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IETF Day 2018 Taller del Grupo de Trabajo de Ingeniería de Internet/Argentina
Protocolos IETF para IoT
Auspiciado por
Gustavo MercadoFacultad Regional Mendoza
Universidad Tecnológica Nacional
IETF Day 2018 Taller del Grupo de Trabajo de Ingeniería de Internet/Argentina
Survey de Protocolos Normalizados por IETFpara Aplicaciones de Internet of Things (IoT)
Gustavo Mercado1, Carlos Tafernaberry1, Marcela Orbiscay12,Marcelo Ledda1, Raúl Moralejo1
1 gridTICs - Dpto Electrónica - UTN FRMRodriguez 273, Mendoza, Argentina
{gustavo.mercado}@gridtics.frm.utn.edu.ar
2 IANIGLA - Centro Científico Tecnológico - CONICET MendozaAv. Ruiz Leal s/n, Mendoza, Argentina
morbis@mendoza-conicet.gob.ar
IETF Day 2018 Taller del Grupo de Trabajo de Ingeniería de Internet/Argentina
IoT(Internet of Things)
IETF Day 2018 Taller del Grupo de Trabajo de Ingeniería de Internet/Argentina
IoT(Internet of Things)
Everything that can be connected will be connected
IETF Day 2018 Taller del Grupo de Trabajo de Ingeniería de Internet/Argentina
IoT(Internet of Things)
Everything that can be connected will be connected
Adapt the Internet to different types of networks such as constrained
networks/nodes, e.g. send temperature in a 802.15.4 packet
IETF Day 2018 Taller del Grupo de Trabajo de Ingeniería de Internet/Argentina
IoT(Internet of Things)
Constraints Networks:
o low achievable bit rate/throughput
o high packet loss and high variability of packet
loss
o highly asymmetric link characteristics,
o limits on reachability over time
Constrained Nodes:
o Limits on power
o Memory
o Processing
resources
Everything that can be connected will be
connected
Adapt the Internet to different types of networks such as constrained
networks/nodes, e.g. send temperature in a 802.15.4 packet
IETF Day 2018 Taller del Grupo de Trabajo de Ingeniería de Internet/Argentina
Everything that can be connected will be
connected
Adapt the Internet to different types of networks such as constrained
networks/nodes, e.g. send temperature in a 802.15.4 packet
Adapt IPv6
IoT(Internet of Things)
IETF Day 2018 Taller del Grupo de Trabajo de Ingeniería de Internet/Argentina
Everything that can be connected will be
connected
Adapt the Internet to different types of networks such as constrained
networks/nodes, e.g. send temperature in a 802.15.4 packet
Adapt IPv6 Modeling the
routing
IoT(Internet of Things)
IETF Day 2018 Taller del Grupo de Trabajo de Ingeniería de Internet/Argentina
Everything that can be connected will be
connected
Adapt the Internet to different types of networks such as constrained
networks/nodes, e.g. send temperature in a 802.15.4 packet
Adapt IPv6 Modeling the
routing
Modeling the web
transfer
IoT(Internet of Things)
IETF Day 2018 Taller del Grupo de Trabajo de Ingeniería de Internet/Argentina
Everything that can be connected will be
connected
Adapt the Internet to different types of networks such as constrained
networks/nodes, e.g. send temperature in a 802.15.4 packet
Adapt IPv6 Modeling the
routing
Modeling the web
transfer
Security, Mgmt
IoT(Internet of Things)
IETF Day 2018 Taller del Grupo de Trabajo de Ingeniería de Internet/Argentina
Everything that can be connected will be
connected
Adapt the Internet to different types of networks such as constrained
networks/nodes, e.g. send temperature in a 802.15.4 packet
Adapt IPv6 Modeling the
routing
Modeling the web
transfer
Security, Mgmt
STANDARDS
IoT(Internet of Things)
IETF Day 2018 Taller del Grupo de Trabajo de Ingeniería de Internet/Argentina
IETF Day 2018 Taller del Grupo de Trabajo de Ingeniería de Internet/Argentina
IETF Day 2018 Taller del Grupo de Trabajo de Ingeniería de Internet/Argentina
Internet Engineering Task Force
https://ietf.org/
IETF Day 2018 Taller del Grupo de Trabajo de Ingeniería de Internet/Argentina
The goal of the The Internet Engineering Task
Force (IETF) is to make the Internet work better
Data Link(MAC + LLC)
Internet
Transport
Application
TCP/IP Stack
Physical
IETF
e.g. IEEE, 3GPP
IETF Day 2018 Taller del Grupo de Trabajo de Ingeniería de Internet/Argentina
The goal of the The Internet Engineering Task
Force (IETF) is to make the Internet work better
Data Link(MAC + LLC)
Internet
Transport
Application
TCP/IP Stack
Physical
IETF
e.g. IEEE, 3GPP
Applications and Real-
Time
General
Internet
Ops & Mgmt
Routing
Security
Transport
IRTF
Areas
IETF Day 2018 Taller del Grupo de Trabajo de Ingeniería de Internet/Argentina
IPv6 over Low Power Wireless Personal Area Networks (6LoWPAN) aims
IPv6 Payload
6LoWPAN
to compress the IPv6 header
http://www.reckorder.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/03/compressdata.jpg
IETF Day 2018 Taller del Grupo de Trabajo de Ingeniería de Internet/Argentina
IPv6 over Networks of Resource-constrained Nodes (6Lo) WG
aims to extend 6LoWPAN to different technologies
- RFC 7428: Transmission of IPv6 Packets over ITU-T G.9959 Networks
- RFC 7668: IPv6 over BLUETOOTH(R) Low Energy
− IPv6 over Bluetooth Low Energy Mesh Networks● draft-ietf-6lo-blemesh-01
- Transmission of IPv6 Packets over Near Field Communication
- An Update to 6LoWPAN ND
Bluetooth LE Physical
Bluetooth LE Link Layer
Bluetooth LE L2CAP
6Lo for Bt LE MeshATT
GATT
IPSS
IPv6 | routing
UDP/TCP/other
Application
Activities - Digital Protocol - RF Analog
IPv6-LLCP Binding
Logical Link Control Protocol (LLCP)
Adaptation Layer for IPv6 over NFC
IPv6
Upper Layer Protocol
IETF Day 2018 Taller del Grupo de Trabajo de Ingeniería de Internet/Argentina
Who else is playing
with 6LoWPAN?
IETF Day 2018 Taller del Grupo de Trabajo de Ingeniería de Internet/Argentina
Who else is playing
with 6LoWPAN?
IPv6 over the TSCH mode of IEEE 802.15.4e
(6tisch)
IETF Day 2018 Taller del Grupo de Trabajo de Ingeniería de Internet/Argentina
Who else is playing
with 6LoWPAN?
6LoWPAN adaptation and
compression (HC)
6top
IEEE802.15.4 TSCH
IPv6
UDP ICMP
COMI
CoAP / DTLS
(PAN
A)
6LoW
PAN
NDRPL
IPv6 over the TSCH mode of IEEE 802.15.4e
(6tisch)
6TiSCH Operation sublayer (6top) provides
a set of commands for upper layers to set
up specific schedules
Time is divided in Slots in TSCH
Channel Hopping in TSCH transmit in
different channels
Industrial Networks
IETF Day 2018 Taller del Grupo de Trabajo de Ingeniería de Internet/Argentina
Who else is playing
with 6LoWPAN?
6LoWPAN adaptation and
compression (HC)
6top
IEEE802.15.4 TSCH
IPv6
UDP ICMP
COMI
CoAP / DTLS
(PAN
A)
6LoW
PAN
NDRPL
IPv6 over Low Power Wide-Area Networks
(lpwan)
IPv6 over the TSCH mode of IEEE 802.15.4e
(6tisch)
6TiSCH Operation sublayer (6top) provides
a set of commands for upper layers to set
up specific schedules
Time is divided in Slots in TSCH
Channel Hopping in TSCH transmit in
different channels
Industrial Networks
IETF Day 2018 Taller del Grupo de Trabajo de Ingeniería de Internet/Argentina
Who else is playing
with 6LoWPAN?
6LoWPAN adaptation and
compression (HC)
6top
IEEE802.15.4 TSCH
IPv6
UDP ICMP
COMI
CoAP / DTLS
(PAN
A)
6LoW
PAN
NDRPL
The Working Group will focus on enabling IPv6 connectivity over
the following selection of Low-Power Wide-Area technologies: SIGFOX,
LoRa, WI-SUN and NB-IOT.
LPWAN Static Context Header Compression (SCHC) and fragmentation
for IPv6 and UDP - draft-ietf-lpwan-ipv6-static-context-hc-03
IPv6 over Low Power Wide-Area Networks
(lpwan)
IPv6 over the TSCH mode of IEEE 802.15.4e
(6tisch)
6TiSCH Operation sublayer (6top) provides
a set of commands for upper layers to set
up specific schedules
Time is divided in Slots in TSCH
Channel Hopping in TSCH transmit in
different channels
Industrial Networks
IETF Day 2018 Taller del Grupo de Trabajo de Ingeniería de Internet/Argentina
Everything that can be connected will be
connected
Adapt the Internet to different types of networks such as constrained
networks/nodes, e.g. send temperature in a 802.15.4 packet
Adapt IPv6 Modeling the
routing
Modeling the web
transfer
Security, Mgmt
IoT(Internet of Things)
ROLL ( Routing over
Low-Power and
Lossy Networks)
RPL ( IPv6 Routing Protocol for
Low-Power and Lossy Networks)
IETF Day 2018 Taller del Grupo de Trabajo de Ingeniería de Internet/Argentina
IETF Day 2018 Taller del Grupo de Trabajo de Ingeniería de Internet/Argentina
IETF Day 2018 Taller del Grupo de Trabajo de Ingeniería de Internet/Argentina
ROLL WG
IETF Day 2018 Taller del Grupo de Trabajo de Ingeniería de Internet/Argentina
ROLL WG
RPL
developed
IETF Day 2018 Taller del Grupo de Trabajo de Ingeniería de Internet/Argentina
DODAGDirected
Acyclic
Graph 6LN (6LowPAN Node )
6LR (6LowPAN Router)
6LBR(6LowPAN Border Router) ROLL WG
RPL
developed topology
Destination-Oriented DAG
IETF Day 2018 Taller del Grupo de Trabajo de Ingeniería de Internet/Argentina
How we form the topology?
DODAGDirected
Acyclic
Graph 6LN (6LowPAN Node )
6LR (6LowPAN Router)
6LBR(6LowPAN Border Router) ROLL WG
RPL
developed topology
Destination-Oriented DAG
IETF Day 2018 Taller del Grupo de Trabajo de Ingeniería de Internet/Argentina
How we form the topology?
Through Control Messages
DODAGDirected
Acyclic
Graph 6LN (6LowPAN Node )
6LR (6LowPAN Router)
6LBR(6LowPAN Border Router) ROLL WG
RPL
developed topology
Destination-Oriented DAG
IETF Day 2018 Taller del Grupo de Trabajo de Ingeniería de Internet/Argentina
How we form the topology?
Through Control Messages
DODAGDirected
Acyclic
Graph
How I send the messages?
6LN (6LowPAN Node )
6LR (6LowPAN Router)
6LBR(6LowPAN Border Router) ROLL WG
RPL
developed topology
Destination-Oriented DAG
IETF Day 2018 Taller del Grupo de Trabajo de Ingeniería de Internet/Argentina
How we form the topology?
Through Control Messages
RPL Control message is a ICMPv6 message
DODAGDirected
Acyclic
Graph
How I send the messages?
6LN (6LowPAN Node )
6LR (6LowPAN Router)
6LBR(6LowPAN Border Router) ROLL WG
RPL
developed topology
Destination-Oriented DAG
IETF Day 2018 Taller del Grupo de Trabajo de Ingeniería de Internet/Argentina
How we form the topology?
Through Control Messages
RPL Control message is a ICMPv6 message
DODAGDirected
Acyclic
Graph
What types of messages we need?
How I send the messages?
6LN (6LowPAN Node )
6LR (6LowPAN Router)
6LBR(6LowPAN Border Router) ROLL WG
RPL
developed topology
Destination-Oriented DAG
IETF Day 2018 Taller del Grupo de Trabajo de Ingeniería de Internet/Argentina
How we form the topology?
Through Control Messages
RPL Control message is a ICMPv6 message
DODAGDirected
Acyclic
Graph
What types of messages we need?
To Request information to join the
topology - DIS
How I send the messages?
6LN (6LowPAN Node )
6LR (6LowPAN Router)
6LBR(6LowPAN Border Router) ROLL WG
RPL
developed topology
IETF Day 2018 Taller del Grupo de Trabajo de Ingeniería de Internet/Argentina
How we form the topology?
Through Control Messages
RPL Control message is a ICMPv6 message
DODAGDirected
Acyclic
Graph
What types of messages we need?
To Request information to join the
topology - DIS
To be able to send messages upwards
- DIO
How I send the messages?
6LN (6LowPAN Node )
6LR (6LowPAN Router)
6LBR(6LowPAN Border Router) ROLL WG
RPL
developed topology
IETF Day 2018 Taller del Grupo de Trabajo de Ingeniería de Internet/Argentina
How we form the topology?
Through Control Messages
RPL Control message is a ICMPv6 message
DODAGDirected
Acyclic
Graph
What types of messages we need?
To Request information to join the
topology - DIS
To be able to send messages upwards
- DIO
How I send the messages?
6LN (6LowPAN Node )
6LR (6LowPAN Router)
6LBR(6LowPAN Border Router) ROLL WG
RPL
developed topology
To be able to send messages downwards
DAO
IETF Day 2018 Taller del Grupo de Trabajo de Ingeniería de Internet/Argentina
How we form the topology?
Through Control Messages
RPL Control message is a ICMPv6 message
DODAGDirected
Acyclic
Graph
What types of messages we need?
To Request information to join the
topology - DIS
To be able to send messages upwards
- DIO
To be able to send messages downwards
DAO
To send the messages in a secure way
How I send the messages?
6LN (6LowPAN Node )
6LR (6LowPAN Router)
6LBR(6LowPAN Border Router) ROLL WG
RPL
developed topology
IETF Day 2018 Taller del Grupo de Trabajo de Ingeniería de Internet/Argentina
How we form the topology?
Through Control Messages
RPL Control message is a ICMPv6 message
DODAGDirected
Acyclic
Graph
What types of messages we need?
To Request information to join the
topology - DIS
To be able to send messages upwards
- DIO
To be able to send messages downwards
DAO
To send the messages in a secure way
How I send the messages?
How a node
pick up a parent
6LN (6LowPAN Node )
6LR (6LowPAN Router)
6LBR(6LowPAN Border Router) ROLL WG
RPL
developed topology
IETF Day 2018 Taller del Grupo de Trabajo de Ingeniería de Internet/Argentina
How we form the topology?
Through Control Messages
RPL Control message is a ICMPv6 message
DODAGDirected
Acyclic
Graph
What types of messages we need?
To Request information to join the
topology - DIS
To be able to send messages upwards
- DIO
To be able to send messages downwards
DAO
To send the messages in a secure way
How I send the messages?
How a node
pick up a parent
Objective Function (OF) Define how RPL nodes select and optimize routes within a RPL Instance
Define how nodes translate one or more metrics into a rank.
Define how nodes select parents
6LN (6LowPAN Node )
6LR (6LowPAN Router)
6LBR(6LowPAN Border Router) ROLL WG
RPL
developed topology
IETF Day 2018 Taller del Grupo de Trabajo de Ingeniería de Internet/Argentina
Everything that can be connected will be
connected
Adapt the Internet to different types of networks such as constrained
networks/nodes, e.g. send temperature in a 802.15.4 packet
Adapt IPv6 Modeling the
routing
Modeling the web
transfer
Security, Mgmt
IoT(Internet of Things)
ROLL ( Routing over
Low-Power and
Lossy Networks)
RPL ( IPv6 Routing Protocol for
Low-Power and Lossy Networks)
Core (
Constrained
RESTful
Environments)
CoAP (The Constrained
Application Protocol)
IETF Day 2018 Taller del Grupo de Trabajo de Ingeniería de Internet/Argentina
IETF Day 2018 Taller del Grupo de Trabajo de Ingeniería de Internet/Argentina
IETF Day 2018 Taller del Grupo de Trabajo de Ingeniería de Internet/Argentina
Application
Request/Response
Messages
UDP
Ver
Token (if any, TKL bytes) ...
TKL Code Message ID
Options (if any) ...
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 Payload (if any) ...
T
CoAPdeveloped
RESTful protocol:
-Client/server & Request/Response
- GET, POST, PUT, DELETE, PATCH, iPATCH, FETCH methods
URI = host + port + path + query componentThe well-know URI: GET coap://[ipv6address]/.well-know/core
Resource Discovery → Resource Directory
(RD)
4 bytes Header
core WG
IETF Day 2018 Taller del Grupo de Trabajo de Ingeniería de Internet/Argentina
Application
Request/Response
Messages
UDP
Ver
Token (if any, TKL bytes) ...
TKL Code Message ID
Options (if any) ...
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 Payload (if any) ...
T
Messages Types: CON, NON, ACK,
RESET
Confirmable
(CON)
Non-Confirmable
(NON)
CoAPdeveloped
RESTful protocol:
-Client/server & Request/Response
- GET, POST, PUT, DELETE, PATCH, iPATCH, FETCH methods
URI = host + port + path + query componentThe well-know URI: GET coap://[ipv6address]/.well-know/core
Resource Discovery → Resource Directory
(RD)
4 bytes Header
core WG
IETF Day 2018 Taller del Grupo de Trabajo de Ingeniería de Internet/Argentina
Everything that can be connected will be
connected
Adapt the Internet to different types of networks such as constrained
networks/nodes, e.g. send temperature in a 802.15.4 packet
Adapt IPv6 Modeling the
routing
Modeling the web
transfer
Security, Mgmt
IoT(Internet of Things)
ROLL ( Routing over
Low-Power and
Lossy Networks)
RPL ( IPv6 Routing Protocol for
Low-Power and Lossy Networks)
Core (
Constrained
RESTful
Environments)
CoAP (The Constrained
Application Protocol)
DTLS
Comi/CoOL
IETF Day 2018 Taller del Grupo de Trabajo de Ingeniería de Internet/Argentina
RFC 7925: Transport Layer Security (TLS) /Datagram Transport
Layer Security (DTLS) Profiles for the Internet of Things –
SECURITY
Authentication and Authorization for Constrained Environments
(ACE) – ace WG
Practical Considerations and Implementation Experiences in
Securing Smart Object Networks
dice WG
ace WG
lwig WG
core WG
Object Security of CoAP (OSCOAP)
A Security Threat Analysis for the Routing Protocol for
Low-Power and Lossy Networks (RPLs)
ROLL WG
IETF Day 2018 Taller del Grupo de Trabajo de Ingeniería de Internet/Argentina
Agradecimiento
• Se agradece el auspicio de ISOC e ISOC Ar, por hacer posible el IETF DAy
• Para hacerse miembro de estas instituciones, puede ingresar en:
www.internetsociety.org
www.isoc.org.ar
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