The Olympics

The Olympi

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The Olympi

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Origin of the Ancient Olympic

Games

Origin of the Ancient Olympic

GamesAn athletic and religious celebration

Held in OlympiaHeld every four yearsAs early as 776 B.C. – A.D. 393.

An athletic and religious celebration

Held in OlympiaHeld every four yearsAs early as 776 B.C. – A.D. 393.

Origin Myth #1

Origin Myth #1Hercules won a race

at Olympia and the decreed that the

race should be re-enacted every four

years.

Hercules won a race at Olympia and the decreed that the

race should be re-enacted every four

years.

Myth #2Myth #2Zeus began

Olympic games after defeating

Cronus

Zeus began Olympic games after defeating

Cronus

Myth #3Myth #3King Iphitos of Elis, in an

attempt to save his people from war, was instructed by the Oracle of Delphi to organize games in honor of the gods. The war was

stopped during these games.

King Iphitos of Elis, in an attempt to save his people from war, was instructed by the Oracle of Delphi to organize games in honor of the gods. The war was

stopped during these games.

Myth #4Myth #4Held in honor of Pelops,

king of Olympia and hero of Peloponnesian War. King Oenomaus challenged his daughters suitors. 13th

suitor, Pelops, with help of Poseidon who provided him

with divine horses and chariot, bribed Oenomaus’

charioteer (he pulled lynchpins). Oenomaus was killed and Pelops married

the princess.

Held in honor of Pelops, king of Olympia and hero of Peloponnesian War. King Oenomaus challenged his daughters suitors. 13th

suitor, Pelops, with help of Poseidon who provided him

with divine horses and chariot, bribed Oenomaus’

charioteer (he pulled lynchpins). Oenomaus was killed and Pelops married

the princess.

History of 1st Olympic Games

History of 1st Olympic Games

Probably began before 776 B.C.1st recorded in 776 B.C.Only competition was the stadion race (190 meters measured after feet of Hercules)

Abolished in A.D. 394 by Roman emperor, Theodosius I.

Probably began before 776 B.C.1st recorded in 776 B.C.Only competition was the stadion race (190 meters measured after feet of Hercules)

Abolished in A.D. 394 by Roman emperor, Theodosius I.

Ancient Olympic Events

Ancient Olympic EventsOnly involved Greeks

Had to qualify Only young people competed (women were allowed to participate in equestrian events)

Only involved GreeksHad to qualify Only young people competed (women were allowed to participate in equestrian events)

For Guys only….

For Guys only….

In 396 B.C. and in 392 B.C. – a Spartan princess named

Cynisca won the four-horse race. (Against

MEN!!!!)

In 396 B.C. and in 392 B.C. – a Spartan princess named

Cynisca won the four-horse race. (Against

MEN!!!!)

Oh No….Oh No….Competitors competed naked! As they were

celebration the weather and the achievements of

the human body!

Competitors competed naked! As they were

celebration the weather and the achievements of

the human body!

The Olympic Flame

The Olympic Flame•Honor of the theft of fire from

Zeus by Prometheus•“lit by the Sun on Mount Olympus”

•Torch appeared in modern day Olympics in 1928

•Modern torch relay was introduced in Berlin in 1936

•Honor of the theft of fire from Zeus by Prometheus

•“lit by the Sun on Mount Olympus”

•Torch appeared in modern day Olympics in 1928

•Modern torch relay was introduced in Berlin in 1936

Events

Events

PentathlonPentathlon•Jason of Argos•708 B.C.•Combination of five events: discus, javelin, long jump, running, and wrestling

•Jason of Argos•708 B.C.•Combination of five events: discus, javelin, long jump, running, and wrestling

BoxingBoxing•Invented by Apollo•688 B.C.•Did not use gloves; used himantes (leather throng around hands and wrists)

•Invented by Apollo•688 B.C.•Did not use gloves; used himantes (leather throng around hands and wrists)

WrestlingWrestling•708 B.C.•Orthia Pale - Upright wrestling – try to throw opponent to ground 3 times

•Kato Pale - Ground wrestling

•708 B.C.•Orthia Pale - Upright wrestling – try to throw opponent to ground 3 times

•Kato Pale - Ground wrestling

CanoeingCanoeing•1936-present•Paddling a canoe or kayak

•1936-present•Paddling a canoe or kayak

FencingFencing•1896•System of sword-based offense and defense

•1896•System of sword-based offense and defense

ArquebusArquebus•1896•Shooting

•1896•Shooting

PancratiumPancratium•648 B.C.•Event involving a combination of wrestling and boxing

•648 B.C.•Event involving a combination of wrestling and boxing

ApeneApene•500 B.C.•Chariot race with two mules pulling a chariot

•500 B.C.•Chariot race with two mules pulling a chariot

TethripponTethrippon•696 B.C.•A four-horsed chariot race for twelve laps

•696 B.C.•A four-horsed chariot race for twelve laps

SynorisSynoris•408 B.C.•A two-horse chariot race for eight laps

•408 B.C.•A two-horse chariot race for eight laps

DiaulosDiaulos•724 B.C.•Running race of 400 meters

•724 B.C.•Running race of 400 meters

StadionStadion•776 B.C.•180 meter foot race

•776 B.C.•180 meter foot race

DolichosDolichos•700 B.C.•Running race of 1,400 – 1,800 meters

•700 B.C.•Running race of 1,400 – 1,800 meters

HoplitodromosHoplitodromos•520 B.C.•A running race of 400 – 800 meters

•With armor

•520 B.C.•A running race of 400 – 800 meters

•With armor

HiplitdromosHiplitdromos

Horse RaceHorse Race

ArcheryArchery•1900 – today•Using bow and arrow

•1900 – today•Using bow and arrow

Tug-of-War

Tug-of-WarNot an event!Not an event!

How long did the Olympics last?

How long did the Olympics last?

•Festival grew to 5 days (3 for events and 2 for religious purposes)

•Final day – banquet•Winner – an olive branch

•Festival grew to 5 days (3 for events and 2 for religious purposes)

•Final day – banquet•Winner – an olive branch

The rings represent the five parts of the

world that were joined together in the

Olympic movement: Africa, the Americas, Asia, Australia and

Europe.

The rings represent the five parts of the

world that were joined together in the

Olympic movement: Africa, the Americas, Asia, Australia and

Europe.

Olympic WinnersOlympic Winners

•Heroes•Parades were held for them

•Some even got free meals for a year

•Heroes•Parades were held for them

•Some even got free meals for a year

HerodotusHerodotus•“Father of History”•Read his account of Persian War at the Olympics

•“Father of History”•Read his account of Persian War at the Olympics

Sites of the Modern-Day Olympics:- Athens, Greece

• 1900 - Paris, France 1904 - St. Louis, Missouri, USA 1906 - Athens, Greece1908 - London, England 1912 - Stockholm, Sweden 1916 - Canceled1920 - Antwerp, Belgium 1924 - Paris, France 1928 - Amsterdam, Holland 1932 - Los Angeles, California, USA 1936 - Berlin, Germany 1940 - Canceled1944 - Canceled1948 - London, England 1952 - Helsinki, Finland 1956 - Melbourne, Australia 1960 - Rome, Italy 1964 - Tokyo, Japan 1968 - Mexico City, Mexico 1972 - Munich, Germany1976 - Montreal, Quebec, Canada 1980 - Moscow, USSR 1984 - Los Angeles, California, USA 1988 - Seoul, South Korea 1992 - Barcelona, Spain 1996 - Atlanta, Georgia, USA 2000 - Sydney, Australia 2004 - Athens, Greece 2008 - Beijing, China2012 - London, United Kingdom

• 1924 - Chamonix, France 1928 - St. Moritz, Switzerland 1932 - Lake Placid, New York, USA 1936 - Garmisch-Partenkirchen, Germany 1940 - Canceled1944 - Canceled1948 - St. Moritz, Switzerland 1952 - Oslo, Norway 1956 - Cortina d'Ampezzo, Italy 1960 - Squaw Valley, California, USA 1964 - Innsbruck, Austria 1968 - Grenoble, France 1972 - Sapporo, Japan 1976 - Innsbruck, Austria 1980 - Lake Placid, New York, USA 1984 - Sarajevo, Yugoslavia1988 - Calgary, Alberta, Canada1992 - Albertville, France 1994 - Lillehammer, Norway 1998 - Nagano, Japan2002 - Salt Lake City, Utah, USA2006 - Turin, Italy2010 - Vancouver, Canada

Locations of the Modern-Day Summer OlympicsLocations of the Modern-Day Winter Olympics