimedia Networking

Victor GauInformation Processing Lab.

2008/03/07

Outline

• Introduction• Network Basics• Quality of Service• Applications

– VoIP– IPTV– Telematics

Multimedia• Multimedia (Lat. Multum + Medium) is media that

utilizes a combination of different content forms.

Text Audio Still Image

Animation Video Interactivity

Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multimedia

A Digital Communication System

Channel Encoder

munication C

hannel

Source Encoder

Channel Decoder

Source Decoder

Modulator

Demodulator

Digital Analog/RF

Audio Coding Standards

• MPEG-1 three Audio Layers – MP3 is actually MPEG-1 Layer 3.

• Dolby AC3 Audio Coding (5.1 channels, DVD)• MPEG-2 Audio (Backward Compatible “BC”, and

Advanced Audio Coding “AAC”)• MPEG-4 Audio (AAC) & High Efficiency AAC• Microsoft Windows Media 9 Audio (WMA9)

– multi-channel music distribution and movie sound tracks at broadband rates (e.g., encode 5.1 channels at 128 Kbps)

Video Coding Evolution

2002: WMV 9, 15-50% better than WMV 8 (e.g., video smoothing)2004: VC1, HD version of WMV 9 (adopted in blue-ray HD-DVD)

Outline

OSI v.s. TCP/IP

Sender

Network Access

Internet

Transport

Application

Physical

User data

TCPHeader

IPHeader

NetwrokHeader

Application byte stream

TCPsegment

IPdatagram

Network-levelpacket

Receiver

Network Access

Internet

Transport

Application

Physical

User data

TCPHeader

IPHeader

NetwrokHeader

Application byte stream

TCPsegment

IPdatagram

Network-levelpacket

Layer 1 DeviceApplication

Presentation

Session

Transport

Network

Data Link

Physical

Application

Presentation

Session

Transport

Network

Data Link

PhysicalPhysical

Link / Hub / Repeater

Layer 2 DeviceApplication

Presentation

Session

Transport

Network

Data Link

Physical

Application

Presentation

Session

Transport

Network

Data Link

PhysicalPhysical

Ethernet Switch /Bridge

Data Link

Layer 3 Device

Network

Application

Presentation

Session

Transport

Network

Data Link

Physical

Application

Presentation

Session

Transport

Network

Data Link

PhysicalPhysical

Router

Data Link

Router Architecture Overview

Two key router functions:•

run routing algorithms/protocol (RIP, OSPF, BGP)

forwarding datagrams from incoming to outgoing link

Layer 4 Device

Transport

Network

Application

Presentation

Session

Transport

Network

Data Link

Physical

Application

Presentation

Session

Transport

Network

Data Link

PhysicalPhysical

Gateway

Data Link

The network edge:•

end systems (hosts):–

run application programs–

e.g. Web, email–

at “edge of network”

client/server model–

client host requests, receives service from always-on server

e.g. Web browser/server; email client/server

peer-peer model:–

minimal (or no) use of dedicated servers

e.g. Gnutella, KaZaA

The Network Core

mesh of interconnected routers

the fundamental question: how is data transferred through net?–

circuit switching: dedicated circuit per call: telephone net

packet-switching: data sent thru net in discrete “chunks”

Elements of a wireless network

network infrastructure

infrastructure mode•

base station connects mobiles into wired network

handoff: mobile changes base station providing connection into wired network

Elements of a wireless networkAd hoc mode•

no base stations•

nodes can only transmit to other nodes within link coverage

nodes organize themselves into a network: route among themselves

Wireless Technologies

Reflection (R), Scattering (S), Diffraction (D).

Multipath Propagation

Inter Symbol Interference (ISI)

Outline

Best-effort packet network• low bit-rate • variable throughput• variable loss• variable delay

Challenges• compression • rate scalability• error resiliency• low latency

Internet Media StreamingStreaming client

56K modem

Media Server

Internet

wireless

Delay and Jitter

I P P P P P P P P P I P P P P P

I P P P P P P P P P I

Latency

Sender

Receiver

Quality of Service (QoS) for Multimedia Networking

• ITU-T one-way VoIP delay recommendations– < 150 ms: good quality– > 250 ms: intolerable

• Delay Jitter: |(R2 -R1 ) –(T2 -T1 )|– < 40 ms: best quality– > 75 ms: unacceptable

• 1~2% audio packet loss for good quality (G.729, G.723.1, good MOS score)

• 3~5% video packet loss is acceptable (intra or inter- coded frame)

Network Layer Unicast & Multicast Streaming

Media ServerClient

Unicast

Media Server Client

Multicast

Application Layer Multicast Streaming: CDN and P2P

CDN Overlay

ClientMedia Server Media Server Client

CDN P2P

Outline

VoIP – e.g. Skype

IPTV – e.g. JOOST

Military Communications

Source: www.meshdynamics.com

Telematics (Telecommunication + Informatics)

Dedicated Short Range Communication (DSRC)

PReVENT - WILLWARN

Victor Gau Information Processing Lab....

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