The Transient Universe: AY 250 Spring 2007 Extra Solar Planets Geoff Bower

The Transient Universe: AY 250 Spring 2007

Extra Solar Planets

Geoff Bower

Radial Velocity Detection of Exoplanets

Exoplanet Statistics from Radial Velocity Variations

Transits

HD 209458Henry et al 1999

Requirements for Transit Detection of Earth

• Photometric sensitivity ~ 10^-5

• Nstars >> 10^3

• Time resolution ~ hours

• Duration ~ years

• Continuous viewing

TrESTransiting Extrasolar Planet Search• 3 x 10 cm telescopes• 6 x 6 deg FOV• V< 16 mag• 0.005 mag in 10

minutes

TrES-2 Planet in Kepler Field

T=2.5 daysM=1.3 MJupR=1.2 MJupO’Donovan et al 2006

All Transiting Planets

Charbonneau et al 2006

TreS-1

HD 209458

Star spot causes bump

Scintillation Noise

TrESDunham et al 2004

Dravins et al 1997

< 1sec

Kepler

Kepler Observing Program

• 4 years• Continuous observing• 100 square degrees• 1.4m mirror/0.95 m

corrector• 2” pixels• 42 x 1024 x 2200

pixels• Photometry for

100,00 stars

Photometry for 100,000 Stars

• Subset of pixels selected from photometry

• Integrated for 15 minutes

• Smaller subset with 1 minute integrations10^7 measurements/day x ~10-100

pixels/star GB/day

• Poisson Noise ~ 1/sqrt(Nphotons)

• Poisson noise sets mirror size

• Stellar variability is the big unknown and factor to be controlled

Basri et al 2005

450,000 stars brighter than 15th mag

Most Stars Are Inactive

Solar Variability

Hall et al 2007

Stellar Variability

Variability Limits on Planet Size

Simulated Transit

Matched filter search

Semi-major axis

1500 Earth mass planets detected in first year4500 in four yearsAssuming 3 terrestrial planets/star

Planet Detection Validation

• 7 sigma detection (total) in >=4 transits

• Period constant to 10 ppm from at least 3 transits

• Duration, depth, shape consistent

• Star centroid the same in and out of transit– Reject background eclipsing star

• Radial velocity follow-up consistent

• High resolution imaging

The Transient Universe: AY 250 Spring 2007 Extra Solar Planets Geoff Bower

Documents

Bower Recipes - Google Docs

Bower Products Limited

457 BOWER PARK - taylorwimpey.co.uk

BOWER GROVE SCHOOL PROSPECTUS

Primary Beam Shape Calibration from Mosaicked Observations Chat Hull Collaborators : Geoff Bower, Peter Williams, Casey Law, Steve Croft, Dave Whysong,

Irs F J: G(Hlid Sec. a C'DBoard of Ellncation, Dr J II Diville pres, R II Ballcroft sec, C C Bower treas. Bower Colllmhils C (Buwer & Son). Bower Fred A (Bower & SOli). Bower lIall,

Don't worry with bower

Descendants of George Michael Bower - MetroCasthome.pa.metrocast.net/~sitcom/Microsoft Word - Descendants of... · Descendants of George Michael Bower 1 George Michael BOWER b: Feb

© 2005 Pearson Education Inc., publishing as Addison-Wesley The Planets Prof. Geoff Marcy The Nature of Scientific Theories Giants of Scientific Thinking

Transient Science with the Allen Telescope Array Geoff Bower Berkeley

Geoff Parcell - Opening Ceremony by Geoff Parcell

Psicologia Del Desarrollo - Bower

The Transient Universe: AY 250 Spring 2007 Existing Transient Surveys: Optical II: Robot Telescopes Geoff Bower

Primary Beam Shape Calibration from Mosaicked, Interferometric Observations Chat Hull Collaborators : Geoff Bower, Steve Croft, Peter Williams, Casey Law,

Bower Beauties Kit-1 - Andover Fabrics Beauties.pdf · Bower Beauties Featuring ˜e Bower Beauties Collection Fabrics by Kathy Hall with Jo Morton for the International Quilt Study

© 2005 Pearson Education Inc., publishing as Addison-Wesley The Planets Lecture 9 Geoff Marcy Light & Origin of the Solar System

Joe Bower Pictures

Proposed Subdivision – The Bower Stage 5 Site Classification · PROPOSED SUBDIVISION – THE BOWER STAGE 5 – BOWER ROAD, MEDOWIE 7 September 2018 2 NEW15P-0033H-AB Excavation

Yeoman + grunt + bower

By Geoff Kleinman Geoff@kleinman.com @GeoffK