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8/14/2019 Things You Need to Know Upfront No Quiz
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Things You need to KnowThings You need to Know
UpfrontUpfront
so that everything else willmake sense.
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History or Prehistory?History or Prehistory?
History is the recordedevents of the past.
Prehistory is the period oftime before writing
Archaeology is the scientificstudy of the physical evidence of
past human societies recoveredthrough excavation which helpsus understand prehistory as well
as documented events.
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Fact or Myth?Fact or Myth?
A fact is an event known tohave happened or somethingknown to have existed
A myth is a traditional storyaccepted as history; servesto explain the world view of apeople
Proof???
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Civilization orCivilization orStone Age?Stone Age?
The Old and New StoneAges cover the earliestperiods of human prehistory.
Civilization is a society inan advanced state ofdevelopment with writing,government, religion, jobsand social classes, arts andarchitecture, and publicworks
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22-4322-43 PaleolithicPaleolithic NeolithicNeolithic CivilizationCivilization
LivingLivingArrange-Arrange-
mentsments
NomadicNomadicSmall groups in the tensSmall groups in the tens
Settled in villages and smallSettled in villages and smallcommunities (100s)communities (100s)
Cities, trade, transportation,Cities, trade, transportation,1000s1000s
Tools andTools andTechTech
Stone, wood, bone,Stone, wood, bone,animal parts, used foranimal parts, used forweapons and toolsweapons and tools
Stone, wood, bone, animalStone, wood, bone, animalparts, used for weaponsparts, used for weaponsand toolsand tools
AND METALS LIKEAND METALS LIKEBRONZEBRONZE
Stone, wood, bone, animalStone, wood, bone, animalparts, used for weapons andparts, used for weapons andtools, metals like bronze,tools, metals like bronze,
AND IRON,AND IRON,
Food andFood andCommun-Commun-icationication
Hunting and Gathering,Hunting and Gathering,limited communicationlimited communicationcovering small regioncovering small region
Hunting and gathering,Hunting and gathering,FARMING ANDFARMING ANDDOMESTICATION OFDOMESTICATION OFANIMALS, trade beginsANIMALS, trade begins
which improveswhich improvescommunicationcommunication
Hunt, gather, farm, animals,Hunt, gather, farm, animals,increased trade, war andincreased trade, war andconquestconquest
Role of MenRole of Menand Womenand Women
Equal: both contributeEqual: both contributeequally to meeting theirequally to meeting theirneedsneeds
Farming led to maleFarming led to maledomination: men workdomination: men workaway from home and huntaway from home and huntwhile women take care ofwhile women take care of
the household, children,the household, children,and food prepand food prep
As cities grew men gainedAs cities grew men gainedmore and more power inmore and more power inmost societies. The weremost societies. The wereoften the warriors and rulersoften the warriors and rulers
of the landof the land
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Rise of CitiesRise of Cities
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City-States or Empire?City-States or Empire?
A city-state is anindependent, self-governingcity that incorporated itssurrounding territory,
including smaller towns andvillages
An empire is a state that
extends dominion overpopulations distinct culturallyand ethnically from theculture/ethnicity at the center
of power
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Continents/Regions and OceansContinents/Regions and Oceans
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Egypt and Mesopotamia MapEgypt and Mesopotamia Map
Egypt
Mesopotamia
Nile River
Tigris River
Euphrates River
Mediterranean Sea
Red Sea
Persian Gulf
Africa
Asia
JerusalemSumer
Giza
Upper Egypt
Lower Egypt
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Sumerian AchievementsSumerian Achievements
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Egyptian CivilizationEgyptian Civilization
Periods and Dates Characteristics
Old
Kingdom:2700BC-
2200BC
divine kings had mostly free farmers
and some slaves to build pyramids
(tombs) to provide hope for theirafterlife
Middle Kingdom:
2050BC-1650BC
pharaohs were concerned for their
people; period of expansion: CHAOS
New Kingdom:
1567BC-1085BC
militaristic; massive wealth; religious
revolution; Famous Pharaohs like
Hatshepsut, Ramses, Akhenaton, Tut
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New Centers of CivilizationNew Centers of Civilization
Civilization Lasting Achievements
Hittites Used iron
Phoenicians Developed an _alphabet_ that was passed onto the Greeks.
The __Roman_ alphabet that we use today is derived from
this alphabet.
Israelites The religion of the Israelites became a major world religion.
It is known today as Judaism and it influenced the religionsof Christianity and Islam. The Ten Commandments and thewords of the prophets became the basis for modern laws andideas of social justice. It was different from other religions in
western Asia and Egypt because it was __monotheistic__.
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New EmpiresNew EmpiresHow did the Assyrians communicatethroughout their empire?
Assyrians used relays of horses to carry messages along anetwork of roads to communicate throughout their empire
Who helped Persia become the largest
empire in the world and how far did it stretchCyrus the Greatruled with great wisdom andcompassion and helped make Persia the LargestEmpire in the World, but he respected other cultures.
He allowed the Jews, who had been brought to
Babylon in the sixth century B.C., to return toJerusalem.
Darius divided the empire into satrapies, orprovinces, each with its own satrap orgovernor to collect taxes, provide justice, andrecruit soldiers
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Features of Civilization in Egypt and MesopotamiaFeatures of Civilization in Egypt and MesopotamiaFeatureFeature MesopotamiaMesopotamia EgyptEgypt
CitiesCities
GovernmentGovernment
ReligionReligion
Jobs/Social ClassesJobs/Social Classes
Arts/Arts/AchievementsAchievements
WritingWriting
MesopotamiaMesopotamia FeatureFeature EgyptEgypt
Ur, BabylonUr, Babylon CitiesCities Giza, Cairo, Thebes,Giza, Cairo, Thebes,Gods rule the cities- theocracy-Gods rule the cities- theocracy-kings with divine right to rule,kings with divine right to rule,Code of Hammurabi= writtenCode of Hammurabi= writtencode of lawcode of law
GovernmentGovernment Dynasties=ruling families,Dynasties=ruling families,Pharaohs=Egyptian monarchs,Pharaohs=Egyptian monarchs,viewed as gods with absoluteviewed as gods with absolutepowerpower
Polytheistic: negative view of thePolytheistic: negative view of the
gods and afterlifegods and afterlife
ReligionReligion Polytheistic: provided securityPolytheistic: provided security
linked to naturelinked to naturePatriarchal, Nobles-Commoners-Patriarchal, Nobles-Commoners-Slaves, 90% farmersSlaves, 90% farmers
Jobs/SocialJobs/SocialClassesClasses
Pharaoh-Nobles and Priests-Pharaoh-Nobles and Priests-merchants artisans scribes-merchants artisans scribes-peasant farmers, women hadpeasant farmers, women hadmore rightsmore rights
Ziggurats, Wheel, PottersZiggurats, Wheel, PottersWheel, Bronze, 60 # system,Wheel, Bronze, 60 # system,Geometry, Arch, Dome,Geometry, Arch, Dome,
Arts/Arts/AchievementsAchievements
Pyramids=Old Kingdom, Temples,Pyramids=Old Kingdom, Temples,Mummification,Mummification,
Cuneiform,Cuneiform, The Epic ofThe Epic ofGilgameshGilgamesh
WritingWriting Hieroglyphics, The Rosetta StoneHieroglyphics, The Rosetta Stone
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Egypt and Mesopotamia ChartEgypt and Mesopotamia Chart
1.Of the vocabulary words that we havealready discussed, which ones apply toboth Egypt and Mesopotamia?
2.What stands out about Mesopotamia thatmakes it unique?
3.What stands out about Egypt that makes itunique?
4.Which one would you rather live in andwhy?
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New Centers of CivilizationNew Centers of Civilization
Copy the timeline.
Use Pages 54-64 to write three details for
each event.
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