Short Message Operating Procedure

Company Confidential

Abbreviations used

MWI Message waiting indicator

MWD Message waiting delivery

MWF Message waiting flag

MNRF Message not reachable flag

MCEF Memory capacity exceeded flag

MNRR Message not reachable reason

SMSC Address(ISDN, E.164)

Originator addressMSISDN-A

Destination addressMSISDN-B

Example – 1Sending Short Message – Mobile Originating over Short Message Relay Service Element (SM-MO over SMRSE)

BSSVMSCIW/GMSC

CCS7Stack

OSiStack

BSSVMSCIW/GMSC

CCS7Stack

OSiStack

BSSVMSCIW/GMSC

CCS7Stack

OSiStack

BSSVMSCIW/GMSC

CCS7Stack

OSiStack

SMS-IW/GMSCVMSC

SMSCMS-A

DX200 DX200 DX200DX200 DX200 DX200

VLR HLR

1 MS-A sends SM to VMSC via SDCCH a stand-alone Dedicated Control Channel if MS is idle

2 or SACCH a slow Associated Control Channel if MS is busy

3 Both use LAPDm, LAPD and BSSAP (DTAP) signalling.

SMS-IW/GMSCVMSC

SMSCMS-A

DX200 DX200 DX200DX200 DX200 DX200

VLR HLR

2 VMSC checks MS-A data (T22 subscription, call barring, ODBC) from VLR.

SMS-IW/GMSCVMSC

SMSCMS-A

DX200 DX200 DX200DX200 DX200 DX200

VLR HLR

• VMSC routes SM to SMS-Inter-Working Gateway MSC, which does a GT analysis to get the SM Service Center address.

SMS-IW/GMSCVMSC

SMSCMS-A

DX200 DX200 DX200DX200 DX200 DX200

VLR HLR

• SMS-IWMSC forwards SM to SMSC using SMRSE, with X.25 or TCP/IP.

SMS-IW/GMSCVMSC

SMSCMS-A

DX200 DX200 DX200DX200 DX200 DX200

VLR HLR

• SMSC sends a delivery report to SMS-IWMSC via SMRSE, which contains GT address of originating SMSC, VMSC, and MSISDN of MS-A.

SMS-IW/GMSCVMSC

SMSCMS-A

DX200 DX200 DX200DX200 DX200 DX200

VLR HLR

• SMS-IWMSC forwards the delivery report to VMSC via MAP signalling.

• For this, SMS-IWMSC needs one GT analysis for every VMSC address.

• Each VMSC needs a GT analysis for its own GT address.

SMS-IW/GMSCVMSC

SMSCMS-A

DX200 DX200 DX200DX200 DX200 DX200

VLR HLR

• 7 VMSC forwards the delivery report to MS-A via SDCCH or SACCH.

• The delivery report confirms whether or not the SMSC received the SMS-SUBMIT from the MS.

• Note: Steps 3 and 6 are not required if the VMSC and SMS-IWMSC are in the same network element.

Table 3. GT analyses required for sending an SM-MO over SMRSEStep

VMSC SMS-IWMSC SMS-GMSC

3 NP=E164, DIG= SMSC-ISDNIWMSC, RI=GT

NP=E164, DIG= SMSC-ISDNIWMSC (own), RI=SSN

6 NP=E164, DIG= VMSC-ISDNVMSC (own), RI=SSN

NP=E164, DIG= VMSC-ISDNVMSC, RI=GT

Sending SM-MO over MAP with CCS7 link

S M S CV M S C

M S -A

D X 200 DX 20 0 D X 200

V L R H L R

1 MS-A sends SM to VMSC via SDCCH or SACCH.

S M S CV M S C

M S -A

D X 200 DX 20 0 D X 200

V L R H L R

2 VMSC checks MS-A data from VLR.

S M S CV M S C

M S -A

D X 200 DX 20 0 D X 200

V L R H L R

3 VMSC routes SM directly to SMSC. One GT analysis is required in VMSC to route SM to SMSC. SMSC needs a GT analysis for incoming SMs

S M S CV M S C

M S -A

D X 200 DX 20 0 D X 200

V L R H L R

4 SMSC sends a delivery report to VMSC, using VMSC ISDN as the destination address. VMSC needs a GT analysis for its own GT address.

S M S CV M S C

M S -A

D X 200 DX 20 0 D X 200

V L R H L R

5 VMSC sends a delivery report to MS-A via SDCCH or SACCH.

Table 4. GT analyses required for sending an SM-MO over MAP with a CCS7 linkStepVMSC SMSC

3 NP=E164, DIG= SMSC-ISDNSMSC, RI=GT

NP=E164, DIG= SMSC-ISDNSMSC (own), RI=SSN

4 NP=E164, DIG= VMSC-ISDNVMSC (own), RI=SSN

NP=E164, DIG= VMSC-ISDNVMSC, RI=GT

Sending SM-MT over SMRSE

V M S CSM S-G M S C

M S -BSM SC

D X 200 DX 2 00 D X 200DX 20 0 D X 200

DX 200

H LR VLR

1 SMSC sends SM to SMS-GMSC over SMRSE.

V M S CSM S-G M S C

M S -BSM SC

D X 200 DX 2 00 D X 200DX 20 0 D X 200

DX 200

H LR VLR

2 SMS-GMSC requests the VMSC address for MSISDN-B from HLR. HLR returns the MS-B IMSI and VMSC address.

V M S CSM S-G M S C

M S -BSM SC

D X 200 DX 2 00 D X 200DX 20 0 D X 200

DX 200

H LR VLR

3 SMS-GMSC routes SM to VMSC, based on the VMSC address information received from HLR.

V M S CSM S-G M S C

M S -BSM SC

D X 200 DX 2 00 D X 200DX 20 0 D X 200

DX 200

H LR VLR

4 On the basis of MS-B IMSI, VMSC requests the status and location of MS-B from VLR.

V M S CSM S-G M S C

M S -BSM SC

D X 200 DX 2 00 D X 200DX 20 0 D X 200

DX 200

H LR VLR

5 If MS-B is in idle mode, the VMSC pages MS-B. When VMSC receives a paging response, it sends SM to MS-B via the SDCCH of the BTS where MS-B is located. When MS-B receives SM, it sends a delivery report to VMSC. If MS is in busy mode, VMSC sends SM via SACCH. If MS-B is out of coverage and does not respond to paging, or if it answers that it cannot receive more SMs, VLR sends a negative delivery report.

V M S CSM S-G M S C

M S -BSM SC

D X 200 DX 2 00 D X 200DX 20 0 D X 200

DX 200

H LR VLR

6 VMSC sends a delivery report to SMS-GMSC.

VMSC needs a GT analysis to route the report to SMS-GMSC.

SMS-GMSC needs a GT analysis to receive the report.

V M S CSM S-G M S C

M S -BSM SC

D X 200 DX 2 00 D X 200DX 20 0 D X 200

DX 200

H LR VLR

7 SMS-GMSC sends the delivery report to HLR. HLR sends an acknowledgement for the delivery report to SMS-GMSC.

V M S CSM S-G M S C

M S -BSM SC

D X 200 DX 2 00 D X 200DX 20 0 D X 200

DX 200

H LR VLR

8 SMS-GMSC sends a delivery report to SMSC to confirm that MS-B received the SM, or to inform SMSC that the SM delivery was unsuccessful, and states the reason. When SMSC receives the SM, it is deleted from SMSC

Step SMS-GMSC HLR VMSC

2a NP=E164, DIG= MSISDN-BHLR, RI=GT

NP=E164, DIG= MSISDN-BHLR (own), RI=SSN

2b NP=E164, DIG= GMSCGMSC (own), RI=SSN

NP=E164, DIG= GMSCGMSC, RI=GT

3 NP=E164, DIG= VMSC-ISDNVMSC, RI=GT

NP=E164, DIG= VMSC-ISDNVMSC (own), RI=SSN

6 NP=E164, DIG= SMSC-ISDNGMSC (own), RI=SSN

NP=E164, DIG= SMSC-ISDNGMSC , RI=GT

7a NP=E164, DIG= HLR-ISDNHLR, RI=GT

NP=E164, DIG= HLR-ISDNHLR (own), RI=SSN

7b(=2b)

NP=E164, DIG= GMSCGMSC(own), RI=SSN

NP=E164, DIG= GMSCGMSC, RI=GT

Sending SM-MT over SMRSE

Sending SM-MT over MAP with CCS7 link(STUDENTS TO TELL WHAT HAPPENS!)

V M S C

M S - B

DX 2 0 0 D X 200 D X 2 00

H L R V L R

6S M S C

1 SMSC requests a VLR address from HLR and

V M S C

M S - B

DX 2 0 0 D X 200 D X 2 00

H L R V L R

6S M S C

2 SMSC routes SM directly to VMSC.

V M S C

M S - B

DX 2 0 0 D X 200 D X 2 00

H L R V L R

6S M S C

3 When VMSC receives SM, it requests MS-B location and status from VLR/CMU, using MS-B IMSI.

V M S C

M S - B

DX 2 0 0 D X 200 D X 2 00

H L R V L R

6S M S C

4 VMSC pages MS . When the VMSC receives a paging response, it sends SM to MS-B via SDCCH or ******* of the BTS at which MS-B is located.

V M S C

M S - B

DX 2 0 0 D X 200 D X 2 00

H L R V L R

6S M S C

5 When MS-B receives SM, it sends a delivery report to VMSC.

V M S C

M S - B

DX 2 0 0 D X 200 D X 2 00

H L R V L R

6S M S C

6 VMSC sends the delivery report directly to SMSC.

V M S C

M S - B

DX 2 0 0 D X 200 D X 2 00

H L R V L R

6S M S C

7 SMSC forwards the delivery status report to HLR, which returns an acknowledgement to SMSC

Step smsc HLR VMSC

NP=E164, DIG= MSISDN-BHLR, RI=GT

NP=E164, DIG= MSISDN-BHLR (own), RI=SSN

NP=E164, DIG= SMSC-ISDNSMSC, RI=SSN

NP=E164, DIG=SMSC-ISDNSMSC, RI=GT

NP=E164, DIG= VMSC-ISDNSMSC, RI=GT

NP=E164, DIG= VMSC-ISDNVMSC (own), RI=SSN

NP=E164, DIG= SMSC-ISDNSMSC , RI=GT

NP=E164, DIG= HLR-ISDNHLR, RI=GT

NP=E164, DIG= HLR-ISDNHLR (own), RI=SSN

NP=E164, DIG= SMSC-ISDNSMSC, RI=GT

VMSCSMS-GMSC

MS-BSMSC

DX 200 DX 20 0 DX 200DX 200 DX 2 00 DX 200

HLR VLR

IMSI-BMNRF = ON

MWD = SMS AddressMNRF = ON

Unsuccesfuldeliveryattempt

Absent subscriber process

VMSCSMS-GMSC

MS-BSMSC

DX 200 DX 20 0 DX 200DX 200 DX 2 00 DX 200

HLR VLR

IMSI-BMNRF = ON

1 When a VMSC's VLR finds MS-B to be absent, an MNRF flag for this subscriber is set.

VMSCSMS-GMSC

MS-BSMSC

DX 200 DX 20 0 DX 200DX 200 DX 2 00 DX 200

HLR VLR

IMSI-BMNRF = ON

2 VMSC reports the delivery failure to SMS-GMSC, stating the reason for the delivery failure

VMSCSMS-GMSC

MS-BSMSC

DX 200 DX 20 0 DX 200DX 200 DX 2 00 DX 200

HLR VLR

IMSI-BMNRF = ON

3 SMS-GMSC sends a ReportSMDeliveryStatus message to HLR, stating the reason for the error.

HLR turns on the MNRF flag for the subscriber and enters the SMSC address in the MWD.

VMSCSMS-GMSC

MS-BSMSC

DX 200 DX 20 0 DX 200DX 200 DX 2 00 DX 200

HLR VLR

IMSI-BMNRF = ON

4 HLR sends acknowledgement to SMS-GMSC and provides the MSISDN to be alerted for.

VMSCSMS-GMSC

MS-BSMSC

DX 200 DX 20 0 DX 200DX 200 DX 2 00 DX 200

HLR VLR

IMSI-BMNRF = ON

5 SMS-GMSC sends a delivery error message, stating the reason code and the MSISDN to be alerted for, to SMSC. SMSC puts MSISDN into an MSISDN queue to be alerted for, and begins resending SM at intervals.

AlertSC

The AlertSC procedure, informs the SMSC that the MS is no longer absent.

AlertSC is used in addition to resending SMs.

VMSCSMS-IWMSC

MS-BSMSC

DX 20 0 DX 200 DX 200

HLR VLR

MNRF = OFFMNRF = OFF

DX 200 DX 2 00 DX 200

1 VMSC's VLR sends a ReadyForSM message containing MS-B’s IMSI and alert reason to HLR to inform HLR that MS is active.

VMSCSMS-IWMSC

MS-BSMSC

DX 20 0 DX 200 DX 200

HLR VLR

DX 200 DX 2 00 DX 200

2 HLR sends acknowledgement to VLR. The MNRF flag is reset in HLR and VLR.

VMSCSMS-IWMSC

MS-BSMSC

DX 20 0 DX 200 DX 200

HLR VLR

DX 200 DX 2 00 DX 200

3 HLR sends an AlertSC message containing the SMSC address and MSISDN to be alerted for, to SMS-IWMSC.

VMSCSMS-IWMSC

MS-BSMSC

DX 20 0 DX 200 DX 200

HLR VLR

DX 200 DX 2 00 DX 200

4 SMS-IWMSC forwards the AlertSC message to SMSC

VMSCSMS-IWMSC

MS-BSMSC

DX 20 0 DX 200 DX 200

HLR VLR

DX 200 DX 2 00 DX 200

5 SMS-IWMSC sends acknowledgement to HLR.

VMSCSMS-IWMSC

MS-BSMSC

DX 20 0 DX 200 DX 200

HLR VLR

DX 200 DX 2 00 DX 200

VMSCSMS-IWMSC

MS-BSMSC

DX 20 0 DX 200 DX 200

HLR VLR

DX 200 DX 2 00 DX 200

Gb between SGSN and BSC, to carry GPRS traffic and signalling between the GSM network (BSS) and SGSN in the GPRS network

Gn between SGSN and GGSN in the GPRS network, to provide a data and signalling interface using GPRS Tunnelling Protocol (GTP) over an IP based backbone network

Gr between SGSN and HLR, to provide the SGSN access to subscriber information in the HLR (uses MAP of SS7)

Gi between GGSN and the external network

Um between an MS and GPRS network (GSM uses the same interface with some GPRS specific changes)

GPRS INTERFACES

1 SMSC sends SM-MT.

2 GMSC requests routing information from HLR

3 HLR returns SGSN and VMSC addresses subscriber to check subscriber has both GSM and GPRS subscription.

4 Assuming no GPRS subscription SMS-GMSC tries to deliver SM-MT via SGSN (primary route).

5 SGSN sends negative acknowledgement because the subscriber is not reachable via GPRS.

6 SMS-GMSC tries to deliver SM-MT via MSC (secondary route).

7 MSC sends positive acknowledgement because SM-MT was delivered successfully.

8 Successful delivery via MSC/VLR is reported to HLR.

9 HLR acknowledges the receipt of a successful delivery report.

10 SMS-GMSC acknowledges SM-MT delivery to SMSC.

1 The SMSC requests MT SM delivery, with primary route indicator=SGSN.

short_message_delivery_request (primary route=SGSN)

2 The SMS-GMSC requests the routing information for the MT-SM from the HLR indicating ‘SMS-GMSC supports GPRS’

MAP-Send-Routing-Info-for-SM-req (SMS-GMSC supports GPRS).

3 The HLR sends two addresses to the SMS-GMSC : the VMSC and SGSN addresses.

MAP-Send-Routing-Info-for-SM-rsp (MSC address, SGSN address)

4 Since the route indicator received from SMSC tells that the GPRS network is the primary route, the SMS-GMSC first tries to deliver the MT-SM via the GPRS network using the SGSN address received.

MAP-MT-forward-SM-req

5 MT-SM delivery was unsuccessful via GPRS network because the subscriber is detached.

The SMS-GMSC receives the reason for unsuccessful delivery.

MAP-MT-forward-SM-rsp (Absent: GPRS detached)

6 The SMS-GMSC tries to deliver the SM-MT via the VMSC,

The secondary route.

MAP-MT-forward-SM-req

7 The MT-SM is successfully delivered to the VMSC.

Successful_SM_delivery

8 The VMSC informs the SMS-GMSC about the successful delivery of the SM-MT.

MAP-MT-forward-SM-rsp

9 SMS-GMSC reports the delivery status informing the HLR that the MT-SM was successfully delivered via the VMSC and failed via GPRS network because the subscriber was absent.

10 The HLR acknowledges the report. MAP-report-SM-delivery-Status-rsp

11 The SMS-GMSC informs the SMSC that the SM-MT delivery was successful.

short_message_delivery_rsp (successful delivery

IN-SMS

General

IN-SMS allows you to improve restricted mobility services, create new services based on SMS control, and manage the interaction between GSM and IN services.

IN-SMS is made possible by the use of Triggering Detection Points (TDP), Event Detection Points (EDP), and an INAP interface.

For example, Triggering Detection Points (TDP) and Event Detection Points (EDP) enable prepaid charging, the subscriber to block SMs from a particular source, and forward incoming SMs to another user.

Triggering Detection Points

SMS TDPs (MO-, MT-, and Status Report) and Event Detection Points (EDPs) enable IN-SMS, to

Forward to the SM to another user

Enabling a user to block an SM from a particular source.

Enabling the SCP to request the SSP to send a report about the SM transfer, so making possible prepaid charging.

The TDPs for IN-SMS are located in the VMSC.

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