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Topography-The Physical
Features
And impact on human
development
Plateau
Archipelago
Delta
Cape
Gulf
Tributary
Isthmus
Strait
European Mountains
• Pyrenees divide but do not isolate
• Alps - highest range, central southern Europe
• Apennines, Dinaric, Balkans, Carpathians do not isolate
• Kjolen Mts.• Borders: Caucasus and
Urals• Irregular Coast and
Navigable Rivers lessen isolation
Latin American Mountains
• The Andes• Altiplano• Sierra Madres• Central Mexican Plateau
VERTICAL CLIMATE
• At Sea Level, Tropical Fruits and Crops Grown
• Temperate Vegetables, Coffee at higher zone
• Cold Zone: Potatoes• Vertical Climate allows a
variety of goods and trade among regions.
Middle East-Desert and Plateaus
• TURKEY: THE ANATOLIAN PLATEAU
• THE IRANIAN PLATEAU (dry)
• Saudi “Empty Quarter”• Most Live Near Fertile
Crescent, Nile, or Coast.
Africa:Vast Plateau, Poor Soil
• ATLAS MOUNTAINS• DRAKENSBURG
MOUNTAINS• RUWENZORI Mts.• GREAT RIFT VALLEY• Rivers do not unite
continent
Deserts
• Isolate People = little Cultural diffusion• Few Resources• Buffer Zone• Little to no arable land
ISOLATION
• The Andes isolate Chile from Argentina and slowed their wars
• The Chinese and Indians have developed separate cultures due to their isolation
How do mountains affect people?
• Isolate people – create borders– STOP CULTURAL DIFFUSION!!!!
• Lack arable (Farming) land• Natural Defense (Buffer Zone)• Separate people (Balkans in
Europe)• Colder due to vertical climate
(lower population)
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