View
18
Download
0
Category
Preview:
DESCRIPTION
September 11, 2012 Standard: SAP1d-Relate cellular metabolism and transport to homeostasis and cellular reproduction. Warm-Up: Complete ARG 5.1 located on your desk. Read the paragraphs and answer the questions. Write the answers only in your composition notebooks. MEMBRANE TRANSPORT. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
Citation preview
September 11, 2012
Standard: SAP1d-Relate cellular metabolism and transport to homeostasis and cellular reproduction.Warm-Up:Complete ARG 5.1 located on your desk. Read the paragraphs and answer the questions. Write the answers only in your composition notebooks.
Cell Physiology:Membrane Transport
Membrane Transport• Intracellular fluid – inside the cell
• Interstitial fluid – outside the cell; contains nutrition for the cell (amino acids, sugar, fatty acids, vitamins)
• A healthy cell must be able to extract what it needs from the interstitial fluid.
Passive Transport Mechanisms(require no energy)
A. Diffusion- solutes1. Molecules move from
concentrations
2. Substances move down their concentration gradient
3. Solutes -must be lipid-soluble or small.
4. O and CO2 move across the cell membrane through diffusion
B. Osmosis - diffusion of water through a selectively permeable membrane
Hypertonic Solution• Solute + solvent =solution• Hyper (solute) =“high”
concentration of solutes in the solution
• More solutes less water (solvent)
• Water moves out and cell shrinks
Hypotonic Solution
• Hypo (solute) =“low” concentration of solutes in the solution
• Less solutes more water (solvent)
• Water moves in and cell swells
Isotonic Solution
• Solutes in cell = solutes outside the cell
• Water moves in and out at the same rate (no net movement)
• A healthy cell
Facilitated Diffusion
C.• Passive movement
using a protein carrier molecule
• Glucose moves across the cell membrane this way.
D. Filtration1. Pressure is necessary to force (blood)
substances through membrane.2. Important in the capillaries and also the
kidneys.
Active Transport MechanismsRequire Energy (ATP)
Three conditions where active transport is necessary:
1. Molecules are too large to pass through
2. Molecules are not lipid soluble
3. Molecules are moving against the concentration gradient
Solute Pumping (Na+/K+ Pump)
Substances move with protein carrier molecules (solute pumps) against the
gradient.
Ex. Amino acids are transported this way
Bulk TransportExocytosis- “out of cell”
• Cell products, hormones, and wastes in vesicle fuses with cell membrane.
• Fused area ruptures, spilling contents of sac outside of cell.
Endocytosis• Endo= “into”
• Extracellular components are engulfed, a vesicle is formed, it detaches itself from the membrane and moves into cytoplasm.
Two types of Endocytosis:
• 1. Phagocytosis –”cellular eating” uptake of solid particles
• 2. Pinocytosis – “cellular drinking” uptake of fluids
Recommended