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INTRODUCTION
• Declared Independence from Great Britain July 4, 1776
• Signed the Constitution September 17, 1787• Created our government
and explained the rights of every American
• Formed a Democratic Republic
Democracy: A government where the supreme power comes from the people
Democratic Republic: A government where the supreme power comes from representatives who are elected by the people
PREAMBLE
• The introduction; it establishes the purpose of government
• “We the People of the United States, in Order to form a more perfect Union, establish Justice, insure domestic Tranquility, provide for the common defense, promote the general Welfare, and secure the Blessings of Liberty to ourselves and our Posterity, do ordain and establish this Constitution for the United States of America.”
AMENDMENTS
• Amendments: There are 27 changes to the Constitution• The first 10 of these make up The Bill of Rights• Establish rights such as:
• Freedom of speech• Freedom of religion• Right to own a gun• Right to a fair trial• Freedom from being subjected to cruel and unusual
punishment• Freedom from having your property searched or taken
PRINCIPLES OF DEMOCRACY
• A principle is a rule that needs to be followed• When making a decision, the government abides
by certain principles• Popular Sovereignty• Federalism• Separation of Powers• Checks and Balances• Judicial Review• Limited Government
POPULAR SOVEREIGNTY
• Popular Sovereignty means that people are the source of the government’s power• Popular = The
common/majority view of the people
• Sovereignty = Control/Power
• The common view of the people has power over the government
FEDERALISM
• Federalism means that the government’s power is divided between:• National government: Makes and enforces laws that
affect the whole country (Ex. Military)• State government: Makes and enforces laws that affect
an individual state (Ex. education)• Local government: Makes and enforces laws that affect
an individual district or county (Ex. Local courts)• Each level has its own purpose
SEPARATION OF POWERS
• The powers of the government are separated into 3 branches• The Legislative branch makes the laws
• Congress• The House of Representatives and the Senate
• The Executive branch enforces the laws• The President, Vice president, and president’s cabinet
• The Judicial branch reviews the laws• The Supreme Court
CHECKS AND BALANCES
• Checks and Balances is when each branch of government keeps the others in line• Example: If the Legislative branch makes a law that the
Executive branch (the president) doesn’t like, then the president can veto the law
• Example: If the Legislative branch makes a law that might violate the Constitution, then the Judicial branch can determine whether the law is good or not
JUDICIAL REVIEW
• Judicial Review is when the Judicial branch reviews whether or not a law is constitutional• Example: When the
Supreme Court overruled the act of Segregation in schools and other public places
LIMITED GOVERNMENT
• Limited Government limits the government to what is written in the Constitution• Example: Police can’t search or take your property
without probable cause or a search warrant• Example: Reduce government spending
• (small government v. big government)
548 billion dollars or $548,915,000,000 or ½ a trillion dollars
672 billion dollars or $672,932,000,000
The U.S. government spends 1 million dollars every 5 seconds, approximately 3.1 trillion per year
LIMITED GOVERNMENT
What is the National Debt?
16 trillion dollars$16,059,381,774,500.53Approximately $51,073 per AmericanApproximately $140,369 per taxpayer
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