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Types of Early Childhood Programs
Chapter 2
Vocabulary Terms
Family child care home
Child care centers
Custodial care
Montessori approach
Head Start
School-age child care programs
Checking-in services
Parent cooperatives
Laboratory schools
Universal pre-kindergarten (UPK)
Accredited
Use pie graph on pg 37, 2-2
In addition…
Family child care homes• Child care provided in a private home with a
small number of children
Child care centers • Facilities that offer full day children’s programs• Most popular type of care and education • Some centers simply provide custodial care,
care focusing primarily on child’s physical needs
In addition…
Kindergarten • First Kindergarten
opened in 1837 by Frederick Froebel in Germany.
• Stressed play
• First American Kindergarten opened in Watertown,WI in 1856
• 3 basic scheduling patterns: ½ day, full day and full day/alternating
• Emphasizes the growth of the whole child
• Basic objectives to develop positive feelings about school, develop independence, develop positive self-concept
In addition…
School-age Child Care• Provide care for children
before and/or after school
• Sponsored by schools, houses of worship or child care centers
• An alternative is checking-in services, where workers call home to see if child arrived safely. This option is only for mature children who can take care of themselves until parents arrive.
Parent Cooperatives • Formed and run by parents
who wish to take part in their children’s preschool experience
• Parents make administrative decisions
• Fees are often less here than at other programs
• Parents serve as classroom aides
In addition…
Laboratory Schools• University and college
affiliated programs • Located on a college
campus • Serve as a study group
for research • Most have a highly
qualified staff, well-planned curriculum and up-to-date facilities
High School Child Care Programs • Help train future child
care professionals • High school students
plan and present the curriculum under supervision of a teacher
In addition…
Universal Pre-Kindergarten • Sponsored at the state level
• High quality, literary rich environment is provided.
• Designed for 3 and 4 year olds.
Montessori Schools
Maria Montessori
Developed the theory that children learn best by being active
Montessori Approach • Children “learn how to
learn”
• Children were allowed to explore materials that were meant to instruct
• Stressed independence
• Teachers provide little help
Head Start
Developed in the late 1960s by the federal governmentDesigned to overcome the negative effects of poverty on young children One of the most successful preschool and family support programs in the country Curriculum • Designed to build self-esteem • Variety of learning experiences
to meet the children’s needs in all four areas of development
• Parental involvement is at the heart of the program
Nutrition• Many do not receive nutritious
meals at home • At least one snack and one hot
meal is provided each day • Food is served that reflects the
child’s ethnic and cultural preferences.
• Designed to help children make healthy food choices and develop good eating habits.
Head Start
Health • All children given a
total health plan• Dental, medical,
mental health services provided for
• Children who have not had childhood immunizations prior to enrollment are given them
Parental Involvement• Recognizes the parent
as the child’s first teacher
• Parents are encouraged to help recruit new children, assist in the center, and take part in policy meetings
Sponsorship in Early Childhood Centers
Public Sponsorship • Funded by federal, state or local governments
• Some funds come through school districts
• Federally funded example: Head Start
• State funded example: laboratory school, high school child care program
Sponsorship in Early Childhood Centers
Private sponsorship• Rely on parent fees to cover most of operating
expenses
• May be operated by a house of worship, hospital or charitable organization
Sponsorship in Early Childhood Centers
Employer sponsorship • Reduces conflict between family and work
responsibilities
• Several options• company-owned on site care
• contracting out to childcare chains or firms
• vouchers
Selecting a Child Care Program
Find a program that welcomes the child and promotes all areas of the children’s development Cost LocationQuality• What are the program’s goals,
activities and schedule? • Variety and balance • Child to teacher ratio
Training and experience of staff Staff turnover ratesSafe Environment• Security system • Smoke detectors • Fire extinguishers• Evacuation plans• Clean• Well maintained
As a teacher, your role will be to give parents the needed information to make an informed decision
Center Accreditation
Being accredited certifies that a set of standards has been met by an early childhood program.
To be eligible, a center must: • A self-evaluation on 10 categories
• A validation visit conducted on-site by trained professionals
• A decision by a team of experts representing the National Academy of Early Childhood Programs
Chapter 2 Review
Describe one aspect of each type of program Know about Montessori and Head StartGive one example of each sponsorshipWhat are factors to consider when choosing a child care program? What is center accreditation? Study your vocabulary terms
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