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The dawning of the 5G era:
Current status and selected important technical challenges
Prof. Panagiotis DemestichasUniversity of Piraeus, Greece
IEEE 5G Toronto Summit14th November 2015
Outline
5G activities
– Overview, selected readings
– Selected readings: NGMN and use cases
Activity in EU: 5GPPP – high level overview
– Provides framework and resources for
Addressing selected challenges
Interacting/integrating with community
Selected challenges
– Flexible, multi-service, air interface below 6 GHz (FANTASTIC-5G)
– Flexible/efficient Hardware/Software (HW/SW) platform (Flex5Gware)
– QoS and capacity expansions (SPEED-5G)
Entities (new, or continuing their tradition in transforming ICT)
– New air interfaces (new features and system level simulation), HW/SW partitioning and component chaining, intelligence for MAC and management layers: WINGS ICT Solutions
– Advanced management functionality: Incelligent
– 5G development and experimentation: 5G Innovation Centre, University of Surrey
– Dissemination and networking events: University of Piraeus
Events: EUCNC’16 (European Union Conference on Networking and Communications
Conclusions2
5G activities: overview per geographical area
3
4G Americas
NGMN
ARIB-5GMF
5GForum
IMT2020
IEEE WWRF3GPPITU
5GPPP
GSMA
• ITU: International Telecommunication union
• GSMA: GSM Association• 3GPP: 3rd Generation
Partnership Project• IEEE: Institute of Electrical
and Electronics Engineers• NGMN: Next Generation
Mobile Networks• WWRF: Wireless World
Research Forum
• 4G Americas: 4th
Generation Americas• 5GPPP: 5th Generation
Public Private Partnership• 5GMF: 5th Generation
Mobile Communications Promotion Forum
• 5GForum: 5th Generation Forum
NetWorld2020
5G activities: selected readings
4
4G Americas
NGMN
ARIB-5GMF
5GForum
IMT2020
IEEE WWRF3GPPITU
5GPPP
NetWorld2020
GSMA
5GPPP, “eHealth”, Oct. 2015 5GPPP, “Energy”, Oct. 2015 5GPPP, “Automotive”, Oct. 2015 5GPPP, “Factories-of-the-Future”, Oct. 2015 NetWorld2020, “Research Beyond 5G”, Oct. 2015 NGMN “5G White Paper”, Feb. 2015 GSMA, “Understanding 5G: Perspectives on
future technological advancements in mobile”, Dec. 2014
WWRF, “5G Vision, Enablers and Challenges for the Wireless Future”, Apr. 2015
4G Americas, “5G Technology Evolution Recommendations”, Oct. 2015
4G Americas, “Inside 3GPP Release 13: Understanding the Standards for HSPA+ and LTE-Advanced Enhancements”, Sep. 2015
ARIB, “Mobile Communications Systems for 2020 and beyond”, Oct. 2014
NetWorld2020 ETP, “5G: Challenges, Research Priorities, and Recommendations”, Aug. 2014List not exhaustive … there are many more…
5G activities: selected readings: NGMN “5G White Paper”
Comprehensive set of use cases has been introduced
There are related categorization(s), e.g., into 3 (underlined) or 5 sets
5
Broadband Access in Dense Areas
Broadband Access Everywhere
Higher User Mobility
Massive Internet of Things (IoT)
Extreme Real-Time
Communications
Lifeline Communication
Ultra-reliable Communications
Broadcast-like Services
1. Mobile Broadband
2. Mission Critical Communications
3. Massive Machine Communications
4. Broadcast and Multicast Services
5. Vehicle 2 X Communications
Activity from EU: 5G-PPP (Public Private Partnership)
6 Source: W. Mohr, “The 5G Infrastructure Public-Private Partnership”, ITU GSC-19 Meeting, Geneva, July 15 and 16, 2015
Activity from EU: 5G-PPP – Selected challenges
7
Challenge 1New, flexible, multi-service air
interface below 6GHz –My group’s contribution:
New air interfaces features and system level simulation
Challenge 2Flexible/ efficient HW/SW
platforms –My group’s contribution:
HW/SW partitioning and chaining
Challenge 3QoS provision and capacity
expansion -My group’s contribution:
Advanced intelligence for MAC and management levels in 5G context
Flexible, multi-service, air interface below 6 GHz (Fantastic-5G)
To find a response to the strong growth of requested data rates (evolutionary effect)
To enhance the business model of operators by widening the pool of services (revolutionary target)
To develop a flexible and scalable multi-service air interface with ubiquitous coverage and high capacity where and when needed. The new air interface is targeted to be highly efficient in terms of energy and resource consumption as well as to be future proof.
8
Main motivations
Main objectives
Figure source: FANTASTIC-5G presentation in ICT2015, Lisbon, Oct. 2015
Web: http://fantastic5g.eu/http://wings-ict-solutions.eu/multi/FANTASTIC5G-PressRelease-FINAL.pdf
Flexible, multi-service, air interface below 6 GHz (Fantastic-5G)
9
From Services to KPIs
Mobile Broadband (MBB)
Mission Critical Communications (MCC)
Massive Machine Communications (MMC)
Broad- and Multicast Services (MBS)
Vehicle-to-Vehicle and Vehicle-to-Infrastructure Services (V2X)
Core services and related KPIs with different requirement levels
Flexible, multi-service, air interface below 6 GHz (Fantastic-5G)
Cell densification
Support of D2D
Support of V2X
Enhanced MIMO with/without cooperation
New frame design
New waveform design
Advanced multi-cell RRM
Advanced retransmissions
Low PAPR design etc.
10
Data throughput per area
Latency
Coverage
Mobility
Reliability/ Availability
Low cost
Low energy
From KPIs to improved PHY proceduresP
rim
ary
KP
Is
MBB
Seco
nd
ary
KP
Is
Flexible, multi-service, air interface below 6 GHz: Our group’s contribution: system level simulation (1)
From improved procedures to system level simulations
Modeling
– Modeling of targeted 5G environments based on service characteristics and system features
Definition of simulation scenarios
– Definition and configuration of a set of simulation scenarios based on 5G use cases
Selection of simulation scenarios
Execution of simulations & analysis
11
Flexible, multi-service, air interface below 6 GHz: Our group’s contribution: system level simulation (2)
Simulation capabilities
Implement the most important features of both LTE and LTE-A technologies
– Customizable network topologies, channel and propagation models (radio conditions), traffic models, mobility models
Is being extended for modelling 5G core services
Preliminary versions of the simulation environment are under development
Compliant with 3GPP LTE Rel.10+
Politechnico di Bari LTE simulator: http://telematics.poliba.it/lte-sim
Main innovations
Multi-service support and flexible network deployments with a user-friendly GUI
12 WINGS tool: Visualization of user’s density WINGS tool: Visualization of QoS
Red points denote higher user density around small cells
Green points denote good QoS, while yellow
denote medium QoS
Flexible and Efficient HW/SW Platforms (Flex5Gware)
Main motivations
Need for 5G HW/SW platforms with increased flexibility and meeting the requirements imposed by the anticipated exponential growth in mobile data traffic
– Also scalability, resilience
Need for serving a large diversity of applications
Need for identifying and prototyping key building blocks
Main objectives
Increasing the HW versatility and reconfigurability
Providing HW-agnostic, flexible and cost-effective SW platforms
Increasing the overall capacity of 5G communication platforms (as well as achieve further KPIs)
Decreasing the energyconsumed by 5G communication platforms
13
Web: http://www.flex5gware.eu/http://wings-ict-solutions.eu/multi/Flex5Gware_PressRelease.pdf
Flexible and Efficient HW/SW Platforms: High level overview of the concept (Flex5GWare)
Building blocks in 4 domains
Analogue HW components/architectures for multi-RAT and advanced semiconductor technologies
– E.g., mmWave
Mixed-signal technologies and conversion stages
– E.g., FDD, optical RF, converters
Digital front-end architectures and HW/SW function split
– E.g., FBMC, LDPC
SW modules, functions and interfaces enabled by virtualization technologies
14
Colored blocks denote technical heterogeneity, while grey ones stand for HW-agnostic functions and interface
abstractions.
Flexible and Efficient HW/SW Platforms: Our group’s contribution
Cognitive, dynamic HW/SW partitioning On top of functions virtualization incl.
network centralization (Cloud-RAN) Context aware decision making to
whether a function will be executed: – In SW or HW; – Either inside a network stack layer and/or
between multiple network stack layers.
Cooperation with management programs and monitoring agents
5G SW modules and functions Hardware abstraction of sensors in 5G
context for retrieving useful info and facilitating the dynamic selection of communication technologies and protocols
Flexible, reprogrammable and reconfigurable functional composition of SW and HW components at runtime
15
QoS provision and capacity expansion (Speed-5G)
Main motivations
Need for more capacity
Need for more spectrum
Need for better exploitation of resources across technologies
Need for better quality for application provisioning
Main objectives
SPEED-5G targets providing solutions at Layer 2, Layer 3 and above to enable enhanced Dynamic Spectrum Access with multiple RATs, and especially with FBMC
SPEED-5G can use in a coordinated way licensed, lightly-licensed and unlicensed spectrum mostly in dense and ultra-dense small cell networks
A new MAC and RRM for the 5G will be developed and evaluated throughout different Use Cases and Scenarios
16
Web: https://speed-5g.eu/http://wings-ict-solutions.eu/multi/Speed-5G_Project_Factsheet_Final.pdf
QoS provision and capacity expansion (Speed-5G)
SPEED-5G intends to break spectrum and technology silos for optimal service provisioning and quality of experience
Challenge on how to break the technological silos in a more flexible way in the longer term by exploiting and improving advanced flexible wireless technologies
Improving autonomous management of small cells in dense scenarios
17
QoS provision and capacity expansions: Our group’s contribution: extended DSA/RRM
Extensions to Dynamic Spectrum Access and (RRM)
Machine learning and prediction based solution to a complex problem
Involving 5G services and KPIs
Leveraging on various licensing schemes, allocation possibilities, wide range of spectrum
Handling a wide range of mobility cases
Leading to automated and robust solutions
Functionality partitioned between MAC and management layers
18
Sample of entities contributing to 5G development: WINGS ICT Solutions
19
Smart Wireless Access
5GProduct:Spin-out company
Incelligent
Cloud/ IoT Big data and Analytics
Commercial contracts
MigraineNet
Web: www.wings-ict-solutions.eu
• Smart Wireless Access• Device Management• Cloud Platforms; IoT; Wearables;
Nano-systems• Software networks; NFV; SDN;
Management and Orchestration• Big Data Platforms; Knowledge
Development; Predictive Analytics• Applications and Services
Sample of entities contributing to 5G development: Incelligent (having an eye on 5G)
Pain Predict as early as possible
areas that may have problems
20
Solution provided Knowledge management and
predictive algorithms Highly heterogeneous big data Multi-vendor Prescriptions or automatic
enforcement Offering knowledge to
application providers
Achievements Pilots with incumbent operator,
large vendor, Wi-Fi operators
Next step:
Enhancing set of
pilots
Web: www.incelligent.net
Entities: Development of 5G and 5G experimentation:5G Innovation Centre (5GIC) at the University of Surrey (1)
The 5G Innovation Centre (5GIC) at the University of Surrey is now the largest UKacademic research centre dedicated to the development of the next generation ofmobile and wireless communications.
Bringing together leading academic expertise and key industry partners in a sharedvision, the 5GIC will help to define and develop the 5G infrastructure.
At the heart of the 5GIC is a state-of-the-art testbed – the world’s leading independenttestbed for trialling emerging 5G ideas, proving concepts, validating standards andvendor inter-operability testing.
21
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ps:
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Entities: Development of 5G and 5G experimentation: 5GIC
Major achievements so far:
12 patents filed so far; highlights of some of them are:
Speed and spectrum efficiency– Highest-ever speed wirelessly
– >800x highest speed in 4G
– Interference is good
Uniform user experience, all over cell coverage– 15x capacity increase at cell edge compared with state-of-the-art technologies
Targets:– 2016: 5Gbit/s/Cell (in the Lab)
– 2017: 10Gbit/s/Cell (in the lab)22
Source: R. Tafazolli, “5G Innovation Centre”
Events (co-organized by University of Piraeus): European Conference on Networks and Communications (EUCNC 2016)
If you want to: “live the dawn of 5G” come to EUCNC’16 in Athens
Welcoming papers in the areas:
Air interfaces (PHY, MAC, RRM, respective developments towards 5G).
Optical communications/networks(access/core technologies, signal processing, components, etc.).
Software defined infrastructures (SDN, NFV, orchestration, etc.).
Management technologies (physical/virtualized resource management, predictive technologies, resilience and security, learning and self-optimization, cognition, architectures and standards).
Converging concepts (IoT/M2M, CPS, embedded and nanoscale systems, cloud/edge/fog computing, OTT, etc.).
Business aspects, vertical sectors, applications/services.
Testbeds and experiments.
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Date: 27-30 June 2016
Place: Athens, Greece
Over 700 participants
Numerous companies and academic institutions
Papers, exhibition, business discussionsWeb: www.eucnc.eu
Conclusions
Many 5G initiatives are taking place around the globe
A lot of research is carried out in order to have first 5G deployments by 2020 (demonstration of features happen earlier)
Europe has established the 5G Public-Private Partnership (5GPPP) in order to accelerate 5G R&D by investing more than EUR 700 mn, within phases, under Horizon 2020 programme
Synergies between various parts of the world are important
Synergies between key industries, SMEs and academia are important
24
Further references
P. Demestichas, A. Georgakopoulos, K. Tsagkaris, S. Kotrotsos, "Intelligent 5G Networks: Managing 5G Wireless/Mobile Broadband," IEEE Vehicular Technology Magazine, vol.10, no.3, pp.41-50, Sept. 2015
Y. Wang, J. Li, L. Huang, J. Yao, A. Georgakopoulos, P. Demestichas, "5G Mobile: Spectrum Broadening to Higher-Frequency Bands to Support High Data Rates", IEEE Vehicular Technology Magazine, vol.9, no.3, pp.39-46, 2014
P. Demestichas, A. Georgakopoulos, D. Karvounas, K. Tsagkaris, V. Stavroulaki, J. Lu, C. Xiong, J. Yao, "5G on the Horizon: Key Challenges for the Radio Access Network", IEEE Vehicular Technology Magazine, vol.8, no.3, pp.47-53, 2013
P. Demestichas, “Future Communications Networks towards 2020: Wireless/mobile broadband communications towards 2020 and 5G: driving forces and research challenges”, Panel presentation in Personal Indoor and Mobile Radio Communications (PIMRC), London, UK, 8-11 Sep. 2013
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