View
5
Download
1
Category
Preview:
DESCRIPTION
A description on Fisheries management in Malaysia from a holistic point of view.
Citation preview
Sustainable Fisheries Management in Malaysia: A need for an ecosystem approach?
Kevin Hiew, KennethKassem, Chitra Devi, Chris Grieve, Katherine Short
Fisheries Importance in Malaysia
• 99% of Malaysians within 100km of sea
• 15% of agriculture contribution to GDP
• RM6,326,000,000 in 2006
Fisheries Importance in Malaysia
Fish protein consumption (% of total)
5
10
15
20
25
30
20021992198219721962
Year
Perc
ent
Malays iaIndones iaPhilippinesThailandViet Nam
Source: World Resources Institute and FAO
Fisheries Status in Malaysia
Department of Fisheries Malaysia. 2003. Conference Report: National Conference on Management of Coastal Fisheries in Malaysia. 11-12 March 2003. Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Department of Fisheries Malaysia and WorldFish Center.
Abu Talib, A. and M. Alias. 1997. Status of fisheries in Malayisa – an overview. P 47-61. In G. Silvestre and D. Pauly (eds.) Status and management of tropical coastal fisheries in Asia. ICLARM Conf. Proc. 53, 208 p.
Abu Talib A. 2002. Demersal Fisheries: Have we surpassed the Straits’ sustainable capacity? in Tropical Marine Environment: Charting Strategies for the Millennium. F.M. Yusoff, M. Shariff, H.M. Ibrahim, S.G. Tan, S.Y. Tai (eds). Malacca Straits Research and Development Centre. UPM. Sergand, Malaysia.
Abu Talib, A., M Mohd Isa, I Mohd Saupi, and Y Sharum. 2003. Status of demersal fishery resources of Malaysia. P 83-136. In G. Silvestre, L. Garces, I. Stobutzki, M. Ahmed, R.A. Valmonte-Sentos, C. Luna, L. Lachica-Alino, P. Munro, V. Christensen, and D. Pauly (eds.) Assessment, Management and Future Directions for Coastal Fisheries in Asian Countries. WorldFish Centre Conference Proceedings. 67. 1120p.
Stobutzki, I.C., G.T. Silvestre, A. Abu Talib, A. Krongprom, M. Supongpan, P. Khemakorn, N. Armada, L.R. Garces. 2006. Decline of demersal coastal fisheries resources in three developing Asian countries. Fisheries Research. 78. 130-142.
Taupek, M. and M. Nasir. 2003. Monitoring, measurement and assessment of fishing capacity – the Malaysian experience. P 127 – 142. In S Pascoe and D Greboval (eds.) Measuring capacity in fisheries. FAO Technical Paper 445. Food and Agricultural Organization of the United Nations. Rome.
Biomass: Peninsular Malaysia West Coast
0
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
10,000
12,000
14,000
16,000
1971-1972 1981 1987 1991 1997
Year
Tonn
es
Subarea ISubarea II
Biomass: Peninsular Malaysia East Coast
0k
20k
40k
60k
80k
100k
120k
1967 1972 1981 1991 1998
Year
Tonn
es
Subarea ISubarea IISubarea IIISubarea IV
2003 Fisheries Conference Conclusions
1. There are too many boats and fishers (excess capacity) exploiting the fisheries resources in coastal waters of Malaysia
2. There is an urgent need for the responsible authorities to implement comprehensive action programs to reduce fishing capacity and rehabilitate resources in coastal areas.
3. Given the lack of effectiveness of past approaches, innovative strategies are required involving effective partnership among government agencies, fishers, and other stakeholders (in a co-management mode)
4. Failure to act urgently in a resolute and effective manner will lead to irreversible damage to the fisheries resources, the incomes of fishers, and the socioeconomic well being of coastal communities.
National Conference on Management of Coastal Fisheries,Department of Fisheries Malaysia and WorldFish Center
Ecosystem Based Management of Fisheries
• “Management of the uses and values of ecosystems in conjunction with stakeholders to ensure ecological integrity is maintained, and recognizing that ecosystems are dynamic and inherently uncertain.” (WWF Definition)
• No consensus definition but concept applied in:– UN Convention on Biological Diversity– FAO Code of Conduct for Responsible Fisheries– SEAFDEC Regional Guidelines for Responsible
Fisheries in Southeast Asia– UN Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS)
Ecosystem Based Management of Fisheries: 5 principles
1. Focus on maintaining the natural structure and function of ecosystems and their productivity
2. Incorporate human use and values of ecosystems in managing the resource
3. Recognise that ecosystems are dynamic and constantly changing
4. Are based on a shared vision of all stakeholders
5. Are based on scientific knowledge, adapted by continual learning and monitoring
WWF’s EBM Guidance
• Two books with step by step guidance on implementation and policy guidelines
• Ecoregion approach – Sulu Sulawesi Marine Ecoregion
12 Steps for Implementation
Implementation of Ecosystem-Based Management in MarineCapture Fisheries
Grieve and Short 2007
Steps 1-6: Setting the Stage
1. Identify the stakeholders2. Prepare a map of the eco-
regions or seascapes and habitat features
3. Identify the partners and their interests
4. Establish the ecosystem values and features
5. Determine the main potential hazards of the fishery to the ecosystem values
6. Conduct an ecological risk assessment: determine the actual risks of the resources
Steps 7 -8: Goals and Strategies
1. Establish the objectives and targets: agreed goals for the ecosystem and the fish stock
2. Establish strategies for achieving targets
Step 8: Establishing Strategies
Establish strategies for achieving targets• Marine protected areas
– No take reserves• Precautionary principle• Recovery plans for depleted fisheries• Academic fisheries programmes to
advance research
Steps 9-12: Monitoring and Adaptive Management
1. Design the information system: includes monitoring of stock and ecological indicators
2. Establish information needs and research priorities
3. Design performance assessment and review process
4. Design and implement an EBMF training and education package for fishers and managers
Conclusion
• Include specific EBMF language in 4th National Agricultural Policy to set appropriate policy framework
• Department of Fisheries should start to work towards the 12 steps of EBMF
• Set objectives and targets for fisheries management and recovery
• Establish strategies to reach targets.
Conclusion
Fisheries management needs URGENT paradigm shift
Time for action is now
EBMF is a good solution. Requires commitment
Recommended