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Sound and Light Section 4
EQ: How can the phenomena of reflection, refraction, interference, and diffraction be explained?
Sound and Light Section 4
Refraction of Light
What happens to light when it passes from one medium to another medium?
Sound and Light Section 4
16-4-1 Refraction of Light
Light waves bend, or refract, when they pass from one transparent medium to another because the speed of light differs in each medium.
Sound and Light Section 4
Refraction
Sound and Light Section 4
16-4-2 Refraction of Light, continued
• When light moves from a material in which its speed is higher to a material in which its speed is lower, the ray is bent toward the normal.
Sound and Light Section 4
16-4-3 Refraction of Light, continued
• If light moves from a material in which its speed is lower to one in which its speed is higher, the ray is bent away from the normal.
Sound and Light Section 4
16-4-4 Refraction of Light, continued
• Refraction makes objects appear to be in different positions.
Sound and Light Section 4
Refraction
Sound and Light Section 4
Lenses
What happens when light passes through a lens?
Sound and Light Section 4
16-4-5 Lenses
• lens: a transparent object with a curved surface that refracts light waves such that they converge or diverge to create an image
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16-4-6 Lenses, continued
• A converging lens bends light inward creating either a virtual image or a real image.
• .
Sound and Light Section 4
16-4-7 Lenses, continued
• A diverging lens bends light outward creating a virtual image.
Sound and Light Section 4
16-4-8 Lenses, continued
•Magnifying glasses in microscopes and refracting telescopes are examples of converging lenses.
Sound and Light Section 4
16-4-9 Lenses, continued
•By adjusting the height of the lens, you can focus the light rays together into a small area, called the focal point.
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16-4-10 Lenses, continued
• In the eye light first enters the cornea, then the pupil, then the lens, and then forms an image on the retina which contains light sensitive rods and cones.
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16-4-11 Lenses, continued
•Muscles can adjust the curvature of the lens until an image is focused on the back layer of the eye, the retina.
Sound and Light Section 4
The Eye
Sound and Light Section 4
Visual Concept: Parts of the Human Eye
Sound and Light Section 4
Dispersion and Prisms
How can a prism separate white light into colors?
Sound and Light Section 4
16-4-12 Dispersion and Prisms
A prism can separate the colors of light because the speeds of light waves traveling through the medium depend on the wavelengths of light.
Sound and Light Section 4
16-4-13 Dispersion and Prisms
• prism: in optics, a system that consists of two or more plane surfaces of a transparent solid at an angle with each other
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16-4-14 Dispersion and Prisms, continued
• Shorter wavelengths travel slower and are bent or diffracted more than longer wavelengths that travel faster and are refracted less.
Sound and Light Section 4
16-4-15 Dispersion and Prisms, continued• dispersion: the process of
separating a wave (such as white light) of different frequencies into its individual component waves (the different colors)
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