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kaveedas chapter 04
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. , 3/5/2004 4-1 4 4. - 4.1 , . 1 () , x - uR (uR) (x) . (uRO),30-35%, . -. , (x) x-uR (uR).(uR) -(p), (po).(p) (x). () , . 1:-Panet . . , 3/5/2004 4-2 (uR) (x) . , ( 30-35% ). ., . (x) . uR(x) (x 4) , : ( )KE IRsf = 12 3 4.3.2.3 , : LRA EKsn=3LRI EKsf=: L = ( ) R = E = A = I = (), (Ksf) : ( )2 2321sin 2cos sin 1o oosnw Et LI ELRA ELRK +((
++ = : 2 = , = / n, (n) E= w = t= 4.3.2.4 , (Ksn) : . , 3/5/2004 4-14 1 42KabRLd EQsn b= +|\
|.| :(a,b) ,(R) ,(d) ,(b) ,(L) ,Q=0.03-0.05 m/MN ( ). (..) . (Ksn) (Ksf) 10 . Ksn (MPa)Ksf (MPa) 10cm2100.004 40cm25001.35 30cm 28000.50 140 1m, 1900.0025 4m, d = 18mm, 1m x 1m 22.50 PanetM.(1995)Lecalculdestunnelsparlamethodeconvergence-confinement, Presses de l Ecole Nationale des Ponts et Chaussees.
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