Science presentation made by ayush dabra

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THIS IS A POWERPOINT PRESENTATION BASED ON

CLASS 6 SCIENCE TEXTBOOK

Chapter 1:Food : Where Does It Come From?

• The substance which we eat everyday, containing various edible substances or components, provide us energy & materials that help our body remain healthy is called Food.

• Food that is a component of a mixture in cooking is called an Ingredient.

• Some food items are prepared with two ingredients, while some others are made with many ingredients.

• Pulses, water, salt, spices, etc. are the ingredients used to prepare Dal.

Types Of Animals On The Basis of their food habits

• Herbivores- The animals, that eat plant products as food only are called Herbivores. Example : Rabbit, Cow, Giraffe etc.

• Carnivores- Those animals that depend for food, eat only other animals are called Carnivores. Example : Tiger, Lion, Snake etc.

• Omnivores-Those animals that eat plants & animals both as food are called Omnivores. Example : Dog, Cat, Rat, etc.

Herbivore Animals

Carnivore Animals

Omnivores Animals

Chapter 2 :Components Of Food

• Nutrients-Ingredients contain some components that are needed by our body. These components are called Nutrients.

There are two types of nutrients:-a) Major Nutrientsb) Micro NutrientsMajor NutrientsThe major nutrients in our food are named as • Carbohydrates• Proteins• Fats

How to prepare Iodine solution

A Dilute solution of iodine can be prepared by adding a few drops of tincture iodine to a test tube half filled with water.

How to prepare copper sulphate solution

Copper Sulphate Solution can be prepared by dissolving two grams of copper sulphate in 100 ml of water.

How to prepare caustic soda solution

10 grams of Caustic Soda dissolved in 100ml of water makes the required solution of Caustic Soda.

Sources Of carbohydrates

Sources of fats

Sources of proteins

Sources of vitamin a

Sources of vitamin b

Sources of vitamin c

Sources of vitamin d

Sources of iodine

Sources of phosphorus

Test for starch· 1 Gather a number of food samples. Try to use a wide variety: fruits,

vegetables, breads, cereals, dairy products and "junk" foods such as candy or chips.

· 2 Put a sample of each food on a washable plate or tray. · 3 Fill the eyedropper with iodine and drop a few drops onto each food

sample.· 4 Observe what happens to the drops of iodine on the food. If the food

contains starch, the iodine drops will turn black. If the food does not contain starch, the drops will stay the same colour (reddish-orange).

· 5 Discard the samples when you are done with them. Do not let

anyone eat them, as iodine is toxic.

Test for fat• Add 2cm (cube) of ethanol to a few drops of the unknown

substance in a test tube• Shake well• Add 2cm (cube) of water to the test tube• A Positive result will result in a cloudy white

suspension forming at the top of the solution.• For solids• Cut sample into a few pieces and place them in a test tube• Add 2cm (cube) of ethanol and shake it thoroughly.• Allow solid to settle and decant ethanol into another test

tube• Add 2 cm (cube) of water to the new test tube• A Positive result will result in a cloudy white

suspension forming at the top of the solution.

Test for proteins· 1 Select the food you'd like to test and remove just a small portion

of it.· 2 Place it in a bowl with about a tablespoon of distilled water and

crush with a fork (or spoon). You're trying to make an almost liquefied version of the food.

· 3 Transfer the liquid into a test tube by using a eye dropper.· 4 Squeeze 3 to 4 drops of Beret Reagent Solution, cover tube and

shake.· 5 Wait for the colour to change. If it turns either pink or purple, the

food contains protein.

Chapter 3 : Fiber to fabric• Yarn: Loose threads are called Yarns. Yarns are

made up of fibers.• Fibers: The thin strands of threads that are

made up of still thinner strands are called Fibers.

• Fabrics: Fabrics are made up of yarns.• Natural Fibers: Fibers that are obtained

from plants & animals are called Natural Fibers.• Synthetic Fibers: Fibers that are not obtained

from plants & animals are called Synthetic Fibers.

Some more important points• Plant Fibers : Fibers that are obtained

from plants are called plant fibers.• Animal Fibers : Fibers that are obtained

from animals are called animals fibers.• Ginning: A process to Separate cotton

from its seeds.• Spinning: A process of making yarns from

fibbers is called spinning.• Weaving: the process of arranging 2 sets

of yarn to make fabric is called weaving.

Different types of yarns and fabrics

Cotton yarn Cotton

Synthetic Synthetic Yarn

Silk YarnSilk

Paper Mat

Spinning Wheel

Chapter4: Sorting materials into group

• Insoluble: Insoluble things are those things which cannot dissolves in water.

• Luster: Materials that have shine are called luster.

• Metals: Which allow electric current and heat to pass through them are called metals.

• Opaque: Through which things cannot be seen.

• Soluble: Soluble things are those things which can dissolves easily in water.

Opaque objects

Transparent objects

Translucent objects

Chapter 5: Separation of substances

• When two or substances are mixed together, we call it a mixture.

• Condensation: The process of conversion of water vapor into liquid is called Condensation.

• Decantation: When the water along with the impurities is removed after sedimentation is called Decantation.

• Evaporation: The process of conversion of liquid or water into vapor is called Evaporation.

• Hand-picking: The method that is used to separate impurities of larger size like stone from grains is called Hand-picking.

Some methods of separating substances

Some more methods of separating substances

Chapter 6: Changes around us• Changes: Act of transformation.• Contraction: Reduction in size.• Evaporation: Transformation of a

substance into vapor.• Expansion: Increase in size.• Melting: Changing any solid or a hard

substance into Its liquid state.

Some changes

Chapter 7: getting to know plants

• Climbers: Type of trailing plants• Conduct: To do or run something• Creeper: A plant that grows on the surface of

ground• Fibrous Root: A root system that consists of

very fine branches from the same base.• Herbs: A flowering plant whose stem is very

soft, not much woody & is above the ground.• Lamina: A thin plate, sheet or layer.• Lateral Roots: Those roots that extend

horizontally from the primary roots.

Parts Of Plants

Flower

Bud

Leaves

Stem

Roots

climber

Creeper

Fibrous roots

Parts of a typical flower

lamina

Leaf venation

Chapter 8: Body movements• Backbone: Something that is similar in shape or

position to a spinal column.• Ball & Socket Joint: A multi-axial joint in which a

sphere on the head of one bone fits into rounded cavity in the other bone.

• Bristles: One of the short stiff coarse hairs of certain animal especially hogs.

• Cartilage: A strong flexible connective tissue that is found near the outer ear.

• Cavity: A hollow area within the body, such as sinus cavity.

Some more important points• Fixed Joint: The joints which cannot move, are called

Fixed Joints.• Gait Of Animals: Gait is pattern of movement of limbs

of animals.• Hinge Joints: A Hinge is a type of bearing that

connects two bones typically only a limited angle of rotation between them.

• Muscle: A tissue of body which produces movement.• Skeleton: Framework of bones of a vertebrate is

called a Skeleton.• Streamlined: A contour design to offer the least

possible resistance to current of a fluid optimally shaped for motion or conductivity.

How Do animals move from one place to another?

Animal Body Part Used For Movement

Gait For Movement

Cow Legs Walk/RunHumans Legs Walk/RunSnake Whole Body SlitherBird Legs & Wings Fly/Walk/RunInsect Legs & Wings FlyFish Whole Body Swim

Chapter 9:the living organisms and their surroundings

• Adaptation: The act of adapting or the state of being adapted.

• Aquatic Habitat: The plants and animals that

live in water are said to be aquatic habitat.• Biotic Components: Biotic components

are the living factors which interact with organisms.

• Excretion: The act of excreting.• Growth: The act of evolution.

Aquatic habitat

Terrestrial habitat

Desert habitat

Chapter 10:Motion and measurement of distances

• Circular Path: Moving of particle in a circular path.

• Distance: Space between two points.• Measurement: The act of measuring.• Motion: The act of changing place.• Periodic Motion: Motion that is repeated

in equal intervals of time.• Rectilinear Motion: Moving of particles in

straight line

Means of transportation

Chapter 11:Light shadows and reflection

• Luminous: Objects which emit light of their own are called luminous objects.

• Mirror: A thing that reflects lights.• Opaque: Opaque objects are those

objects through which light cannot pass.• Pin Hole Camera: A device that is used to

see bright objects.• Reflection: The act of reflecting.• Shadow: A dark shape on a surface.

Chapter 12:Electricity and circuits

• Bulb: A glass part of lamp which lights up when electricity passes through it.

• Conductors: Materials that allow current and heat to pass through them are called conductors.

• Electric Cell: A source of electricity.• Electric Circuit: A complete route through

which electricity can pass.• Filament: A thin wire of tungsten that

lights up when electricity passes through it.

Bulb

Cell

Chapter 13:Fun with magnets• Compass: It is a device used to determine

geographical direction.• Magnet: It is a device that attracts metals like

iron, cobalt or nickel.• Magnetite: Magnetite is a natural magnet.• North Pole: The end of magnet that points

towards North when suspended freely in air.• South Pole: The end of magnet that points

towards South

Ring magnet

Cylindrical magnet

magnetite

Neodymium magnet

Bar magnet

Horse shoe magnet

Different types of magnet

Chapter 14:water• Water is essential for our life.• We need water not only for our daily activities

but also for producing many things.• Ponds, Lakes, Rivers, Wells etc. are some

sources of water.• Oceans cover a major part of the Earth.• The water in oceans & seas is saline.• Heating is essential to convert water into its

vapor.• Water Vapor enters the air through the process

of Evaporation & Transpiration.

Water cycle

CHAPTER 15:air around us • Air is a mixture of gasses.• Air is a matter and it occupies space.• Air can be found anywhere but we cannot see

it.• Nitrogen and Oxygen together make up 99% of

the air.• The organisms that live in soil need oxygen to

respire.• Air has an important role in water cycle.• Life on earth is supported by atmosphere .• Water and soil Also contains air in them.

Whether cock

Composition of air

Experiments with an empty bottle

Mountaineers carry oxygenCylinders with them

Policeman regulating traffic at a crowded crossing often wear a mask

A windmill

CHAPTER 16:Garbage in garbage out

• A place where the garbage is collected from a city or a town is dumped is known as landfill.

• Garbage has useful and non useful components.• Burning of garbage produce smoke and gasses

that are harmful for our health.• Vermicomposting is the method of preparing

compost with the help of red worms.• Red worms do not have teeth.• Red worms can eat food equal to its own weight in

a day.• We should not put garbage in plastic bags and

throw it away.

Vermicomposting • Vermicompost is the product or process

of composting using various worms, usually red wigglers, white worms, and other earthworms to create heterogeneous mixture of decomposing vegetable or food waste, bedding materials, and vertices. Vermicast, also called worm castings, worm humus or worm manure, is the end-product of the breakdown of organic matter by an earthworm.[1] These castings have been shown to contain reduced levels of contaminants and a higher saturation of nutrients than do organic materials before vermicomposting.

• Containing water-soluble nutrients, vermicompost is an excellent, nutrient-rich organic fertilizer and soil conditioner.  This process of producing vermicompost is called vermicomposting.

A landfill

Modern landfill

Burning of garbage

Food for red worms

Vermicomposting

MADE BY AYUSH DABRAClass 6 roll NO. 10

MADE UNDER GUIDANCE OF

SANJEEV KUMAR MATHUR SIR