The Indians came from Asia In the stone age. The plains Indians (In the middle West)

The Indians came from Asia In the stone age

The plains Indians (In the middle West)

The quest for land had

started well.

Indians helped thePilgrim Fathers survive their first winter.

The Indian generosity is still celebrated on Thanksgiving Day

The whites offered Indians presents

In order to buy their confidence

Even though they couldn’t have survived their first winter without them,the whites considered and presented the Native Americans as bloodthirsty savages and pagans who had no cultural heritage, while in reality they had a lot of traditions …..

They saw God (Wakan Tanka)In all the elements of nature

They lived close to nature

sunmoon

trees

The bear dance,which was said to bring luck

The sweat lodge

To get rid of the toxins in the body

For purification

The sun dance

To atone for their sins

TEPEES

CLOTHES

TOOLS

FOOD

BOWS AND ARROWS

THEY DEPENDED ON THE BUFFALO TO LIVE

THEY NEEDED THE BUFFALO TO LIVE

Sitting Bull

Chief Joseph

Geronimo

Crazy Horse

Little Big Horn Custer was annihilatedIndian victory

The Arapaho, Cheyenne, and Sioux tribes battled against the settlers' encroachment on their territory in the 1860s and 1870s; this fighting was of a special ferocity on both sides. Among all the battles, the Battle of Little Bighorn gained mythic status: on June 25, 1876, much of the 7th Cavalry Regiment under Lt. Col. George A. Custer was wiped out by a combined force of Sioux and Cheyenne under Sioux chiefs, Sitting Bull and Crazy Horse. Within a year, however, most of the Sioux and Cheyenne surrendered,

General Custer

Wounded Knee

Other Native Americans fought on—Chief Joseph and the Nez Percé in the late 1870s, Geronimo and the Apaches as late as the 1880s. The Indian wars ended with the massacre at Wounded Knee, South Dakota, on December 29, 1890, when Sioux warriors, women, and children were slaughtered by the US cavalry.

Indians were shut up in reservations and ruled by the Bureau of Indian Affairs

How were Indians shown in westerns?

Bloodthirsty savages

Faithless pagans

Barbarians

Dustin Hoffman

Little big man

LITTLE BIG HORNIndian victory 1868

DANCES WITH WOLVES

KEVIN COSTNER

PURPOSE: TO REHABILITATE THE INDIAN PEOPLE

Massacre of the Washita river

integrated an Indian tribe

A white boy who

Lieutenant John Dunbar

Kicking Bird

Smoke signals

Sherman Alexie

(Phoenix Arizona)

Victor Joseph is a young Native American in his late teens who lives on a reservation. His father drank, beat him

occasionally, and left home when Victor Joseph was eight. As the film begins, word comes that the father has died.

With another boy from the reservation Victor Joseph journeys to Phoenix to retrieve his father's ashes and his truck. On the trip Victor Joseph learns about the life his father lead and comes to terms with his own identity. "Smoke Signals" is said to be the first film that was

written, directed and co-produced by Native Americans.

From reservation Indians to American citizens

1924 They were granted American citizenshipThey were allowed to leave the reservations

1934 President Roosevelt promised a New DealHe tried to end land-splitting ,to re-establish tribal council, and to reaffirm t he Indian culture

1948 Voting Rights

From 1954 to 1970, they were encouraged to leavethe reservations

But it was often difficult to adapt .

The rainbow coalition

All minorities together

A.I.M.

Alcatraz

The fight

Worked for a unification of all tribes

19731969

Sioux reservation

Navajo reservation

A Pow Wow

In a Navajo reservation

Sioux deerskin shirt

In some reservations : unemployment,poverty, alcoholism

Indian CasinoOn the « rez »

Today Native Americans still fight to have a better life, better opportunities on reservations,Better professional training and health care.They keep fighting for their rights