USH2 Unit 3: Conflict and Compromise shaping politics, economics, and culture of the US Lesson 3.2...

USH2 Unit 3: Conflict and Compromise shaping politics, economics, and culture of the

US

Lesson 3.2 =The Rise of Industry

Activate

• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Spgdy3HkcSs• 1.• 2.• 3.

Frayer Model / Free Enterprise

THE RISE OF INDUSTRY

SETTING THE STAGE• AMERICAN BUSINESS AND INDUSTRY GREW RAPIDLY AFTER THE END OF

THE CIVIL WAR. INDUSTRIALIZATION CHANGED THE WAY PEOPLE LIVED AND WORKED.

THE UNITED STATES INDUSTRIALIZES

• AFTER THE CIVIL WAR, MANY PEOPLE LEFT THEIR FARMS TO FIND WORK IN FACTORIES• BY THE LATE 1800’S, THE USA

HAD BECOME THE WORLDS LEADING INDUSTRIAL NATION• BY 1914, THE GNP WAS 8 TIMES

GREATER THAN 1865

NATURAL RESOURCES

• ONE REASON THAT INDUSTRY EXPANDED WAS AN ABUNDANCE OF NAT. RESOURCES = COAL AND TIMBER• THE TRANSCONTINENTAL RR

CONNECTED RESOURCES IN WEST TO FACTORES IN EAST• PETROLEUM ALSO BEING

DEVELOPED= CLEANER THAN COAL• IN 1859 EDWIN DRAKE DRILLED

THE FIRST OIL WELL NEAR TITUSVILLE, PA. = OIL = EXPANDS ECONOMY

A LARGE WORKFORCE

• GROWING POPULATION = LARGE WORKFORCE AND MORE DEMAND FOR GOODS PRODUCED• POPULATION INCREASED AS A

RESULT OF LARGE FAMILIES AND IMMIGRATION• 1870-1910 = OVER 20 MILLION

IMMIGRANTS COME TO THE USA

AP 1 : Think Pair Share

• Make a list of the things that are required for the USA to become an industrialized nation. What do we have to have?

NEW INVENTIONS

• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jd3tTAS6t1M

• I876 = BELL DEVELOPS TELEPHONE =• CHANGES BUSINESS AND

COMMUNICATION• THOMAS EDISON INVENTS

PHONOGRAPH AND LIGHTBULB • IN 1882 AN EDISON COMPANY

BEGINS PROVIDING ELECTRICITY TO NYC = CHANGED AMERICAN SOCIETY• 1877 = GUSTAVIS SWIFT SHIPPED

FIRST REFRIGERATED LOAD OF FRESH MEAT

AP 2: American Inventions of the late 1800’s and early 1900’s

• 3-2-1

TECHNOLOGY’S IMPACT

• NEW MACHINES HELPED TEXTILE INDUSTRY PRODUCE CLOTH FASTER• CLOTHING BUSINESS MOVED

FROM SMALL SHOPS TO LARGE FACTORIES• PRICE OF PRODUCT DROPPED =

EVERYDAY PEOPLE CAN AFFORD ITEMS ONCE RESERVED ONLY FOR RICH

FREE ENTERPRISE

• FREE ENTERPRISE ALSO HELPED INDUSTRY EXPAND• MANY EMBRACED LAISSEZ-FAIRE

= GOV’T SHOULD NOT INTERFERE W/ ECONOMY = COMPETITION GOOD • THE CHANCE TO GAIN WEALTH

ATTRACTED ENTREPRENEURS• US GOV WAS LAISSEZ FAIR IN

LATE 1800’S = PROFIT MOTIVE• MANY BELIEVED TARIFFS (MORILL

TARIFF) HELPED AMERICAN INDUSTRY COMPETE

THE RAILROADS

• MAJOR RAILROADS, INCLUDING THE TRANSCONTINENTAL RAILROAD, WERE CONSTRUCTED RAPIDLY AFTER THE CIVIL WAR ENDED. RAILROADS REQUIRED MAJOR CAPITAL INVESTMENT AND GOVERNMENT LAND GRANTS. THE HUGE PROFITS TO BE MADE, HOWEVER, LED TO SOME CORRUPTION AS WELL.• RAILROAD EXPANSION LEADS TO INDUSTRIAL GROWTH BY INCREASING

MARKETS FOR MANY PRODUCTS AND MONEY SPENT ON RESOURCES.

AP: Summarizing

• How did each of the following impact the American economy?

• New Technology and inventions

• Free Enterprise

• Railroads

Assignment

• Complete the Guided reading for “The Rise of Industry”• 5 W’s and How

Learning Log• SUMMARIZE IN YOUR OWN WORDS WHAT YOU LEARNED

TODAY…..HERE IS A HINT:• WHAT FACTORS ALLOWED THE UNITED STATES TO BECOME AN

INDUSTRIAL POWER?• HOW DID THE PRINCIPLES OF FREE ENTERPRISE ENCOURAGE THE RISE

OF INDUSTRY? • HOW DID THE PRINCIPLES OF LAISSEZ-FAIRE ENCOURAGE THE RISE OF

INDUSTRY? • HOW DID “PROFIT MOTIVE” ENCOURAGE THE RISE OF INDUSTRY?• HOW DID RAILROAD EXPANSION LEAD TO INDUSTRIAL GROWTH?• WHAT WERE THE POSITIVES AND NEGATIVES OF INDUSTRIALIZATION?• WHO WERE ROBBER BARONS?• WHO WERE “CAPTIANS OF INDUSTRY”?

USH2 Unit 3: Conflict and Compromise shaping politics, economics, and culture of the

US

Lesson 3.2 =Part 2 From populism to progressivism

Part 2: From Populism to Progressivism

• Activating• With a partner, brainstorm the

positives AND negatives of Industrialization?• (Robber Barons vs. Captains of

Industry.

Frayer Model: Populism

POPULISM

• FARMERS TAKE A STAND AGAINST THE “ROBBER BARRONS”• AFTER THE CIVIL WAR, FALLING

CROP PRICES AND DEFLATION MADE IT HARD FOR FARMERS TO MAKE A LIVING. • FARMERS TRIED TO OVERCOME

THESE PROBLEMS BY FORMING ORGANIZATIONS SUCH AS THE GRANGE AND THE FARMERS ALLIANCE. • IN THE 1890’S MANY FARMERS

JOINED THE POPULIST PARTY.

FARMERS ARE CONCERNED ABOUT THE MONEY SUPPLY

• GOLD BUGS = WEALTHY INDUSTRIALISTS AND BANKERS…TIGHT MONEY• SILVERITES = FARMERS, SMALL

BUSINESSES…..LOOSE MONEY• AS MONEY INCREASED IN VALUE,

DEFLATION SETS IN• DEFLATION HITS FARMERS HARD

DUE TO RISING INTEREST RATES DUE TO DEFLATION• https://

www.youtube.com/watch?v=HeTkT5-w5RA

AP: Talking Heads

• 1) Who are Gold Bugs and what do they want?• 2) Who are silverites and what do they want?

THE GRANGE TAKES ACTION

• THE NATIONAL FARM ASSOCIATION, OR THE GRANGE, WAS FORMED IN 1867• THE GRANGE PRESSURED STATE

LEGISLATURES TO REGULATE RR INDUSTRY AND WAREHOUSE RATES• THEY ALSO TRIED TO CREATE

COOPERATIVES TO INCREASE PRICES AND LOWER COSTS

THE RISE OF POPULISM

• THE KANSAS FARMERS ALLIANCE FORMED THE PEOPLE’S PARTY, BETTER KNOWN AS THE POPULIST PARTY IN 1890• IN 1892 THE POPULIST PARTY HELD

ITS FIRST NATIONAL CONVENTION • THE CONVENTION LED TO THE

POPULIST PLATFORM:• COINAGE OF SILVER TO REDUCE

DEFLATION• FEDERAL OWNERSHIP OF RR’S• GRADUATED INCOME TAX• 8 HOUR WORK DAY • LIMITS ON IMMIGRATION

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=V6ueX6hqzNk

• For• Dummies!! • https://

www.youtube.com/watch?v=V6ueX6hqzNk

THE ELECTION OF 1896

•WILLIAM JENNINGS BRYAN (DEMOCRAT AND SUPPORTED BY POPULISTS DUE TO BEING A SILVERITE) VS. WILLIAM MCKINLY-475•MCKINLY WINS A DECISIVE

VICTORY LEADING TO DECLINE OF POPULIST PARTY• SOME OF THE REFORMS

THAT POPULISTS DID SEEK CAME ABOUT IN LATER DECADES!

AP: What does the Populist Party stand for?

THE ROOTS OF PROGRESSIVISM

• THE PROGRESSIVE ERA WAS A TIME WHEN MANY AMERICANS TRIED TO IMPROVE THEIR SOCIETY. THEY TRIED TO MAKE GOVERNMENT HONEST, EFFICIENT, AND MORE DEMOCRATIC. THE MOVEMENT FOR WOMEN’S SUFFRAGE GAINED MORE SUPPORT, AS DID EFFORTS TO LIMIT CHILD LABOR AND REDUCE ALCOHOL ABUSE.

THE RISE OF PROGRESSIVISM

• PROGRESSIVISM WAS A MIX OF IDEAS AND VIEWS ON HOW TO FIX THE NATIONS PROBLEMS.*• MOST PROGRESSIVES BELIEVED

THAT INDUSTRIALIZATION AND URBANIZATION HAD CAUSED MANY SOCIAL PROBLEMS*• ALL BELIEVED THE GOVERNMENT

SHOULD PLAY AN ACTIVE ROLE IN SOLVING SOCIETY’S PROBLEMS*• THEY ALSO BELIEVED PEOPLE

SHOULD FIX SOCIETY BY APPLYING SCIENTIFIC PRINCIPLES TO THEM

THE MUCKRAKERS• JOURNALISTS WERE THE FIRST TO EXPRESS PROGRESSIVE IDEAS*• “MUCKRAKERS” EXAMINED SOCIAL CONDITIONS AND POLITICAL

CORRUPTION*• IDA TARBELL PUBLISHED ARTICLES ABOUT THE PRACTICES OF THE

STANDARD OIL COMPANY• LINCOLN STEFFENS REPORTED ON POLITICAL CORRUPTION• JACOB RIIS WROTE ABOUT POVERTY AND DISEASE IN IMMIGRANT

NEIGHBORHOODS*

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=i0Q4zPR4G7M

• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=i0Q4zPR4G7M

• Crash Course!

AP 2: Progressivism

REFORMING GOVERNMENT

• IN MOST CITIES, THE MAYOR OR CITY COUNCIL CHOSE THE HEADS OF CITY DEPARTMENTS = CORRUPTION• BOSSES OF POLITICAL PARTIES

CONTROLLED WHO RAN FOR OFFICE• POLITICAL MACHINES

INFLUENCED THE ELECTION OF SENATORS

REFORMING GOVERNMENT - CONTINUED

• SOME BELIEVED GOVERNMENT SHOULD BE RUN BY EXPERTS = TWO REFORMS• A COMMISION PLAN AND

COUNCIL-MANAGER SYSTEM BOTH ENSURED SPECIALISTS WOULD RUN CITIES

DEMOCRATIC REFORMS

• OTHERS BELIEVED SOCIETY NEED MORE DEMOCRACY• FIVE REFORMS=• DIRECT PRIMARY = PARTY MEMBERS

VOTE FOR CANDIDATE• INITIATIVE = ALLOWED GROUP OF

CITIZENS TO REQUIRE LEGISLATURE TO VOTE ON LAWS GROUP INTRODUCED*• REFERENDUM = PROPOSED LAWS

PUT TO VOTERS FOR APPROVAL*• RECALL = VOTERS CAN REMOVE

ELECTED OFFICIAL*• 17TH AMENDMENT GAVE VOTERS

RIGHT TO ELECT SENATORS DIRECTLY

SUFFRAGE

• THE SENECA FALLS CONVENTION (1848) LUANCHED THE SUFFRAGE MOVEMENT = WOMEN’S RIGHT TO VOTE!!!!!• MOVEMENT SPLIT AFTER 14TH

AND 15TH AMENDMENTS TO PROTECT AFRICAN AMERICAN VOTING RIGHTS :• NATIONAL WOMENS SUFFRAGE

ASSOCIATION WANTED CONGRESS TO PASS AMENDMENT• THE AMERICAN WOMEN’S

SUFFRAGE ASSOCIATION WANTED STATE GOVERNMENTS TO GRANT SUFFRAGE

SUFFRAGE - CONTINUED

• IN 1890 THE TWO GROUPS FORMED THE NATIONAL AMERICAN WOMEN SUFFRAGE ASSOCIATION (NAWSA)• IN 1919, THE SENATE PASSED THE

NINETEENTH AMENDMENT GUARANTEEING WOMEN THE RIGHT TO VOTE*• STATES RATIFIED IT IN 1920

AP 3: Word Splash/progressivism

Activity

• 1) Research the progressive agenda’s of the following Presidents (list at least 5 for each):• Teddy Roosevelt 1901-1909(square deal)• William Howard Taft 1909-1913• Woodrow Wilson 1913-1921 (New Freedom)

• 2) ATSU CITIES• 3-2-1

Learning Log

• IN YOUR OWN WORDS,SUMMARIZE WHAT YOU HAVE LEARNED TODAY IN 5-7 SENTENCES• WHAT IS THE SIGNIFICANCE OF THE “GOSPEL OF WEALTH”?• WHAT FACTORS CONTRIBUTED TO FARMERS UNREST IN THE 1890’S?• WHAT ISSUES DID THE DEMOCRATS SUPPORT IN THE 1896

ELECTION?• WHY DID THE POPULISTS SUPPORT WILLIAM JENNINGS BRYAN?• WHO WERE PROGRESSIVES?• WHAT WAS A MUCKRAKER?• WHAT WERE SOME OF THE PROBLEMS EXPOSED BY MUCKRAKERS?