Topic: Chemistry Aim: Describe the different states of matter. Do Now: Describe the location of...

Topic: ChemistryAim: Describe the different states of

matter.

Do Now: Describe the location of metals, nonmetals, metalloids and noble gases in the periodic table.

HW: Draw the solid, liquid and gas phases on the bottom of your notes.

States of Matter

1. Solid:

• Atoms packed together and move slowly (vibrate)

• Definite shape and volume

2. Liquids• Loosely packed

atoms that move faster

• Definite volume but no shape

• Take shape of container it’s in

• Atoms stick to each other (cohesive)

3. Gas• Atoms are loosely

arranged and full of energy

• No definite shape or volume– Assumes the shape

and volume of a closed container

4. Plasmahttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-B-U4ZiBoz4

• VERY high in energy

• Very rare on earth

• Ex:

The sun and all stars are almost entirely plasma (over 99%) both by mass and by volume.

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RnJBTmaRURU&feature=related

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XaDxwe8l3us&feature=related

Northern lights are also called by their scientific name, aurora borealis. It is a phenomenon that takes place in the upper atmosphere. Solar wind is a hot stream of plasma from the sun traveling into the galaxy. Sometimes a flare of plasma erupts from the sun and heads towards earth. When it reaches the upper atmosphere the Earth’s magnetic field attracts these electrically charged particles to the north and south poles and cause a spectacular spectrum of colors in the night sky.

Think about a fluorescent light bulb. They are not like regular light bulbs. Inside the long tube is a gas. Electricity flows through the tube when the light is turned on. The electricity acts as that special energy and charges up the gas. This charging and exciting of the atoms creates glowing plasma inside the bulb.

Lightning bolts are visible plasma trails left by the passage of the electric current that formed it. A typical lightning bolt carries a peak current of tens of thousands of amperes and has a peak temperature greater than 50,000ºF, about five times hotter than the surface of the Sun.

HW: Draw the solid, liquid and gas phases in the boxes at the end of your notes.

SOLIDGAS LIQUID

click here to see animations of a solid, liquid and gas

animations

• Molecular level phases

Let’s summarize… Identify the phase being described (solid, liquid or gas):

1. No definite shape or volume.

2. Takes the shape of the container it is in and has a definite volume.

3. Made up of high energy atoms.

4. Atoms are tightly packed together.

5. Molecules are cohesive.

6. Has a definite shape and volume.

Review: Identify the solid, liquid and gas! Support your answer.

The particles of a substance are closest together in

1. a solid

2. a liquid

3. a gas

4. plasma

The particles of a substance move most readily in

1. a solid

2. a liquid

3. a gas

The particles of a substance that does not have a definite volume or shape is

1. a solid

2. a liquid

3. a gas

4. plasma

Attractive forces are very strong between particles in

1. a solid

2. a liquid

3. a gas

4. plasma