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SECTION II: KINETICS AND BIOREACTOR DESIGN:
LESSON 10.1. - Bioreactor design – Design Equations
JAVIER CALZADA FUNES
Biotechnology Department, Biosciences School
UNIVERSIDAD FRANCISCO DE VITORIA
BIOREACTOR DESIGN
AIMS FOR TODAY’S LESSON
10.1 Design equations
10.2 Exercises
10.3 Tank vs Tubular reactor: Comparing efficiency
10.4 Recycle, By-pass and Purge
10.5 Bioreactor association
Introduction Continuous Tank Reactor Tubular Reactor Ideal Batch Reactor
BIOREACTOR DESIGN
• Asenjo, J.A. y Merchuck, J.C. (1994), Bioreactor System Design. Marcel
Dekker. 1-12.
• Atkinson, B. (2002), Reactores Bioquímicos, Reverté (Barcelona).
• Bailey, J.E., Ollis D.F. (1986), Biochemical Engineering Fundamentals,
McGraw-Hill (Nueva York).
• Doran, P.M. (2013), Bioprocess Engineering Principles, Academic Press
(Londres).
REFERENCES:
BIOREACTOR DESIGN
1.- IDEAL BATCH REACTOR
2.- IDEAL CONTINUOUS TANK REACTOR
3.- TUBULAR REACTOR
BIOREACTOR DESIGN
1.- IDEAL BATCH REACTOR
Introduction Ideal Batch Reactor
BIOREACTOR DESIGN
Tubular Reactor Continuous Tank Reactor
1. IDEAL BATCH REACTOR
No entrance nor exit.
Complete Mix is supposed constant composition
everywhere within the reactor.
Accumulation Inputs Outputs Generation - + =
Ri V
Ci
Accumulation 0 0 Generation - + =
Accumulation Generation =
Introduction Ideal Batch Reactor
BIOREACTOR DESIGN
Tubular Reactor Continuous Tank Reactor
1. IDEAL BATCH REACTOR
RA V
CA
Accumulation Generation =
dt
dNVR A
A ·
Accumulated
amount of "A”
Moles of "A“
disappearing in
a certain time =
For “A” reagent:
Introduction Ideal Batch Reactor
BIOREACTOR DESIGN
Tubular Reactor Continuous Tank Reactor
1. IDEAL BATCH REACTOR
A
A
A
A
C
C A
A
C
C A
A
t
A
A
A
A
AA
R
dCt
R
dCdt
R
dCdt
VR
dNdt
dt
dNVR
000
·
·RA V
CA
For “A” reagent:
Introduction Ideal Batch Reactor
BIOREACTOR DESIGN
Tubular Reactor Continuous Tank Reactor
1. IDEAL BATCH REACTOR
For “A” reagent
“A” conversion
RA V
CA
0
0
A
AAA
N
NNX
AA X
A
AA
X
A
AA
t
A
AA
A
AA
AAA
AA
A
AAA
A
AAA
R
dXCt
R
dXCdt
R
dXCdt
VR
dXNdt
dt
dXNVR
dt
dXN
dt
dN
XNNN
NNX
0
0
0
0
0
00
00
0
0
0
·
·;
1
Introduction Ideal Batch Reactor
BIOREACTOR DESIGN
Tubular Reactor Continuous Tank Reactor
1. IDEAL BATCH REACTOR
RA V
CA
Accumulation Generation =
dt
dNVR A
A ·
DESIGN EQUATION
A
A
A C
C A
A
X
A
AA
R
dC
R
dXCt
00
0
Introduction Ideal Batch Reactor
BIOREACTOR DESIGN
Tubular Reactor Continuous Tank Reactor
1. IDEAL BATCH REACTOR
RA V
CA rR
Akr
oductsA
A
·
Pr
DESIGN EQUATION – EASIEST CASE
FIRST ORDER reaction
AA
A
XAkR
AkR
1··
·
0
Introduction Ideal Batch Reactor
BIOREACTOR DESIGN
Tubular Reactor Continuous Tank Reactor
1. IDEAL BATCH REACTOR
RA V
CA
DESIGN EQUATION – EASIEST CASE
FIRST ORDER reaction
AA CkR ·
A
A
C
C A
A
C
C A
A
C
C
kt
C
dC
kCk
dCt
A
A
A
A
0·ln1
·1
·00
Introduction Ideal Batch Reactor
BIOREACTOR DESIGN
Tubular Reactor Continuous Tank Reactor
1. IDEAL BATCH REACTOR
RA V
CA
DESIGN EQUATION – EASIEST CASE
FIRST ORDER reaction
AAA XCkR 1·· 0
A
X
A
A
X
A
A
X
AA
AA
XkX
dX
kt
Xk
dX
XCk
dXCt
A
AA
1
1·ln
1
1·
1
1·1··
0
00 0
0
BIOREACTOR DESIGN
1.- IDEAL BATCH REACTOR
2.- IDEAL CONTINUOUS TANK REACTOR
3.- TUBULAR REACTOR
BIOREACTOR DESIGN
2.- IDEAL CONTINUOUS TANK REACTOR
Continuous Tank Reactor
BIOREACTOR DESIGN
Introduction Tubular Reactor Ideal Batch Reactor
2. IDEAL CONTINUOUS REACTOR
Uniform entrance and exit F0 = F1
Complete Mix is supposed constant composition
everywhere within the reactor.
Steady State, constant volume no accumulation
Accumulation Inputs Outputs Generation - + =
Fo, Co F1, C1
Ri V
C1
Continuous Tank Reactor
BIOREACTOR DESIGN
Introduction Tubular Reactor Ideal Batch Reactor
2. IDEAL CONTINUOUS REACTOR
0··· 0 VRCFCF AAA
For “A” reagent
Q, CA0 Q, CA
RA V
CA
0 Inputs Outputs Generation - + =
Accumulation = 0
Continuous Tank Reactor
BIOREACTOR DESIGN
Introduction Tubular Reactor Ideal Batch Reactor
2. IDEAL CONTINUOUS REACTOR
A
AA
AAA
AAA
R
CC
F
V
VRCCF
VRCFCF
0
0
0
··
0···
For “A” reagent
DESIGN EQUATION
Residence time = V/F
F, CA0 F, CA
RA V
CA
Continuous Tank Reactor
BIOREACTOR DESIGN
Introduction Tubular Reactor Ideal Batch Reactor
2. IDEAL CONTINUOUS REACTOR
A
AA
AAA
AAAA
R
XC
F
V
VRXCF
VRXCFCF
0
0
00
··
0·1···
For “A” reagent
DESIGN EQUATION
Residence time = V/F
F, CA0 F, CA
RA V
CA
BIOREACTOR DESIGN
1.- IDEAL BATCH REACTOR
2.- IDEAL CONTINUOUS TANK REACTOR
3.- TUBULAR REACTOR
BIOREACTOR DESIGN
3.- TUBULAR REACTOR
Tubular Reactor
BIOREACTOR DESIGN
Introduction Ideal Batch Reactor Continuous Tank Reactor
3. TUBULAR REACTOR
Uniform entrance and exit F0 = F1
Plug Flow is supposed no element of fluid is mixed with
another one entering before or after it.
Steady State, constant volume no accumulation
Accumulation Inputs Outputs Generation - + =
F, Co F, C1 F, C F, C+dC
dV
Tubular Reactor
BIOREACTOR DESIGN
Introduction Ideal Batch Reactor Continuous Tank Reactor
3. TUBULAR REACTOR
dVRdCF
dVRdCF
dVRdCCFCF
AA
AA
AAAA
··
0··
0···
0 =
F, Co F, C1 F, C F, C+dC
dV
Inputs Outputs Generation - +
Tubular Reactor
BIOREACTOR DESIGN
Introduction Ideal Batch Reactor Continuous Tank Reactor
3. TUBULAR REACTOR
F, Co F, C1 F, C F, C+dC
dV
F
V
R
dC
F
dV
R
dC
F
dV
R
dCdVRdCF
A
A
A
A
C
C A
A
VC
C A
A
A
AAA
00
··
·0··
0
Tubular Reactor
BIOREACTOR DESIGN
Introduction Ideal Batch Reactor Continuous Tank Reactor
3. TUBULAR REACTOR
F, Co F, C1 F, C F, C+dC
dV
dVRdXFC
dVRdXFC
dVRXCdF
dVRdCF
AAA
AAA
AAA
AA
···
0···
0·1··
0··
0
0
0
Tubular Reactor
BIOREACTOR DESIGN
Introduction Ideal Batch Reactor Continuous Tank Reactor
3. TUBULAR REACTOR
F, Co F, C1 F, C F, C+dC
dV
F
V
R
dXC
F
dV
R
dXC
F
dV
R
dXC
dVRdXFC
A
A
X
A
AA
VX
A
AA
A
AA
AAA
0
0
00
00
0 ···
BIOREACTOR DESIGN
ANY QUESTION?
SECTION II: KINETICS AND BIOREACTOR DESIGN:
LESSON 10.1. - Bioreactor design – Design Equations
JAVIER CALZADA FUNES
Biotechnology Department, Biosciences School
UNIVERSIDAD FRANCISCO DE VITORIA
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