View
220
Download
0
Category
Tags:
Preview:
Citation preview
Who is in charge of the post-war world?Yalta Conference- Feb 1945
At Yalta, GB, USSR, and the US decide how to structure the post-war world
Decisions: Creation of the United Nations
(UN) Formed to protect member nations against aggression and prevent war
Difference from League of Nations - Permanent members of the Security Council could VETO proposals
Members with veto power - US, USSR, China, France, GB
Conflicts Cold War
Post - WWII, the United States and the Soviet Union are no longer allies
Differences in ideology lead to diplomatic hostility
Ideological Differences
Economics— Capitalism vs.
Communism Government—
Democracy vs. Totalitarianism
Values— Freedom vs.
Equality Individualism vs.
Collectivism
Superpower Aims in Europe
United States Soviet Union
encourage democracy in other countries to help prevent
the rise of Communist governments
encourage communism in other countries as part of a
worldwide workers’ revolution
gain access to raw materials and markets to fuel booming
industries
rebuild its war-ravaged economy using Eastern
Europe’s industrial equipment and raw materials
rebuild European governments to promote stability and create new
markets for American goods
control Eastern Europe to protect Soviet borders and
balance the U.S. influence in Western Europe
reunite Germany to stabilize it and increase the security of
Europe
keep Germany divided to prevent its waging war again
U.S. Counters Soviet Expansion
U.S. adopts policy of containment, pledges to support nations that resist communism
Truman Doctrine: Use $$$ to prevent spread of Communism
Marshall Plan economic aid to Western Europe
allows Europe to rebuild helps create markets for U.S. goods
Map Challenge!AustriaBelarusBelgiumCzech
RepublicDenmarkEstoniaFinlandFranceIrelandItalyLatvia
GermanyLichtensteinLithuaniaLuxembourgNetherlandsNorwayPolandPortugalRussia
SlovakiaSpainSwedenSwitzerlandTurkeyUnited KingdomUkraine
Conflict - Berlin Airlift
US and GB try to reunify Germany, combine zones into one territory
USSR holds West Berlin hostage
US airlifted supplies into city, allowing its residents to survive
A Divided World
The US and the USSR organize military alliances
NATO (US and friends) vs. Warsaw Pact (USSR and friends)
Nuclear weaponsSpyingSpace race
Winston Churchill and the “Iron Curtain”
Soviets wanted to shield themselves from future attack (do you blame them?)
Communist neighbors (Poland, Romania, Bulgaria) would help
”Iron Curtain” - the line of Soviet Control in E. Euro
Use E. Euro to rebuild economies A “thank you” for liberating
you?
Soviet Actions During Cold War USSR crushes
opposition in Hungary and Czechoslovakia Keep power at all
costs! U.S. CIA
overthrows leaders in Guatemala, Chile, Iran, others Keep them non-
Communist at all costs!
Hungarians Topple a Stalin Statue
Conflict in Cuba
1959- Communist Fidel Castro overthrew U.S.-supported Fulgencio Batista
1961- Bay of Pigs invasion (backed by U.S.) fails
1962- Cuban Missile Crisis
Castro
Batista
Bay of Pigs Invasion -April 17, 1961
U.S.-aided invasion of Cuba by rebels trained by the CIA▪ “epic failure” - major disaster▪ President Kennedy did not send in air support▪ the revolt failed miserably
How did the Cold War end?
Mikhail Gorbachev: Premier of USSR 1983-91
Worked with President Reagan to open up USSR to “glasnost” (freedom of speech) and “perestroika” (capitalism)
Eventually lost support of Communist Party and resigned after Communist Party’s coup-d’etat in 1991
Now what for Europe?
Nations try to be economically powerful again.
Form European Union (EU) Join nations
together to become strong global economic power as a group
Euro
Processing – put the puzzle together
Now you need to create a one-page study guide reviewing the major terms so far. Show links and connections
Yalta Conference (end of WW2)
Agreed to
Agreed to
Division of Germany and Berlin (US on west and USSR on east)
Creation of the UN w/ Security Council - US, USSR, China, GB, and France have veto
Origin of the Cold War – disagreements here spill over
Recommended