The Polder Terminal Concept - Eventactevents.eventact.com/Ortra/IAPH2012/eric smit.pdf ·...

The Polder Terminal Concept23 May 2012Eric Smit – Director Business Development, Maritime & WaterwaysRoyal Haskoning

The International Association of Ports & Harborswww.iaphworldports.org

Innovative “Dutch” Initiative to Sustainable Terminal Design

International Association of Ports & Harbors

Content

• Royal Haskoning• Defini ti on • Inspiration• Port construction• Polder terminal

• Polder terminal• Container terminal operations• Polder quay structure• Water management• Conclusions

Royal Haskoning

n Consultants, architects, planners, engineersn 3,600 professionals n Established in the Netherlands in 1881

n World-wide global experience delivered locallyn Some 550 staff wo r ki ng in the por ts and shi pyar ds

engineering and consultancy sectors

“To create solutions for issues which concern the interaction between people and their maritime environment”

Royal Haskoning

The ‘innovative’ approach

Defini ti on of a pol der

A polder is a low-lying tract of land enclosed byembankments (barriers) known as dikes, that forms anartifici al hydrological entity, meaning it has no connectionwith outside water other than through manually-operateddevices.

The Netherlands – ‘polder’ country

International Association of Ports & Harbors8

Dutch History ‘Exported’

House within dike-ring – Vicksburg, Mississippi

And applied ‘domestically’

Borssele Nuclear Power Plant

Inspiration

Two events in 2009:

• Interview questionWhat goes wrong on a container terminal when it floods ?

• Container terminal projectTo be located on a tidal mud flat in As i a

Bangkok Airport Proposal - 1993

Suvarnabhumi Airport ready for floods ?

International Association of Ports & HarborsAirport within 3.5m high and 37m wide earthen dike and sheet piles

Polder terminal

• Suvarnabhumi International Airport (Bangkok)• Cost of raising by 2.5m (32 km2)• Settlement problems (20m soft clay)• Polder plan (De Weger / Royal Haskoning, 1993)

Reliable, Safe

Port construction

• Few on-shore locations left• Off-shor e devel opme nt s • Land reclamation (MV2 +5m CD)• Large volumes of good quality fill • High dredging, transport and placing cost

• High dredging, transport and placing cost• Environmental impact of dredging• Soil settlement• Soil improvement

Polder terminal

• Container terminal• Tidal mud flat al ong a ri ver • Tens of meters of soft mud• Large volumes of fill requi red • Extensive soil improvement required

Local knowledge

Prawn Farms, Vietnam

Terminal operations

Conventional terminal:• Quay, apron and yard all at same level• No problems with horizontal transport

Polder terminal:

Polder terminal:• Quay on higher level than yard• Operations - horizontal transport?• Quay, apron dike combination?• Dual Trolley Crane System

Terminal operations

International Association of Ports & HarborsFirst-generation automated container terminal

Terminal operations

International Association of Ports & HarborsSecond-generation automated container terminal(Euromax and Altenwerder)

Terminal operations

Crane efficiency i s det ermi n ed by t he shi p t rol l ey performance and not the terminal level

Quay wall dike structure

• Conventional structures• Land side wall is anchor wall• Combi wall is seepage screen

Quay wall dike structure

Landside view

Polder terminal layout

The concept

Water management

Water discharge:

• Discharge sluice• Electric pumping station• Use only wind generated power

• Use only wind generated power• Water level fluctuations allowed

Water management

Collection and storage:

• Polder water fresh or brackish• Water collection and storage system• Drains and gravel beds

• Drains and gravel beds• Drains and surface water (5%-10%)• Water level fluctuat i on al lowe d (no agr i cul tur e, no

historic buildings• Wetland development (nature compensation inside the

port)• Fish or algae farming

Water management

International Association of Ports & HarborsWater collection and storage

Fish & Algae Farming / Wetland Development

Dredging & Land Reclamation – Asia November 2011

Wind Energy for the pumps

International Association of Ports & HarborsWater discharge systems energy requirements

Cost ComparisonC

SURFACE AREA

Conventional ReclamationPolder

The psychological factor

The psychological factor (cont’d)

Conclusions

• Requires less fill • Less environmental impact through dredging• Nature may be included in terminal• Has been done before (Bangkok)• Less settlement of yard area

• Less visual impact of yard• Compatible with modern container terminal layout• Existing construction techniques• Adaptable to unanticipated sea level rising

The Polder Terminal Concept - Eventactevents.eventact.com/Ortra/IAPH2012/eric smit.pdf ·...

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