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Unit 3: Called to Be and Relate
Think back to the “others” we discussed on Day 1
Lesson 1 - Sociology
Definition - Sociology The scientific
study of human social relations or group life.
An example of a social network diagram.→
Source:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social_networkSource: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social_network
Explanation Sociologists examine the ways in which
the following influence society: social structures and institutions
Class Family Community power
social problems Crime Abuse (various forms)
History The concept of a
civil society, as separate from the state is from the 17th century
The writings of Hobbes & Locke anticipated the later focus of sociology
← John Locke, 1632-1704
Thomas Hobbes, 1588-1679→
Origins The term sociology was first
used by the French philosopher Auguste Comte in 1838.
His vision was to create a ‘new science’ that would ‘discover’ laws of human society similar to the laws of the physical sciences
Auguste Comte also coined the word altruism.
Auguste Comte,
1798-1857
Origins (continued) The British
philosopher Hebert Spencer adopted both Comte’s term, or definition of sociology as well as his mission to “discover the laws of human society”
Herbert Spencer, 1820-1903
Other early Sociologists
Several 19th century sociologists are also counted among the founders or proponents of sociology. They include the following:
Alexis de Tocqueville,
1805-1859
John Stuart Mill,
1806-1873
Karl Marx,
1818-1883
Related fields
Within social science sociology is closely related to: Economics
Political science
Anthropology
Psychology
Developments Despite its European origins, sociology
as a discipline did not get academic recognition until the late 19th and early 20th century in continental Europe
In the U.S. sociology emerged as a distinct area of study and dominated well into the 20th century
In Britain sociology did not get started as an academic discipline until the 1960’s
Fields of Sociology Sociology was initially viewed as a
synthesizing of several other fields of study, such as: economic, politics, family life and religion.
Now regarded as a separate discipline within and by other disciplines.
Subfields - traditional The subfields are those that concentrate
on social phenomena that have not been studied by the other social sciences they include: Marriage and the family Social inequality and social stratification Ethnic relations Deviant behaviour Urban communities Complex or formal organizations
Subfields – traditional 2
Some of the other traditional subfields include: Politics Law Religion Education The military
Subfields - modern
Some of the more modern subfields of sociology include: Gerontology (study of aging) Sociology of sex Sociology of gender roles Demography (population stats) Criminology
Preview Intro to Scrapbook assignment Next class: Images of God – The
religious basis for sociology
Note: End of grade ten lecture!
Research Methods: Observation By watching or becoming involved in the
group they are studying, sociologists gain first hand knowledge on their subjects.
May be done at any level including: Community Classroom Hospital ward Religious or political meeting Bars, casinos, etc.
Research Methods:Quantitative Methods
Quantitative sociology includes: the presentation of large amounts of
descriptive statistical data; sampling techniques; and the use of advanced
mathematical models and computer simulations of social processes.
Research Methods:Surveys The collection and analysis of
responses of large samples of people, through polls and questionnaires
These surveys are designed to elicit peoples opinions, attitudes, and sentiments about a specific topic.
Pre-election polling and market research are two examples of surveys
Emerging Trends Europeans have emerged as leaders and
thinkers in the field of sociology. Sociology of Gender emerged as a response
to feminist movements. Computers have allowed collection, storage
and analysis of vast amounts of data. Gerontology emerging as vanguard of
sociology as the population has begun to age
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