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Chapter Page 1 UNIT #3 Farms, Forests and Factories The Lumber Industry
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UNIT #3 Farms, Forests and Factories The Lumber Industry
Chapter The Forestry Industry
Page 1
-As settlement spread across the U.S. (westward), the demand for lumber increased
-Settlement on the Great Plains was increasing, with very little timber there to support the region’s growth
-The forests of Michigan, Wisconsin and Minnesota would support growth there
-Settlers needed wood to make tools, shingle, doors and general lumber for building homes, barns
UNIT #3 Farms, Forests and Factories The Lumber Industry
Chapter
Page 1
UNIT #3 Farms, Forests and Factories The Lumber Industry
Chapter The “Pinery”
Page 1
-Northern Wisconsin held one of the largest stands of white pine in the world
-It soon became known as the “Pinery”
-Some of the largest white pines in Wisconsin were: -8 feet wide -200 feet tall -500 years old
-White pines was a desirable variety of wood because: -It resisted rotting
-It floated (high in the water) -The logs were straight
-It was soft and easy to cut-Had no real odor
UNIT #3 Farms, Forests and Factories The Lumber Industry
Chapter Lumbering
Page 1
-Lumbering in WI began in the mid 1800s
-It was centered first in Stevens Point on the Wisconsin River
-Lumberjacks, Europeans, Euro-
Americans and tribal members worked during the winter
-Snow and ice allowed lumberjacks to, more easily, transport logs
UNIT #3 Farms, Forests and Factories The Lumber Industry
Chapter On the Rivers
Page 1
-When rivers thawed in spring, lumberjacks floated the logs downriver—on a log drive
-Logs were stamped by logging companies for identification and sorting
-Logs had to be tended to along the way by lumbermen
-Log jams were a potential problem and caused delays
-Sawmills had to be located along rivers to accommodate log drives
UNIT #3 Farms, Forests and Factories The Lumber Industry
Chapter On the Rivers
Page 1
UNIT #3 Farms, Forests and Factories The Lumber Industry
Chapter Railroads, Not Rivers
Page 1
-Railroad transformed the entire lumber industry
With Railroads:
•Logs could be moved over land
•Logging camps moved off the rivers
•More forest (previously unreachable) could be harvested
•Hardwoods could be harvested
•Lumbering could be done year round
UNIT #3 Farms, Forests and Factories The Lumber Industry
Chapter The Sawmill
Page 1
-Cities grew up quickly around sawmills
-Known as “sawdust cities”
-By the mid 1880s, lumber-related jobs became the #1 employment in WI
UNIT #3 Farms, Forests and Factories The Lumber Industry
-In the 1890s, WI logging reached its peak
-Lumber barons (mill owners) became wealthy and powerful in these cities (& state)
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