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Republic Of Indonesia
SMART GRID DEVELOPMENT POLICY IN INDONESIA
COORDINATING MINISTRY FOR ECONOMIC AFFARS
Hanoi, 2 April 2013
What is a Smart Grid?
The smart grid will be characterized by
• A two‐way flow of electricity and information to create an automated, widely distributed energy delivery network.
• It incorporates into the grid the benefits of distributed computing and communications – to deliver real‐time information and
– enable the near‐instantaneous balance of supply and demand at the device level.
What is a Smart Grid?Distinguishing characteristics of the Smart Grid cited in US‐EISA (US Energy Independence and Security Act, 2007) include:•Increased use of digital information and controls technology to improve reliability, security, and efficiency of the electric grid;•Dynamic optimization of grid operations and resources, with full cyber security;•Deployment and integration of distributed resources and generation, including renewable resources;•Development and incorporation of demand response, demand‐side resources, and energy‐efficiency resources;•Deployment of ‘‘smart’’ technologies for metering, communications concerning grid operations and status, and distribution automation;•Integration of ‘‘smart’’ appliances and consumer devices;•Deployment and integration of advanced electricity storage and peak‐shaving technologies, including plug‐in electric and hybrid electric vehicles, and thermal‐storage air conditioning;•Provision to consumers of timely information and control options;
Source: US‐NIST Framework and Roadmap for Smart Grid interoperability Standards, Release 2.0
What does the concept of What does the concept of SmartSmart--Grid look like?Grid look like?
Electrical Infrastructure
“Intelligence” Infrastructure
4Source: Rochester Institute of Technology
Interactions of Smartgrid Actors
Source: US‐NIST Framework and Roadmap for Smart Grid interoperability Standards, Release 2.0
7
Natural Gas, 28.57%
Coal, 15.34%
Oil51.66%
Geothermal, 1.32%
Hydro Power, 3.11%
Coal , 33%
Gas, 30%
Oil, 20%
BIOFUELS, 5%
Geothermal, 5%
Biomass, Nuclear, HydroSolar Energy, Wind Power, 5%
Coal Liquefaction2%
RE,17%
CURRENT ENERGI MIX (1 million BOE) National (Primary) Energy Mix
OPTIMIZING ENERGY
MANAGEMENT
National (Primary) Energy Mix of 2025(BaU Scenario) (5 million BOE)
National Energy Mix 2025 (3 million BOE)(Presidential Decree No. 5/2006)
NATIONAL ENERGY POLICYNATIONAL ENERGY POLICY(PRESIDENTIAL DECREE NO. 5 YEAR 2006)(PRESIDENTIAL DECREE NO. 5 YEAR 2006)
Gas, 20.6%
Coal 34.6%
Oil, 41.7%
Geothermal, 1.1%
Mini/micro Hydro Power Plant, 0.1%
Power Plant, 1.9%
Target in 20251. Less than 1 for energy
elasticity2. Optimized primary
energy mix
DEPUTIES DUTIES AND FUNCTIONS OF ENERGY AND MINERAL RESOURCES COORDINATING MINISTRY FOR ECONOMIC AFFAIRS
• MAIN TASK– Prepare coordination and preparation of Policy Planning and
synchronize the implementation of policies, monitoring, analysis, and evaluation of policy implementation in energy, and mineral resources.
• FUNCTION– Preparation of planning and coordination of energy policies and
mineral resources.
– Sync implementation of energy policies and mineral resources.
– Monitoring, analysis, evaluation and reporting of problems or policy implementation activities in the field of energy, and mineral resources.
MAIN TASK COORDINATING MINISTRY FOR ECONOMIC AFFAIRS
. VISION : Realization agency coordination and synchronization of effective economic development.
. MISION : Improve coordination of planning and policy making, as well as synchronize the implementation of policies in the field of economy.
. GOAL : Realize the synchronization of policies for the economy and improve the effectiveness of coordination in achieving sustainable economic growth.
Indonesia Electricity Sytem
• 12 interconnected system, 70 isolated system• Installed capacity 26 GW, peak load 22 GW• Electrification ratio of 65%• Demand growth rate of 9.17%
• 240 million population• 39 million connected customers• Fuel mix 43% coal, 25% gas, 20% fuel‐oil,
6% hydro, 6% geothermal
IB : 10,2%
21 TWh54 TWh
IT : 10,6%
11 TWh28 TWh
JB : 8,97%
115 TWh252 TWh
Projection on Consumption: 2010-2019Average Growth: 9,2 % per annum
20192010
Power System ReliabilityTrends on SAIDI & SAIFI
SAIDI
487.8
1,736.4
654.0
565.6
946.3
1,620.8
950.0950.0
622.2
200
600
1,000
1,400
1,800
2003 2004 2005 2006 2007
Men
it/Pe
lang
gan
Realisasi Sasaran
Good
SAIFI
13.85
12.68
11.78
12.5112.77
13.96
13.00 13.00
10.5710
11
12
13
14
15
2003 2004 2005 2006 2007
Kal
i/Pel
angg
an
Realisasi Sasaran
Good
SAIDI: System Average Interruptions Duration IndexSAIFI: System Average Interruptions Frequency Index
13
ROLE OF THE COORDINATING MINISTRY FOR ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT POLICY IN SMART GRID
OPPORTUNITIES CONSTRAINTS
Strategic Environmental
Conditions Expected TARGET
POLICYAND
STRATEGY
ACTIONPROGRAM
Resulting Condition
MONITORING AND EVALUATION
• National Economic Board• National Climate Change
Council• National Research Council.• Stake Holder
National Energy Board
Coordination Planning and Policy Formulation and Implementation Synchronization
Smart Grid Development
Regulation President 24/2010 Article 24
DETERMINATION BY THE GOVERNMENTWith the approval of DPRDraft
Energy Law Article 12Presidential Regulation No. 5/2006
Recomendation
Have Problem ?
Yes
Intitutions
14
PROBLEMS MAP OF SMART GRIDPROBLEMS MAP OF SMART GRID
ACCELERATION OF THE USE OF SMART GRID POLICY
ACCELERATION OF THE USE OF SMART GRID POLICY
ACCELERATION OF THEBUSINESS SMART GRID POLICY
ACCELERATION OF THEBUSINESS SMART GRID POLICY
TECHNOLOGY SECURITY
TECHNOLOGY SECURITY
COMMUNITYAWARENESS
COMMUNITYAWARENESS
FISCAL POLICY/ENERGY PRICING
FISCAL POLICY/ENERGY PRICING
IMPROVED SUPPLY
EQUIPMENT
IMPROVED SUPPLY
EQUIPMENT
MASTERY OFTECHNOLOGY
MASTERY OFTECHNOLOGY
DIRECT & INDIRECTSUBSIDIES
DIRECT & INDIRECTSUBSIDIES
IMPROVED QUALITY GRIDIMPROVED
QUALITY GRID
IMPROVED MANAGEMENT OF ELECTRICAL
IMPROVED MANAGEMENT OF ELECTRICAL
INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENTINDUSTRIAL
DEVELOPMENT
TODAY’s GRID Vs. TOMORROW’sToday’s Grid Smart Grid
Consumers are uniformed and non-participative with power system
Informed, involved and active consumers; demand response and distributed energy resources
Dominated by central generation: many obstacles exist for distributed energy resources interconnection
Many distributed energy resources with plug-and-play convenience:focus on renewables
Limited wholesale markets, not well integrated: limited oppurtunities for consumers
Mature, well-integrated wholesale markets, growth of new electricity markets consumers
Focus on outages: slow response to power quality issues
Power quality is a priority with a variety of quality/price options: rapid resolution of issues
Little integrationof operational data with asset management: business process silos
Greatly expanded data acquisition of grid parameters: focus on prevention, minimizing impact to consumer.
Responds to prevent further damage: focus is on protecting assets following fault
Resillient to attack and natural disasters with rapid restoration capabilities.
• Higher Customer Satisfaction: The combination of lower costs, improved reliability and better customer control will raise satisfaction among all types of customers (residential, commercial, industrial, institutional).
• Improved Reliability: Smart grid will reduce and shorten outages and improve the quality of power.
• Shorter Outages: The incorporation of advanced sensors and measurement (PMU), communication networks and smart systems will allow an unprecedented degree of system visibility and situational awareness of the electric power system. Smart grid will result in shorter outages through its “islanding” and “self‐healing” features.
• Customer Energy/Cost Savings: As pricing becomes more transparent and is aligned with the underlying economics of generation and distribution, customers’decisions to save money will benefit society as well.
• Highest Security: Security will be incorporated into the design of the smart grid and will require the implementation of practices and procedures by individual stakeholders. In this way, the physical and cyber security risks can be managed to the highest standards possible
• Timely renewable: Smart grid is the enabler of more renewable energy. Its development will allow for the timely incorporation of these sustainable sources of power in a user‐friendly, cost‐effective manner.
Benefits of a Smart Grid
Indonesian Geographic of Electricity Service Areas
• Two of main islands have own interconnected systems
• The rests are:– Clusters of service areas with main grids, including remote off‐grid distributed systems
(Kalimantan, Sulawesi, Papua)
– Small islands: clusters of grids mainly of diesel systems, off‐grid distributed systems
Interconnected Systems
Smart Grid – Indonesian View• Smart interconnection grids– Improved reliability– Energy savings– Robustness of operation and control (Self‐Heals)
– Etc.• Smart microgrids with distributed energy resources (DER) where applicable– Distribution systems containing high DER penetration may require considerable operational control capabilities.
Smart Interconnection Systems
• Faster Protection & Control / Self‐Heals
• More robust
• More renewable
• More efficient
• Higher Power Quality
• More MicroGrids
• Improved Capacity Factor
• More Reconfigurable
• Demand Response/Control – Smart meters for large loads at commercial and industrial facilities
Paradigm Shift in Energy SystemIncreasing penetration of renewable energy, diversification in electricity
generations, reduction in carbon emission, etc.
Future Chalenges
A key solutionSmart MicroGrid could efficiently control integration of renewable energy to
the main grid.
• Enhanced compatibility of electricity network with increased penetration of renewable energy
• Communications between the network and various types of generations• Providing services for various consumers’ electricity needs, mainly in remote
and isolated areas
Smart Microgrids and Renewable Energy Penetration –Remote, Isolated Areas
21
CHALLENGES / ENABLERSCHALLENGES ENABLERS
Communication Infrastructures* Big Cities: Available but Expensive* Small Towns: Not all available
Development of communication infrastructure
Information Technology* Limited SCADA capabilities* Smart meters only for large
consumers
SCADA ImprovementProliferation of smart meter
Non-competitive Electricity Market Opening up electricity market
Regulated Government Pricing Policies & Regulations:* Dynamic Pricing
Unsteady supply from RenewableEnergies (Micro Hydro, Solar, etc.)
Incentives for Renewable Energy
Participation from consumers difficult Incentives for Consumer Participations
Very few Smart Building applications Energy efficiency awareness
Investments are expensive Incentives for Investments
Example Scenario : Energy Control for Smart Solar in Smart Micro‐grid
Photovoltaic Batteries
Micro HydroDiesel GeneratorMaster
Controller
PWDCRB
CKP
SLO
YGA
TSK
PJO
KDR
DPS
JMBMLG
BGR
SRGCLG
TGR
CBG
CJR
JTH
TGL PKL
BYWRing SDH STM-16
Ring SDH STM-4
KLT
PTN
GLMSDH STM-16 LINKSDH STM-4 LINKSDH STM-1 LINK
SMD
KBSBJG
STB
PBOLMJ
GRTBJR RWL
MDU
PSU
NGRKPL
MKR
DKB
GNDCWG BKS
PLGPLP
PRKACL
KRT
MPGPST
GTS GBR
PLM
PDLCGR
UJB
BDC
JKT
BDG
PDH 140M LINKPDH 34M LINK
Ring PDH 140MTBL
KRPPLM
UGRSMG
KRNRing SDH STM-4
DJTSWH
PJB
WRUSBY
BGL GRI
METRONODE WITH FO EQUIPMENTNODE WITHOUT FO EQUIPMENT
JAWA & BALI BACKBONE NETWORK TOPOLOGY
Jakarta Smart City (Consist Of Many Superblock Smart Micro Grid)
Micro Grid/Gen
Micro Grid/Gen
Micro Grid/Gen
Micro Grid/Gen
Micro Grid/GenMicro Grid/Gen
Micro Grid/Gen
Micro Grid/Gen
Micro Grid/Gen
Micro Grid/GenMicro Grid/Gen
Smart GridSmart Grid
Load ManagementLoad Management
Energy Control Networking Platform
AMM+
SmartStreet Lighting
Any TCP/IPNetwork
ControlNode
SmartMetering
ControlNode
SmartGrid Optimization
ControlNode
SmartSolar
ControlNode
ControlNode
SmartBuildings
Control Nodes are either Data
Concentrators or Edge Control Nodes
Smart Grid Vision – SummaryIndonesian vision for the future ‐ a network of integrated
systems that can monitor and heal itself
Part of interconnection
Smart Microgrid
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