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LOCATIONS AND GENRAL
FEATUIRES OF THE HEART
By: Emily, Arooj, Jenny
Right AtriumLeft AtriumRight VentricleLeft Ventricle
Four chambers
Right Atrium
Receives blood from the systemic circuit
• Collects blood from the pulmonary circuit
Left Atrium
Right Ventricle Discharges blood into the pulmonary circuit
Left ventricle
Ejects it into the systemic circuit
Layers of <3 walls
The wall of the heart contains three layers: - Epicardium (visceral pericardium)
- Myocardium- Endocardium
Epicardium (visceral pericardium)
Covers the outer surface of the heart
It membrane consists of an exposed epithelium and an underlying layer of loose connective tissue that is attached to the myocardium.
Myocardium
Muscular of wall of the heart contains cardiac muscle tissue, blood vessels and nerves
The muscle tissue of the myocardium forms concentric layers that wrap around the atria and spiral onto the walls of the ventricles. It squeezing and twisting contractions that increase the pumping of the heart.
Endocardium The heart’s inner surface, including the
heart valves are covered endacarduim a simple squamous epithelium that is continuous with endothelium (epithelial lining) of the attached blood vessels.
Arteries Coronary arteries
purpose Coronary vein
purpose Blockage Coronary sinus
Tissue and Cell of the heart Cardiac Muscle Cell
Contraction Intercalated discs specialized site where
membrane of adjacent cells are held together by demuse and linked by gap junction (provide movement of ions and small molecules, enabling action potentials to travel rapidly from cell to cell
Connective Tissue Collagen and fiber Purposes of fiber
Fibrous Skeleton of the Heart Blood Vessel Connective Tissue Purpose: stabilizes the position and the
heart valves and physically isolates the atrial muscle from ventricular muscle tissue (important b/c it shows the timing of ventricular contraction is relative to atrial contraction can be controlled)”
Ventricles Purpose Difference between left and right
ventricles
Valves of the Heart
4 Valves
Right Atrioventricular ValvePulmonary Semilunar ValveLeft Atrioventricular ValveAortic Semilunar Valve
Anatomy of a Valve
2-3 cusps – flaps Cusps are braced by chordae tendineae
Connective tissue fibers meaning “tendinous cords”
Fibers connected to papillary muscles Cone shaped projections on the inner
surface of the ventricle Contraction tenses the chordae tendineae Limit movement of cusps Prevent blood from moving backwards
Atrioventricular (AV) Valve From atrium to ventricle Right Atrioventricular Valve
Tricuspid valve 3 cusps
Left Atrioventricular Valve Bicuspid valve Mitral valve 2 cusps Shaped like a bishop’s hat
Semilunar Valves Shaped like a crescent moon Pulmonary (semilunar) valve
Guards entrance to the pulmonary trunk
Start of pulmonary circuit Aortic (semilunar) valve
Guards entrance to the aorta Start of the systemic circuit
Bibliography http://www.cfkeep.org/html/stitch.php?s
=72836608880047&id=50483372109461
http://www.lookfordiagnosis.com/mesh_info.php?term=Papillary+Muscles&lang=1
Medical science book http://withealth.net/tricuspid-valve-anat
omy http://www.teachervision.fen.com/
circulatory-system/printable/57731.html
http://www.google.com/imgres?q=Right+Atrium&um=1&hl=en&sa=N&biw=1600&bih=817&tbm=isch&tbnid=VT7KLMs-UlcHeM:&imgrefurl=http://www.washingtonhra.com/39.html&docid=zbqQHj02-qGbMM&imgurl=http://www.washingtonhra.com/resources/Atrial%252Bflutter%252Banimation.gif&w=475&h=480&ei=id2ET9KIBOOQ2QXW_IjoCA&zoom=1&iact=hc&vpx=557&vpy=169&dur=1345&hovh=226&hovw=223&tx=125&ty=93&sig=115684235108401619802&page=1&tbnh=137&tbnw=136&start=0&ndsp=33&ved=1t:429,r:2,s:0,i:87
http://www.bami.us/CardiacAnatomy.html
http://www.google.com/imgres?q=right+ventricle&um=1&hl=en&biw=1600&bih=817&tbm=isch&tbnid=FyArD8vRLRrb5M:&imgrefurl=http://www.bami.us/CardiacAnatomy.html&docid=ySx89kIwh8RxLM&imgurl=http://www.bami.us/Images/HealthyLiving/HeartPulmABlood%252520.jpg&w=288&h=276&ei=Vt6ET6OMKOih2QXLstiACQ&zoom=1&iact=rc&dur=173&sig=115684235108401619802&page=1&tbnh=133&tbnw=139&start=0&ndsp=34&ved=1t:429,r:4,s:0,i:89&tx=60&ty=68
http://www.google.com/imgres?q=left+ventricle&um=1&hl=en&biw=1600&bih=817&tbm=isch&tbnid=f83E3egKdvwk5M:&imgrefurl=http://www.bami.us/CardiacAnatomy.html&docid=ySx89kIwh8RxLM&imgurl=http://www.bami.us/Images/HealthyLiving/HeartLeftVentricleBlood.jpg&w=288&h=276&ei=qN6ET-3SLOWg2AW7_5HyCA&zoom=1&iact=hc&vpx=523&vpy=171&dur=696&hovh=220&hovw=229&tx=124&ty=129&sig=115684235108401619802&page=1&tbnh=135&tbnw=141&start=0&ndsp=33&ved=1t:429,r:2,s:0,i:98
http://www.google.com/imgres?q=Epicardium+(visceral+pericardium)&um=1&hl=en&safe=active&sa=N&biw=1024&bih=600&tbm=isch&tbnid=yfNGJoDTKRwnGM:&imgrefurl=http://drsvenkatesan.wordpress.com/2008/09/28/what-is-the-mechanism-of-pericardial-rub/&docid=bDaBaz6zoWFzjM&imgurl=http://drsvenkatesan.files.wordpress.com/2008/09/pericardial-effusion-rub-plural-pleuro-pericadial.png%253Fw%253D500%2526h%253D362&w=500&h=362&ei=k5iFT-7SJYiS9gTPxrzUCA&zoom=1&iact=hc&vpx=480&vpy=146&dur=1343&hovh=191&hovw=264&tx=126&ty=86&sig=100500232832776040468&page=1&tbnh=128&tbnw=177&start=0&ndsp=16&ved=1t:429,r:2,s:0,i:73
http://www.google.com/imgres?q=Myocardium&um=1&hl=en&safe=active&biw=1024&bih=600&tbm=isch&tbnid=k42EQuYX27srYM:&imgrefurl=http://www.texasheartinstitute.org/hic/topics/cond/myocard.cfm&docid=9Knb9w2QFYs2RM&imgurl=http://www.texasheartinstitute.org/HIC/Topics/images/myocard.jpg&w=340&h=355&ei=45iFT7yfJYWw8ASTyZiWCA&zoom=1&iact=rc&dur=235&sig=100500232832776040468&page=1&tbnh=123&tbnw=118&start=0&ndsp=16&ved=1t:429,r:17,s:0,i:69&tx=33&ty=43
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