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The Role of Technology in Adult Learning and Development in
Organization
Candace ChouUniversity of St. Thomasccchou@stthomas.edu
SlideURL:http://tinyurl.com/yzlhtp5
Outline
• Framework• Formal vs. informal learning• Examples• Trends
Formal Learning
Informal Learning
What is your definition of formal learning?
What is your definition of informal learning?
Photo credit: Jay Cross
Learning and Retention
NTL Institute “Retention Rates from Different Ways of Learning” (2000)
Learning and Retention
NTL Institute. (2000). Retention Rates from Different Ways of Learning.
Impact of Performance Mastery on Learning Strategies
Common Learning Needs Unique Learning NeedsCommon Learning Needs Unique Learning Needs
Common Curricula (Program Driven) Personalized Learning (Performer driven)Common Curricula (Program Driven) Personalized Learning (Performer driven)
Novice Competent Experienced Master/Expert
More Formal, Structured Training More informal, on-the-job learningMore Formal, Structured Training More informal, on-the-job learning
Classroom & Online learning KM, Collaboration & Performance SupportClassroom & Online learning KM, Collaboration & Performance Support
Training Practice, Coaching
Access to Knowledge & performance resources
Collaboration and problem solving
STRTAGY
E-Learning Hierarchy
http://udutu.com
What social media do you use?
Social Media for Organization Learning
The “Conversation Prism” (Brian Solis)
Benefits of Social Media
• Share information across more channels and provide better service delivery.
• Collaborate on a larger scale – build online communities.
• View learners as partners and co-creators, not just as recipients.
• Break down the walled gardens - make learning more searchable
• Reach a new generation of Digital Natives.
From John Wooden’s presentation
Personal Learning Environment
LMS PLE• Learner as consumer
of learning materials• Learner as “prosumer”
active in the creation of content
• Minimal personalization
• Learning opportunities and resources filtered by the learner’s interests, pushed thru RSS.
• Content comes from domain experts, teachers, etc
• Content comes from a variety of sources
• Minimal collaboration or exchange
• Many opportunities for collaboration, exchange
The % of learning represented by informal learning
Type of informal learning
% Type of formal learning
%
Experiencing on the job
45% Workshops 10%
Networking 30% Training programs 8%Mentoring & coaching 3% Special assignments 2%Manuals & instructions
2%
Total 80% Total 20%
Source: Atos KPMG Consulting
Where new technology can help informal learning
The traditional way The new technology wayAsk a neighbor Workflow learningSee the boss Search the internet or intranet
to find online knowledge sources
Talk to an expert Email an individualLook at a manual or a book Instant Message or Skype
someoneListen to a podcast Interact with others online via discussion forum
Source: Harrison, 2006
Best Buy
https://mix.blueshirtnation.com/
Target
http://www.thebreakroom.org/index.php
Networked Knowledge
IBM•Academy of Technology Virtual World Conference 2008
•Over 200 members globally
•Initial investment of $80,000
•A saving of $250,000 in travel and venue
•Same virtual venue can be reused
Characteristics of Adult Learners by Knowles
(Zielke, Roome, & Krueger, 2009)
Self ConceptDefinition: As a person matures his/her self concept moves from one of being a dependent personality toward one of being a self-directed human being
Virtual Words• Being able to learn independently of aninstructor or mentor.• Setting own pace for learning.
ExperienceDefinition: As a person matures, s/he accumulates life experiences to use as a learning resource
Virtual Worlds•Comparing novel topics to be learned with“common knowledge.”•Environment that allows sharing acquiredknowledge with others.
Readiness to Learn
Definition: As a person matures, s/he is ready to learn relevant skills andknowledge oriented toward the developmental tasks of his social roles.
Virtual Worlds• Seeing the use of learning a skill in its immediate application.• Choosing what to add to virtual-world inventory.
Orientation to LearningDefinition: As a person matures, s/he becomes less interested in acquiring knowledge for future use, and is more likely to learn in order to solve problems.
Virtual Worlds• Viewing practice opportunities as problem solving.• Immediate application of material to be learned.
MotivationDefinition: As a person matures, s/he operates more from a sense of internal motivation rather than for external rewards.
Virtual Worlds• Entering voluntarily into a virtual world.• Determining start/stop points.• Checking own progress, and re-learning if needed.
A Day in the Life of a College Professor
Tweet My Jobs
Class Calendar
Social Calendar
Del.icio.us
Del.icio.us Tags
Class Wiki
Communities of Practice (Wiki)
Video-Conferencing
Google Docs
Google Docs (Survey)
Technology Trends
• Mobile• Cloud Computing• Geo-everything• Personal Web • Semantic-Aware applications• Smart objects
– The Horizon Report 2009
Mobile Learning
• Tutorial, assessment, surveys, podcasts, eBooks, performance support, job aids…
• Mobile Augumented Reality Browser
Cloud Computing
Graphic: wikipedia
Geo-everything
Personal Web
Semantic-Aware Applications
Smart objects
Learning Trend 1
• Increasing globalization continues to affect the way we work, collaborate, and communicate.
The Horizon Report 2009
Learning Trend 2
• The notion of collective intelligence is redefining how we think about ambiguity and imprecision.
Learning Trend 3• Experience with and affinity for games as
learning tools is an increasingly universal characteristic among those entering higher education and the workforce.
Learning Trend 4
• Visualization tools are making information more meaningful and insights more intuitive.
Learning Trend 5
As more than one billion phones are produced each year, mobile phones are benefiting from unprecedented innovation, driven by global competition.
Other Trends?
References
• The Horizon report 2009, http://wp.nmc.org/horizon2009/• Harrison, M. (2006). 13 Ways of Managing Informal Learning. from
http://www.kineo.com/• NTL Institute. (2000). Retention Rates from Different Ways of
Learning. Retrieved Nov. 9, 2009, from http://www.cofc.edu/bellsandwhistles/research/retentionmodel.html
• Smith, M. K. (2002). Malcolm Knowles, informal adult education, self-direction and andragogy from http://www.infed.org/thinkers/et-knowl.htm
• Zielke, M. A., Roome, T. C., & Krueger, A. B. (April 2009). A Composite Adult Learning Model for Virtual World Residents with Disabilities: A Case Study of the Virtual Ability Second Life® Island [Electronic Version]. Journal of Virtual Worlds Research, 2(1). Retrieved April 17, 2009 from http://jvwresearch.org/.
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