South Asia Land, Economy, and People. Physical Geography of S. Asia Himalayas to the north. Western...

South AsiaSouth Asia

Land, Economy, and PeopleLand, Economy, and People

Physical Geography of S. AsiaPhysical Geography of S. Asia

• Himalayas to the north.

• Western Ghats in west India.

• Eastern Ghats in East India

• Deccan Plateau in central India.

• Desert/Semi-Desert in Pakistan.

Bodies of WaterBodies of Water

• Indus River in Pakistan

• Ganges River in India

• Arabian Sea to the West

• Indian Ocean to the south

• Bay of Bengal to the east

Map of South AsiaMap of South Asia

HimalayasHimalayas

South Asia’s climatesSouth Asia’s climates

• In the west there are deserts and semi-deserts.

• In the north it is a highland climate.

• In the south it is a tropical wet or tropical savanna climate.

• In the north below the Himalayas it is humid subtropical.

MonsoonsMonsoons

Monsoon picturesMonsoon pictures

http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://img.timeinc.net/time/photoessays/2007/india_monsoon

Effects on ClimateEffects on Climate

• Monsoons: Wet monsoons bring warm winds and rain during the summer months, and dry monsoons bring cool, dry air in the winter months.

• Elevation: The Himalayas form cold climates.

• Latitude: South Asia is close to the tropic of cancer and the equator.

Natural ResourcesNatural Resources

• 70% of India’s people are farmers.• They produce cash crops such as: tea, cotton,

coffee, and sugarcane in India. Mostly along the Ganges River and coast.

• Because there is little oil, India relies on hydroelectric power.

• Pakistan does farming along the Indus River.• Iron ore and coal are the main mineral

resources.

PeoplePeople

• India is one of the most densely populated countries in the world. They have a population of about 1 billion.

• Most people in South Asia live in coastal areas and in the north along the Indus or Ganges Rivers.

• Bangladesh is one of the most crowded countries in the world.

PeoplePeople

• Most people in India follow the religion of Hinduism.

• Most people in Pakistan follow the religion of Islam.

• Most people in Bhutan and Sri Lanka follow the religion of Buddhism.

ConflictConflict

• India and Pakistan have been in conflict since the early 1900’s.

• They have conflict over religion and land.

• They have been fighting over who controls Kashmir, which is on the northwestern border of India.

• Nuclear weapons have been developed.

LanguageLanguage

• Most people speak Hindi in India.

• There are 15 recognized languages in India.

• Many people speak English.

South AsiaSouth AsiaIndia

• India is growing fast. By 2050, India is expected to have the highest population.

• 72% of the people live in rural areas.

• ¼ of India’s people live in poverty. India’s middle class is growing.

• India’s economy is growing by developing their industries such as computer software, textiles, and electrical equipment.

Pakistan• Pakistan’s economy is based on

agriculture.

• Most farm along the Indus River.

• Pakistan has a dry climate, so drought can be a problem.

• Farmers must irrigate water from the Indus River.

• Most factories are located along the Indus River so they can use hydroelectric power.

• Many dams generate hydroelectric power.

South AsiaSouth Asia

India• Kashmir has caused major

conflicts between India and Pakistan.

• Both India and Pakistan have tested nuclear weapons causing fighting.

• Health care and education has improved in India.

• Life expectancy and the literacy rate are improving in India.

• India is a developing country.

Pakistan

• Most factories produce textiles, chemicals, or steel mills.

• Pakistan is famous for its carpets and rugs.

• Pakistan is a developing country.