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Simulation of Compaction in
Asphaltic Mixtures,
Part I: Gyratory Compactor
Alieh Alipour, Steven Mookhoek Department of Structural Reliability, TNO
Delft, The Netherlands
Why?
How?
What?
Simulation of Compaction in
Asphaltic Mixtures
Why?
Smart infrastructure
Innovative strategies Design Construction Maintenance Renovation
Modernize manufacturing, mobility and logistic Use energy efficiently
4
Characteristics level
Road construction
Road geometric design
Pavement construction
Surface layer
Mixture
Coarse aggregates
Mastic Porosity
Construction method
Type of compactor
Number of passes
Temperature during compaction
Base & subbase layer
Thickness
Load/
Environmental condition
Traffic Temperature Moisture condition
Mechanism level
Performance
level Raveling, Noise quality, Skid
resistance
Rutting, Fatigue cracking,
Ageing, Moisture sensitivity
Hierarchical model
How?
Durable, Safe and Accessible road
Component selection
Mix design
Compaction
Processability
mechanism
Damage mechanism
Performance indicator
Ravelling
Skid
resistance
Noise quality
How?
How? Developing a compaction model
for asphaltic mixtures
Optimum Compaction Procedure
Methods of compaction in laboratory
Laboratory
compaction
method
Field
compaction
method
How?
Methods of measuring compaction
Laboratory
compaction
method
Field
compaction
method
Modelling
compaction Aggregate properties
Bitumen properties
Environment information
Compaction curve
How?
Equipment
Important parameters in compaction
1. Composition of asphalt mixture (characteristic level)
Mixture with high volume of natural sand and soft bitumen
Mixture with high volume of crushed aggregates and stiff bitumen
How?
2. Temperature (characteristic level)
Initial mixture temperature
Base temperature
Air temperature
Wind speed
Layer thickness
Co
mp
acti
on
eff
ort
Mix temperature in ⁰C
End of Compaction
Favourable Compaction Temperature
Start of Compaction
40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200
Important parameters in compaction How?
Static compaction
Tandem rollers
Pneumatic tired rollers
Vibratory compaction
Important parameters in compaction
3. Type and magnitude of applied load (Characteristic level)
How?
How?
e
ln (p)ref Nln (p )C0ln (p )
λ̂κ̂
N
p
q
q=Mp
Cp
2
Cp
hardeningsoftening
Nonlinear elastic zone
Critical state line
What?
What?
What?
Vo
id ra
tio
Time (s)
Upper bound
Lower bound
What?
Questions?
Simulation of Compaction in
Asphaltic Mixtures,
Part I: Gyratory Compactor
Alieh Alipour, Steven Mookhoek Department of Structural Reliability, TNO
Delft, The Netherlands
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